1、2017年黑龙江大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.tax break（分数：2.00）_3.make a noise in a world（分数：2.00）_4.hard translation（分数：2.00）_5.jump at a chance（分数：2.00）_6.a poor apology（分数：2.00）_7.really something（分数：2.00）_8.wildlife refuge（分数：2.00）_9.organic pollutants（分数：2.00）_10
2、.flash memory（分数：2.00）_11.manned space program（分数：2.00）_12.legal sanctions（分数：2.00）_13.get off on the wrong foot（分数：2.00）_14.cultural diffusion（分数：2.00）_15.multiple rates of exchange（分数：2.00）_16.promote nuclear non-proliferation（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.民政部（分数：2.00）_19.行政问责制度（分数：2.00）_20.(上海)外滩（分数：2.00）_2
3、1.启发式教学（分数：2.00）_22.周恩来故居（分数：2.00）_粽子_24.春秋战国时期（分数：2.00）_25.布达拉宫（分数：2.00）_26.辛亥革命（分数：2.00）_扶贫_28.永不称霸（分数：2.00）_剽窃_30.来样加工（分数：2.00）_31.温哥华（分数：2.00）_32.德智体美劳全面发展（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.How man first learnt to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery
4、. All we really know is that man somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters which would be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be wr
5、itten down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words. The power of words, then, lies in their associationthings they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad
6、 events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases. Do you think about the reason why you dont become a boss? The reason is that your boss has a bigger vocabulary than you do. Maybe you cant believe it. This discovery has been made i
7、n the laboratories of the world. Not by theoretical English professors, but by practical, hard-headed scholars who have been searching for the secrets of success. After a host of experiments and years of testing they have found out: If your vocabulary is limited, your chances of success are limited.
8、 Dr. Johnson OConnor of the Human Engineering Laboratory of Boston and of the Steves Institute of Technology in Hoboken, New Jersey, gave a vocabulary test to 100 young men who were studying to be industrial executives. Five years later those who had passed in the upper ten percent of all, without e
9、xception, had executive positions, while not a single man of the lower twenty five percent had become an executive. Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerful to our minds and emotions. The real poet is a master of words. H
10、e can convey his meaning in words, which sing like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.中国和土库曼斯坦分别是世界重要能源消费国和重要能源生产国
11、。中方愿同土方继续本着平等互利、合作共赢的原则，扩大现有管道建设和天然气贸易，启动勘探、开采、油气化工等全方位合作，做长期、稳定、可靠的能源战略伙伴。两国成功实施了天然气贸易、中国一中亚天然气管道建设等重大合作项目。目前，中国一中亚天然气管道已经同中国境内的西气东输二线相连接，成为当今世界最长的天然气管道。产自中亚腹地土库曼斯坦的天然气跨越千山万水，行程 8 000多公里直抵太平洋沿岸，这是世界能源合作的典范和中土人民友谊的结晶。（分数：2.00）_2017年黑龙江大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉
12、_解析：2.tax break（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：减税优惠)解析：3.make a noise in a world（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：轰动世界)解析：4.hard translation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：硬译，辛苦翻译)解析：5.jump at a chance（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：抓住机会)解析：6.a poor apology（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：有名无实)解析：7.really something（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：真了不起)解析：8.wildlife re
13、fuge（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：野生动物保护区)解析：9.organic pollutants（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：有机污染物)解析：10.flash memory（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：闪存)解析：11.manned space program（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：载人航天工程)解析：12.legal sanctions（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：法律制裁)解析：13.get off on the wrong foot（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：出师不利)解析：14.cultural di
14、ffusion（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：文化传播)解析：15.multiple rates of exchange（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：多种汇率)解析：16.promote nuclear non-proliferation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：促进核不扩散)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.民政部（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Ministry of Civil Affairs)解析：19.行政问责制度（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：administrative system of accountability)解析：
15、20.(上海)外滩（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Shanghai Bund)解析：21.启发式教学（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：heuristic education)解析：22.周恩来故居（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Home of Zhou Enlai)解析：粽子_正确答案：(正确答案：traditional Chinese rice-pudding; rice dumpling)解析：24.春秋战国时期（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period)解析：25.布达拉宫（
16、分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The Potala Palace(in Lhasa, Tibet)解析：26.辛亥革命（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the Revolution of 1911)解析：扶贫_正确答案：(正确答案：supporting the poor)解析：28.永不称霸（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：never seek hegemony)解析：剽窃_正确答案：(正确答案：plagiarize)解析：30.来样加工（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：processing with given materials)解析：31.温哥华（分数：
17、2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Vancouver)解析：32.德智体美劳全面发展（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：all-round development)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.How man first learnt to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that man somehow invented certain sounds to express th
18、oughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters which would be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words.
19、 The power of words, then, lies in their associationthings they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of wo
20、rds that mean something to us increases. Do you think about the reason why you dont become a boss? The reason is that your boss has a bigger vocabulary than you do. Maybe you cant believe it. This discovery has been made in the laboratories of the world. Not by theoretical English professors, but by
21、 practical, hard-headed scholars who have been searching for the secrets of success. After a host of experiments and years of testing they have found out: If your vocabulary is limited, your chances of success are limited. Dr. Johnson OConnor of the Human Engineering Laboratory of Boston and of the
22、Steves Institute of Technology in Hoboken, New Jersey, gave a vocabulary test to 100 young men who were studying to be industrial executives. Five years later those who had passed in the upper ten percent of all, without exception, had executive positions, while not a single man of the lower twenty
23、five percent had become an executive. Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerful to our minds and emotions. The real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words, which sing like music, and which by their p
24、osition and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 人类最初是如何学着去创造单词的，我们不得而知；换言之，语言的起源是个谜。我们所真正知道的是，人类以某种方式发明了某些声音来表达思想、感觉、行为和某些事情，因此，他们可以互相交流，慢慢地，他们默认了某些符号并把
25、它们称之为字母，并且这些字母不仅可以代表那些声音，而且还可以写下来。那些声音，无论是人们发出来的，还是用字母写下来的，我们都把它们叫作单词。然后，单词的力量在于它们的联系性它们使我们在脑海中想起一些事情。我们经历过以后，单词对于我们变得有意义；我们活的越久，就会有更多的特定单词让我们想起悲欢往事；我们读书和学到的单词越多，就会有更大数量的对我们有意义的单词。你有没有想过你为什么没有成为老板?7理由就是你老板的单词量要比你更丰富。你可能不相信。这一发现是在全世界的实验室中得到的。它不是由英语教授推想出来的，而是由那些善于实践的、理智的学者通过探寻成功的奥秘而得出来的。经过大量的实验和多年的测试，
26、他们发现：如果你单词量有限，那么你成功的概率就也是有限的。来自波士顿人类工程实验室和新泽西霍博肯史蒂夫科技学院的约翰奥康纳博士对 100名学习工业管理的年轻人进行单词量测试。五年后，那些测试成绩在所有人中排名前 10的人，毫无意外的都走上了总经理的岗位，相比之下，排名在后 25的人中没有一个成为总经理。那些伟大的作家不仅仅拥有伟大的思想，而且他们还能用一些震撼心灵的词汇来表情达意。真正的诗人都是语言的大师。他可以用语言传达他的意思，他的语言唱起来像动听的音乐，让人们联想到自己而感动落泪。因此，我们应当学习仔细选择我们的语言，并准确地运用，要不然不恰当的语言会使我们的演讲听起来又蠢又俗。)解析：
27、35.汉译英_解析：36.中国和土库曼斯坦分别是世界重要能源消费国和重要能源生产国。中方愿同土方继续本着平等互利、合作共赢的原则，扩大现有管道建设和天然气贸易，启动勘探、开采、油气化工等全方位合作，做长期、稳定、可靠的能源战略伙伴。两国成功实施了天然气贸易、中国一中亚天然气管道建设等重大合作项目。目前，中国一中亚天然气管道已经同中国境内的西气东输二线相连接，成为当今世界最长的天然气管道。产自中亚腹地土库曼斯坦的天然气跨越千山万水，行程 8 000多公里直抵太平洋沿岸，这是世界能源合作的典范和中土人民友谊的结晶。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： China and Turkmenist
28、an are the worlds major energy consuming countries and major energy producers. China is willing to work with Turkmenistan under the principle of equality and mutual benefit, cooperation and win-win, expanding the existing natural gas pipeline construction and trade, starting all-round cooperation such as the exploration and mining, oil and gas chemical industry and being strategic energy partners with long-term, stable and reliable goal. The two countries have successfully
