1、MBA联考英语-38 及答案解析(总分：105.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Vocabulary(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Until I took Dr Offutts class in DeMatha High School, I was an underachieving student, but I left that class (1) never to underachieve again. He not only taught me to think, he convinced me, (2) by example as words that it was
2、 my moral (3) to do so and to serve others.(4) of us could know how our relationship would (5) over the years. When I came back to DeMatha to teach English, I worked for Dr Offutt, the department chair. My discussions with him were like graduate seminars in adolescent (6) , classroom management and
3、school leadership.After several years, I was (7) department chair, and our relationship (8) again. I thought that it might be (9) chairing the department, since all of my (10) English teachers were (11) there, but Dr Offutt supported me (12) He knew when to give me advice (13) curriculum, texts and
4、personnel, and when to let me (14) my own course.In 1997, I needed his (15) about leaving DeMatha to become principal at another school. (16) he had asked me to stay at DeMatha, I might have (17) , he encouraged me to seize the opportunity.Five years ago, I became the principal of DeMatha (18) , Dr
5、Offutt was there for me, letting me know that I could (19) him. Ive learned from him that great teachers have an inexhaustible (20) of lessons to teach.（分数：10.00）(1).A. concerned B. worried C. determined D. decided（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. as much B. much as C. as such D. such as（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A
6、. work B. job C. duty D. obligation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. Each（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. evolve B. stay C. remain D. turn（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. process B. procedure C. development D. movement（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. called B. named C. asked D. invited（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A
7、. moved B. altered C. went D. shifted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. awkward B. uneasy C. unnatural D. insensitive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. older B. experienced C. former D. /（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. / B. still C. even D. already（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. through B. throughout C. at the beginning D. all the wa
8、y（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. for B. at C. over D. about（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. chart B. head C. describe D. manage（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. opinion B. request C. permission D. order（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. Eyen if B. Although C. When D. If（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. Naturally B. Instead C. Consequently D.
9、 Still（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. Once again B. Repeatedly C. Unusually D. Unexpectedly（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. count in B. count down C. count out D. count on（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. stock B. bank C. wealth D. store（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Text 1Take
10、the case of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. This has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. In
11、 view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionately fewer workers than ever before. The result will be still further raising of the legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment when that age has
12、 been attained. If we cannot put our children to work, we must put them in school.We may also be quite confident that the present trend toward a shorter day and a shorter week will be maintained. We have developed and shall continue to have a new leisure class. Already the public agencies for adult
13、education are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since a depression began. They wilt be little better off when it is over. Their support must come from the taxpayer.It is surely too much to hope that these increases in the cost of public education can be borne by the local communities. The
14、y cannot care for the present restricted and inadequate system. The local communities have failed in their efforts to cope with unemployment. They cannot expect to cope with public education on the scale on which we must attempt it. The answer to the problem of unemployment has been Federal relief.
15、The answer to the problem of public education may have to be much the same, and properly so. If there is one thing in which the citizens of all parts of the country have an interest, it is in the decent education of the citizens of all parts of the country. Our income tax now goes in part to keep ou
16、r neighbors alive. It may have to go in part as well to make our neighbors intelligent. We are now attempting to preserve the present generation through Federal relief of the destitute. Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may requir
17、e.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the passage mainly about?A. How to persuade local communities to provide more funds.B. How to cope with the shortage of funds for public education.C. How to solve the rising unemployment problem.D. How to improve the public education system.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the re
18、ason for the increase in the number of students?A. The requirement of educated workers by business.B. Raising of the legal age for going to work.C. The trend toward a shorter workday.D. Peoples concern for the future of the next generation.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The public agencies for adult education
19、 will be little better off because_.A. the unemployed are too poor to continue their educationB. a new leisure class has developedC. they are still suffering from a depressionD. an increase in taxes could be a problem（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the author, the answer to the problem of public e
20、ducation is that the Federal government_.A. should allocate Federal funds for public educationB. should demand that local communities provide supportC. should raise taxes to meet the needs of public educationD. should first of all solve the problem of unemployment（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Why does the au
21、thor say “Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require“. (Lines 1011, Para. 3)A. Only by appropriating adequate Federal funds for education can the next generation have a bright future.B. Citizens of all parts of the country agre
22、e that the best way to support education is to use Federal funds.C. People all over the country should make contributions to education in the interest of the next generation.D. Educated people are determined to use part of the Federal funds to help the poor.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Text 2The influence of cl
23、imate on behavior appears all-pervasive. Indeed, who can claim that weather factors have no influence on their decision-making? Everyone can point to instances where plans and activities have been changed because of weather conditions. Peoples moods also change with the weather: bright sunny days se
24、em to lift spirits, while dark rainy periods bring on depression.Law enforcement agencies are beginning to show interest in the effect of atmospheric conditions on behavior. Every year, the FBIs Uniform Crime Reports provide breakdowns of the crime rates by month and season of the year. Both monthly
25、 and seasonal variations are considered to reflect the varying influence of temperature, precipitation, humidity, length of daylight, and a number of other climatological factors.Various studies find relationships between specific climatological conditions and crime. Rising temperature is generally
26、accompanied by increases in aggression and violent crime. On the other hand, high humidity appears to reduce the incidence of physical activity and aggression. Rain, cloud cover, and other forms of inclement weather are associated with lower levels of property crimes and increased depression.Our stu
27、dy showed that low humidity has the most widespread influence on all types of crime studied. The analysis also shows that as humidity increases the level of crime decreases. Temperature also has a great effect. Increasing temperature fails to influence the number of nighttime burglaries/larcenies, b
28、ut it does increase the other crime categories. Burglaries/larcenies (day and night) and daytime assaults also tend to increase along with cloud cover. Except for wind speed and barometric pressure with regard to daytime assaults, the remaining weather factors have virtually no influence on the leve
29、ls of crime.Individuals who respond with criminal behavior to weather changes or weather extremes may be controllable by administering drugs that offset these influences. Electrical stimulation of pleasure centers in the brain may someday be a feasible countermeasure to aggressive stimuli due to inc
30、reased temperature or other weather variables.Changing or manipulating the weather is one possible means of attacking a weather-crime interaction. This approach may not be feasible due to the many relationships between weather/climate and the rotation of the earth. Minor changes may be possible such
31、 as regulation of rainfall of sky cover. On the other hand, temperature control may be impossible.More research is needed to assess and clarify the relationship between crime and the various climatological factors. Once this is accomplished, it will be necessary to devise more accurate means of fore
32、casting the weather, counteracting the effects of weather on human behavior, and controlling the environment, or identifying other approaches to the problem.（分数：10.00）(1).All the following statements are true except that_.A. nighttime stealing increases along with increasing temperatureB. nobody is
33、free from the influence of weather factorsC. crime rates are related to temperature, moisture, etcD. people are thinking the possible ways to handle individual reactions to climatological changes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The following are all optimum conditions for crime EXCEPT_.A. more sky cover B. high
34、er temperature C. higher humidity D. lower humidity（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following ways to handle crimes related with weather changes is not mentioned?A. Electrical stimulation of pleasure B. Medicine treatmentC. Weather control D. More police work（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).People are likely t
35、o be very active and aggressive_.A. when it is rainy and cloudy B. as humidity increasesC. when there is little moisture D. as temperature decreases（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).People are in low spirits_.A. during the night B. on clear and fine daysC. on hot and sunny days D. during cold and stormy weather（
36、分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Text 3If sustainable competitive advantage depends on work-force skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsib
37、ility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired-rented at the lowest possible cost-much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almos
38、t always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer(CEO). By way of contr
39、ast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central-usually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firms hierarchy.While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact they invest less in the skills of their employees than
40、 do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than o
41、n the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do),
42、the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed.
43、 The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the population affect the wages of the top haft. If the bottom half cant effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.（分数：1
44、0.00）(1).Which of the following applies to the management of human-resources in American companies?A. They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills.B. They see the gaining of skills as their employees own business.C. They attach more importance to workers than equipment.D. They only
45、 hire skilled workers because of keen competition.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the position of the head of human-resource management in an American firm?A. He is one of the most important executives in the firms.B. His post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introducedC. He is directly
46、 under the chief financial executive.D. He has no say in making important decisions in the firm.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The money most American firms put in training mainly goes to_.A. workers who can operate new equipmentB. technological and managerial staffC. workers who lack basic background skillsD
47、. top executives（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, the decisive factor in maintaining a firms competitive advantage is _.A. the introduction of new technologiesB. the improvement of workers basic skillsC. the rational composition of professional and managerial employeesD. the attachment
48、of importance to the bottom half of the employees（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the main idea of the passage?A. American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human-resource management.B. Extensive retraining is indispensable to effective human-resource management.C. The head to human-
49、resource management must be in the central position in a firms hierarchy.D. The human-resource management strategies of American firms affect their competitive capacity.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Text 4All couples have problems and disagreements, so its critical that they learn how to communicate about them in a way that will be helpful instead of making them worse. I do not believe that prescribing specific techniques for communicating is as helpful as focusing on the core attitudes behind the communication. My thoughts on effectively communicati
