1、考研英语(二)-39 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：100.00)New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It“s now a “global village“ where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this hi
2、gh-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills. Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic b
3、usiness efforts. Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.“ He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company“s plan for su
4、ccess, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United Sates where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are
5、becoming more and more prevalent. Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets. English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-grow
6、ing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn“t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal. The employee posted abroad who speaks the country“s principal language has an o
7、pportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.（分数：25.00）(1).What is t
8、he author“s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?（分数：5.00）A.Critical.B.Indifferent.C.Prejudiced.D.Positive.(2).With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, businesspeople _.（分数：5.00）A.have to get familiar with modern technologyB.are gaining more economic benefits from
9、domestic operationsC.are attaching more importance to their overseas businessD.are eager to work overseas(3).In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind“ (Line 2, Para.3) probably means _.（分数：5.00）A.being unable to think properly for lack of insightB.being totally out of touch with business at ho
10、meC.missing opportunities for promotion when abroadD.leaving all care and worry behind(4).According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?（分数：5.00）A.Connections with business overseas.B.Ability to speak the client“s language.C.Tech
11、nical know-how.D.Business experience.(5).The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can _.（分数：5.00）A.better control the whole negotiation processB.easily find new approaches to meet market needsC.fast-forward their proposals to headquartersD.easily make friends with busin
12、esspeople abroadWhile still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many statesat least in getting people off welfare. It“s estimated that more than 2 million people have left the roils since 1994. In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens County have bee
13、n cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percenttwice the national average. For advocates for the poor, that“s an indication much more needs to be done
14、. “More people are getting jobs, but it“s not making their lives any better,“ says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington. A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed
15、 households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down. But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory. “Welfare was a poison. It was a
16、toxin that was poisoning the family,“ says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. “The reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities. It“s beginning to rebuild the work ethic, which is much more important.“ Mr. Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is
17、cracked,“ then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.（分数：25.00）(1).From the passage, it can be seen that the author _.（分数：5.00）A.believes the reform has reduced the government“s burdenB.insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poorC.is overenth
18、usiastic about the success of welfare reformD.considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful(2).Why aren“t people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?（分数：5.00）A.Because many families are divorced.B.Because government aid is now rare.C.Because their wages are low.D.Because the cost of
19、living is rising.(3).What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that _.（分数：5.00）A.greater efforts should be made to improve people“s living standardsB.70 percent of the people there have been employed for two yearsC.50 percent of the population no longer relies on welfareD.the living
20、standards of most people are going down(4).From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at _.（分数：5.00）A.saving welfare fundsB.rebuilding the work ethicC.providing more jobsD.cutting government expenses(5).According to the passage before the welfare reform was carried out, _.（分数：5.00）A.the pover
21、ty rate was lowerB.average living standards were higherC.the average worker was paid higher wagesD.the poor used to rely on government aidAmericans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operato
22、r or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned toexpect superior quality from a man who
23、wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identit
24、y than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes. Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety an
25、d the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job a
26、t least. Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many ty
27、pes of civilian clothes.（分数：25.00）(1).It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _.（分数：5.00）A.still judge a man by his clothesB.hold the uniform in such high regardC.enjoy having a professional identityD.will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform(2).
28、People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform _.（分数：5.00）A.suggests quality workB.discards his social identityC.appears to be more practicalD.looks superior to a person in civilian clothes(3).The chief function of a uniform is to _.（分数：5.00）A.provide practical benefits to the wearerB.make the
29、 wearer catch the pubic eyeC.inspire the wearer“s confidence in himselfD.provide the wearer with a professional identity(4).According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _.（分数：5.00）A.are usually helpfulB.have little or no individual freedomC.tend to lose their individualityD.enjoy greater popula
30、rity(5).The best title for this passage would be _.（分数：5.00）A.Uniforms and SocietyB.The Importance of Wearing a UniformC.Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformD.Advantages and Disadvantages of UniformsLong after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereein
31、g decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees
32、 were in charge. Observers noted down the referees“ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingl
33、y, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum distance is about 20 meters. There a
34、lso seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, football“s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it
35、should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFA“s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physic
36、al condition is less critical.（分数：25.00）(1).The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to _.（分数：5.00）A.review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB.analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC.set a standard for football refereeingD.reexamine the rules for football re
37、fereeing(2).The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _.（分数：5.00）A.slightly above averageB.higher than in the 1998 World CupC.quite unexpectedD.as high as in a standard match(3).The findings of the experiment show that _.（分数：5.00）A.errors are more likely when a referee keeps cl
38、ose to the ballB.the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC.the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD.errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot(4).The word “officials“ (Line 3, Para.4) most probably refers to _.（分数：5.00）A.the research
39、ers involved in the experimentB.the inspectors of the football tournamentC.the referees of the football tournamentD.the observers at the site of the experiment(5).What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?（分数：5.00）A.The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.B
40、.Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C.A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D.An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.考研英语(二)-39 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：100.00)N
41、ew technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It“s now a “global village“ where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skill
42、s. Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts. Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to a
43、dvancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.“ He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company“s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If
44、an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United Sates where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent. Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensiv
45、e communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets. English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn“t ge
46、nerally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal. The employee posted abroad who speaks the country“s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural ins
47、ight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.（分数：25.00）(1).What is the author“s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?（分数：5.00）A.Crit
48、ical.B.Indifferent.C.Prejudiced.D.Positive. 解析：(2).With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, businesspeople _.（分数：5.00）A.have to get familiar with modern technologyB.are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operationsC.are attaching more importance to their overseas busin
49、ess D.are eager to work overseas解析：(3).In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind“ (Line 2, Para.3) probably means _.（分数：5.00）A.being unable to think properly for lack of insightB.being totally out of touch with business at homeC.missing opportunities for promotion when abroad D.leaving all care and worry behind解析：(4).According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?（分数：5.00）A.Connections with business overseas.B.Ability to speak
