1、2019 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语模拟题及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：180 分钟)一、阅读理解(总题数：1，分数：10.00)At 18， Ashanthi DeSilva of suburban Cleveland is a living symbol of one of the great intellectual achievements of the 20th century. Born with an extremely rare and usually fatal disorder that left her without a functioning immu
2、ne system (the “bubble-boy disease，” named after an earlier victim who was kept alive for years in a sterile plastic tent)， she was treated beginning in 1990 with a revolutionary new therapy that sought to correct the defect at its very source， in the genes of her white blood cells. It worked. Altho
3、ugh her last gene-therapy treatment was in 1992， she is completely healthy with normal immune function， according to one of the doctors who treated her， W. French Anderson of the University of Southern California. Researchers have long dreamed of treating diseases from hemophilia to cancer by replac
4、ing mutant genes with normal ones. And the dreaming may continue for decades more. “There will be a gene-based treatment for essentially every disease，” Anderson says， “within 50 years.”Its not entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Andersons early success. The National Institutes
5、of Health budget office estimates it will spend $432 million on gene-therapy research in 2005， and there is no shortage of promising leads. The therapeutic genes are usually delivered through viruses that dont cause human disease. “The virus is sort of like a Trojan horse，” says Ronald Crystal of Ne
6、w York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical College. “The cargo is the gene.”At the University of Pennsylvanias Abramson Cancer Center， immunologist Carl June recently treated HIV patients with a gene intended to help their cells resist the infection. At Cornell University， researchers are pursuing ge
7、ne-based therapies for Parkinsons disease and a rare hereditary disorder that destroys childrens brain cells. At Stanford University and the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia， researchers are trying to figure out how to help patients with hemophilia who today must inject themselves with expensive c
8、lotting drugs for life. Animal experiments have shown great promise.But somehow， things get lost in the translation from laboratory to patient. In human trials of the hemophilia treatment， patients show a response at first， but it fades over time. And the field has still not recovered from the setba
9、ck it suffered in 1999， when Jesse Gelsinger， an 18-year-old with a rare metabolic disorder， died after receiving an experimental gene therapy at the University of Pennsylvania. Some experts worry that the field will be tarnished further if the next people to benefit are not patients but athletes se
10、eking an edge. This summer， researchers at the Salk Institute in San Diego said they had created a “marathon mouse” by implanting a gene that enhances running ability; already， officials at the World Anti-Doping Agency are preparing to test athletes for signs of “gene doping.” But the principle is t
11、he same， whether youre trying to help a healthy runner run faster or allow a muscular-dystrophy patient to walk. “Everybody recognizes that gene therapy is a very good idea，” says Crystal. “And eventually its going to work.”（分数：10）(1).The case of Ashanthi Desilva is mentioned in the text to（ ）（分数：2）
12、A.show the promise of gene-therapyB.give an example of modern treatment for fatal diseasesC.introduce the achievement of Anderson his teamD.explain how gene-based treatment works(2).Andersons early success has（ ）（分数：2）A.greatly speeded the development of medicineB.brought no immediate progress in th
13、e research of gene-therapyC.promised a cure to every diseaseD.made him a national hero(3).Which of the following is true according to the text?（ ）（分数：2）A.Ashanthi needs to receive gene-therapy treatment constantly.B.Despite the huge funding， gene researches have shown few promises.C.Therapeutic gene
14、s are carried by harmless viruses.D.Gene-doping is encouraged by world agencies to help athletes get better scores.(4).The word “tarnish” (line 5， paragraph 4) most probably means（ ）（分数：2）A.affectB.warnC.troubleD.stain(5).From the text we can see that the author seems （ ）（分数：2）A.optimisticB.pessimis
15、ticC.troubledD.uncertain二、完形填空(总题数：1，分数：40.00)When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as radio commentators were equally effective on television. Some of the_(1)_they experienced when they were trying to_(2)_themselves to the new medium were technical. Whe
16、n working_(3)_radio, for example, they had become_(4)_to seeing on_(5)_of the listener. This_(6)_of seeing for others means that the_(7)_has to be very good at talking. _(8)_all, he has to be able to_(9)_a continuous sequence of visual images which_(10)_meaning to the sounds which the listener hears
17、. In the_(11)_of television, however, the commentator sees_(12)_with the viewer. His role, therefore, is_(13)_different. He is there to make_(14)_that the viewer does not_(15)_some points of interest, to help him_(16)_on particular things, and to_(17)_the images on the television screen. _(18)_his r
18、adio colleague, he must know the_(19)_of silence and how to use it at those moments_(20)_the pictures speaks for themselves.（分数：40）(1).（分数：2）A.difficultiesB.successesC.sufferingsD.incidents(2).（分数：2）A.turnB.adapC.alterD.modify(3).（分数：2）A.onB.atC.withD.behind(4).（分数：2）A.experiencedB.determinedC.estab
19、lishedD.accustomed(5).（分数：2）A.accountB.sideC.pointD.behalf(6).（分数：2）A.efficiencyB.technologyC.artD.performance(7).（分数：2）A.commentatorB.TV viewerC.speakerD.author(8).（分数：2）A.OfB.ForC.AboveD.In(9).（分数：2）A.inspireB.createC.causeD.perceive(10).（分数：2）A.addB.applyC.affectD.reflect(11).（分数：2）A.occasionB.ev
20、entC.factD.case(12).（分数：2）A.somethingB.nothingC.everythingD.anything(13).（分数：2）A.equallyB.completelyC.initiallyD.hardly(14).（分数：2）A.definiteB.possibleC.sureD.clear(15).（分数：2）A.loseB.depriveC.relieveD.miss(16).（分数：2）A.focusB.attendC.followD.insist(17).（分数：2）A.exhibitB.demonstrateC.exposeD.interpret(1
21、8).（分数：2）A.LikeB.UnlikeC.AsD.For(19).（分数：2）A.purposeB.goalC.valueD.intention(20).（分数：2）A.ifB.whenC.whichD.as2019 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语模拟题答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：180 分钟)一、阅读理解(总题数：1，分数：10.00)At 18， Ashanthi DeSilva of suburban Cleveland is a living symbol of one of the great intellectual achievements of the 20
22、th century. Born with an extremely rare and usually fatal disorder that left her without a functioning immune system (the “bubble-boy disease，” named after an earlier victim who was kept alive for years in a sterile plastic tent)， she was treated beginning in 1990 with a revolutionary new therapy th
23、at sought to correct the defect at its very source， in the genes of her white blood cells. It worked. Although her last gene-therapy treatment was in 1992， she is completely healthy with normal immune function， according to one of the doctors who treated her， W. French Anderson of the University of
24、Southern California. Researchers have long dreamed of treating diseases from hemophilia to cancer by replacing mutant genes with normal ones. And the dreaming may continue for decades more. “There will be a gene-based treatment for essentially every disease，” Anderson says， “within 50 years.”Its not
25、 entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Andersons early success. The National Institutes of Health budget office estimates it will spend $432 million on gene-therapy research in 2005， and there is no shortage of promising leads. The therapeutic genes are usually delivered through v
26、iruses that dont cause human disease. “The virus is sort of like a Trojan horse，” says Ronald Crystal of New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical College. “The cargo is the gene.”At the University of Pennsylvanias Abramson Cancer Center， immunologist Carl June recently treated HIV patients with a
27、 gene intended to help their cells resist the infection. At Cornell University， researchers are pursuing gene-based therapies for Parkinsons disease and a rare hereditary disorder that destroys childrens brain cells. At Stanford University and the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia， researchers are
28、trying to figure out how to help patients with hemophilia who today must inject themselves with expensive clotting drugs for life. Animal experiments have shown great promise.But somehow， things get lost in the translation from laboratory to patient. In human trials of the hemophilia treatment， pati
29、ents show a response at first， but it fades over time. And the field has still not recovered from the setback it suffered in 1999， when Jesse Gelsinger， an 18-year-old with a rare metabolic disorder， died after receiving an experimental gene therapy at the University of Pennsylvania. Some experts wo
30、rry that the field will be tarnished further if the next people to benefit are not patients but athletes seeking an edge. This summer， researchers at the Salk Institute in San Diego said they had created a “marathon mouse” by implanting a gene that enhances running ability; already， officials at the
31、 World Anti-Doping Agency are preparing to test athletes for signs of “gene doping.” But the principle is the same， whether youre trying to help a healthy runner run faster or allow a muscular-dystrophy patient to walk. “Everybody recognizes that gene therapy is a very good idea，” says Crystal. “And
32、 eventually its going to work.”（分数：10）(1).The case of Ashanthi Desilva is mentioned in the text to（ ）（分数：2）A.show the promise of gene-therapy B.give an example of modern treatment for fatal diseasesC.introduce the achievement of Anderson his teamD.explain how gene-based treatment works解析：(2).Anderso
33、ns early success has（ ）（分数：2）A.greatly speeded the development of medicineB.brought no immediate progress in the research of gene-therapy C.promised a cure to every diseaseD.made him a national hero解析：(3).Which of the following is true according to the text?（ ）（分数：2）A.Ashanthi needs to receive gene-
34、therapy treatment constantly.B.Despite the huge funding， gene researches have shown few promises.C.Therapeutic genes are carried by harmless viruses. D.Gene-doping is encouraged by world agencies to help athletes get better scores.解析：(4).The word “tarnish” (line 5， paragraph 4) most probably means（
35、）（分数：2）A.affectB.warnC.troubleD.stain 解析：(5).From the text we can see that the author seems （ ）（分数：2）A.optimistic B.pessimisticC.troubledD.uncertain解析：二、完形填空(总题数：1，分数：40.00)When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as radio commentators were equally effectiv
36、e on television. Some of the_(1)_they experienced when they were trying to_(2)_themselves to the new medium were technical. When working_(3)_radio, for example, they had become_(4)_to seeing on_(5)_of the listener. This_(6)_of seeing for others means that the_(7)_has to be very good at talking. _(8)
37、_all, he has to be able to_(9)_a continuous sequence of visual images which_(10)_meaning to the sounds which the listener hears. In the_(11)_of television, however, the commentator sees_(12)_with the viewer. His role, therefore, is_(13)_different. He is there to make_(14)_that the viewer does not_(1
38、5)_some points of interest, to help him_(16)_on particular things, and to_(17)_the images on the television screen. _(18)_his radio colleague, he must know the_(19)_of silence and how to use it at those moments_(20)_the pictures speaks for themselves.（分数：40）(1).（分数：2）A.difficulties B.successesC.suff
39、eringsD.incidents解析：本题测试词义搭配。本句译文：当他们试图适应这种新的媒体时他们遇到的困难是技术性的。(2).（分数：2）A.turnB.adap C.alterD.modify解析：本题测试结构型词义搭配。adapt oneself to sth. 使适应于：When you go to a foreign country, you should adapt yourself to new manners customs. turn to 求助于 ：You can turn to him for help when you are in trouble. (你有困难时可以
40、求助于他)alter (部分的)改变，修改：Have you altered your mind? (你是否已改变主意?)modify (稍稍)修改，变更：You have to modify the plan if necessary. 此外，modify 还可以作“修饰”解，如：Adverbs modify verbs. (副词修饰动词。)(3).（分数：2）A.onB.atC.with D.behind解析：本题测试惯用搭配。on radio 用无线电，通过广播(强调行为手段)：The concert is broadcast on radio. on radio 在涵义上相当于 by
41、radio, 例如，We can listen to music broadcast by radio. 此外，还有 on the radio 意为：“通过广播，无线电广播中”，例如：1) I listen to the music on the radio. 2) There was good music on the radio last night.at, with, behind 与 radio 不能构成惯用搭配，而且从上下文意思上看也不符合题意。(4).（分数：2）A.experiencedB.determinedC.establishedD.accustomed 解析：本题测试词义
42、搭配。be(或 become ,get ) accustomed to sth. or to doing sth.习惯于：You will soon get accustomed to the climate here. (你会很快习惯这里的气候的。)从上下文的逻辑意思和语法结构上看，experienced, determined, established 均不切题。(5).（分数：2）A.accountB.sideC.pointD.behalf 解析：本题测试惯用搭配。on behalf of 代表，为了。 on acof 由于;on the side of 在. 一边;be on the
43、point of doing sth. 刚要做某事。(6).（分数：2）A.efficiencyB.technologyC.art D.performance解析：本题测试词义搭配。art 技能，本领：the art of seeing for others 意为：“这种替别人看实况的技能”。technology 技术，performance 演出，节目，执行，完成;efficiency 效率，均不符合题意。(7).（分数：2）A.commentator B.TV viewerC.speakerD.author解析：本题测试逻辑型词义搭配。本句译为：这种替别人看实况的技能意味着，电视解说员必须
44、有高超的谈话艺术。(8).（分数：2）A.OfB.ForC.Above D.In解析：本题测试惯用搭配。above all (= most important) 最重要的。 in all 总共：There are thirty students in all in the class. for all 是复合介词，意为“尽管”。(9).（分数：2）A.inspireB.create C.causeD.perceive解析：本题测试词义搭配。create 创立，创建：1)They are struggling to create a new social order. 2) That would
45、 create a wrong impression. (那样会造成错误的印象) cause 引起;inspire 鼓舞;perceive 认识到，察觉到。本句译文：最要的是他必须善于把看到的情景变成一个个连续的画面，用声音把实况介绍给观众。(10).（分数：2）A.add B.applyC.affectD.reflect解析：本题测试词义搭配。add .to 把 加到 which add meaning to the sounds which the listener hears 意为“这些图像使得观众听到的声音具有一定的意义”，即“听众听到了解说员用声音介绍的实况内容”。(11).（分数：
46、2）A.occasionB.eventC.factD.case 解析：本题测试惯用搭配。in the case of 就而言。注意 in the case of 和 in case of 在涵义和用法上的区别：in case of 万一发生。 in the event of(=in case of )如果发生。occasion 不能与in 搭配，但是可以与 on 搭配，如：on the occasion of 在场合，值之际：He gave me a present on the occasion of my birthday.(12).（分数：2）A.somethingB.nothingC.
47、everything D.anything解析：本题测试逻辑搭配。本句译为：然而，就电视而言 ，解说员与电视观众都能看到全部图像。(13).（分数：2）A.equallyB.completely C.initiallyD.hardly解析：本题测试词义搭配。completely different 完全不同。 equally, hardly, initially (起初，最初)均不符合题意。(14).（分数：2）A.definiteB.possibleC.sure D.clear解析：本题测试词义搭配。make sure 查明，弄确实;后可接 of 或 about, 也可接从句，例如：1)Pl
48、ease make sure of the date of the next meeting.(请确定下次会议的时间。) 2)Please make sure that the house is locked properly.(一定要把房门锁好。)(15).（分数：2）A.loseB.depriveC.relieveD.miss 解析：本题测试词义搭配。miss vt. 错过。本句译为：电视解说员要确保电视观众不错过一些精彩场面，他要提醒电视观众注意一些特殊的事情并向观众讲解电视荧幕上的图像。(16).（分数：2）A.focus B.attendC.followD.insist解析：本题测试词义搭配。focus on 注视，集中。insist on 坚持(某种意见或看法);attend on 照顾，伺候：Two nurses attended on the patient. follow vt.后面不能接 on ,意为“跟随”。(17).（分数：2）A.exhibitB.demonstrateC.exposeD.interpret 解析：本题测试词义搭配。interpret 解释，说明：How can I interpret this behavior? exhibit 展览，展示;demonstrate vt. 演示，显示，表演;expose vt.
