1、考研英语-658 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、In the United States(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.circumstanceB.occasionC.caseD.situation2.（分数：0.50）A.hardlyB.entirelyC.onlyD.even3.（分数：0.50）A.overB.inC.atD.about4.（分数：0.50）A.prevalentlyB.furiouslyC.statisticallyD.drastically5.
2、（分数：0.50）A.byB.afterC.ofD.for6.（分数：0.50）A.outsetB.outbreakC.breakthroughD.breakdown7.（分数：0.50）A.abolishedB.diminishedC.jeopardizedD.precluded8.（分数：0.50）A.BecauseB.AsC.SinceD.Although9.（分数：0.50）A.latterB.lateC.otherD.first10.（分数：0.50）A.againB.thusC.repeatedlyD.yet11.（分数：0.50）A.pensionsB.subsidiesC.re
3、venuesD.budgets12.（分数：0.50）A.nurseriesB.homesC.jobsD.children13.（分数：0.50）A.formulatingB.labelingC.patentingD.licensing14.（分数：0.50）AimpetusB.inputC.imitationD.initiative15.（分数：0.50）A.regulatingB.summoningC.allocatingD.transferring16.（分数：0.50）A.expandedB.facilitatedC.supplementedD.compensated17.（分数：0.
4、50）A.unanimouslyB.sharplyC.predominantlyD.militantly18.（分数：0.50）A.thereforeB.consequentlyC.howeverD.moreover19.（分数：0.50）A.thoseB.themC.whoseD.whom20.（分数：0.50）A.sourcesB.abundanceC.shortageD.reduction三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.When we listen t
5、o a person talking, the most important thing for us to do is_.（分数：2.00）A.notice the way the person is talkingB.take a good look at the person talkingC.mind his tone, his posture and the look in his eyesD.examine the real meaning of what he says based an his manner, his tone and his posture22.The aut
6、hor most probably is a _.（分数：2.00）A.teacherB.psychologistC.philosopherD.doctor Text 223.This passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.how to interpret what people sayB.what to do when you listen to others talkingC.how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with peopleD.why we go wrong with people sometim
7、es24.In the second paragraph, “Maybe he doesnt see it himself, “the pronoun “it “refers to_.（分数：2.00）A.being friendlyB.a hit of envyC.lucky dogD.your luck25.According to the author, the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that _.（分数：2.00）A.we fall to listen carefully when they talkB.people t
8、end to be annoyed when we cheek what they sayC.people usually state one thing hut means anotherD.we tend to doubt what our friends say六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.how to stiffer painB.how to avoid painC.how to handle painD.how to stop pain27.When the author ment
9、ions the Indian fakir, he suggests that_.（分数：2.00）A.Indians are not at all afraid of painB.people may be senseless of painC.some people are able to handle painD.fakirs have magic to put needles right through their arms28.The authors attitude towards pain is _.（分数：2.00）A.pessimisticB.optimisticC.radi
10、calD.practical29.The sentence “But we pay for our sensitivity.“in the third paragraph implies that_.（分数：2.00）A.we should pay a debt for, our feelingB.we have to be hurt when We feel somethingC.our pain is worth feelingD.when we feel pain, we are suffering it30.The most important thing to handle pain
11、 is _.（分数：2.00）A.how we look at painB.to feel pain as much as possibleC.to show an interest in painD.to accept the pain reluctantly七、Text 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.The author suggests that_.（分数：2.00）A.we shouldnt blame a person if he fails to act in emergenciesB.a person must feel guilty if he fails to he
12、lpC.people should be responsible for themselves in emergenciesD.when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway32.The researchers have conducted an experiment to prove that people will act in emergencies when _.（分数：2.00）A.they are in pairsB.they are in groupsC.they are aloneD.they are with thei
13、r friends33.The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that_.（分数：2.00）A.they are afraid of emergenciesB.they are reluctant to get themselves involvedC.others will act if they themselves hesitateD.they do not feel any direct responsibility for those who need help34.Which of the
14、 following is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that there is a real emergency.B.When a person tries to help others, he should know whether they are worth his help.C.A person must take the full responsibility for the safety of those in emergencies if he wants t
15、o help.D.A person with a heart attack needs help.35.The purpose of this passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.to explain why people fail to act in emergenciesB.to explain when people will act in emergenciesC.to explain what people will do in emergenciesD.to explain how people feel in emergencies八、Text 4(总题数：5，分数：1
16、0.00)36.As used in the third sentence of the second paragraph, “daily bread“ refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.breakfastB.bread and butterC.riceD.millet37.In 19601961, Chad had a good harvest of cotton because_.（分数：2.00）A.the government greatly encouraged peasantsB.rains favored the growth of cottonC.Chad gain
17、ed independence in the previous yearD.both A and B38.We learn from the passage that the date of sowing cotton is usually_.（分数：2.00）A.on June 15thB.on July 15thC.on July 1stD.on July 20th39.Which of the following is NOT tree?（分数：2.00）A.Educational campaigns are very important to early sowing.B.Of all
18、 the advances that the writer hopes for, early sowing is the most important.C.Peasants should remain the masters of their fields.D.Government might as well make good and firm rule for peasants.40.In order to help them through the difficult time between harvests the peasants have to_.（分数：2.00）A.sell
19、cotton in advanceB.be encouraged to save moneyC.sow cotton in timeD.plant millet fast九、Part B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、A These issues cut(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_42.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_43.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_44.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_45.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_十一、Part C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Laws of nature are o(总题数：5，分数：10.0
20、0)46.（分数：2.00）_47.（分数：2.00）_48.（分数：2.00）_49.（分数：2.00）_50.（分数：2.00）_十三、Section Writing(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十四、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)51.You have just received a letter from a company, which replied your application for a job and asked you to go to the interview on August 30. Please write a reply which is ab
21、out 100 words on ANSWER SHEET II. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. You do not need to write the address. （分数：10.00）_十五、Part B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)52.You should write about 160 -200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET II.（分数：20.00）_考研英语-658 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，
22、分数：0.00)二、In the United States(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.circumstanceB.occasion C.caseD.situation解析：试题分析 固定搭配。详细解答 只有 occasion 与 on 搭配使用，on this occasion 表示“在这个时机，此时”。circumstance(环境，情势)、通常与 under 连用。case 和 situation(状况，事态，情势)与 in 连用。2.（分数：0.50）A.hardlyB.entirelyC.onlyD.even 解析：试题分析 语意理解题。详细解答 ev
23、en 为“甚至”的意思。此句意为“在某些欧洲国家，甚至在军火工厂里也建立了幼稚园”。其余选项均不够贴切。3.（分数：0.50）A.over B.inC.atD.about解析：试题分析 习惯搭配。详细解答 control over 为习惯搭配，表示“对有控制，抑制”。over 亦可换成 of。4.（分数：0.50）A.prevalentlyB.furiouslyC.statisticallyD.drastically 解析：试题分析 副词辨析题。详细解答 prevalenly 意为“普遍地，流行地”；furiously 意为“狂暴地；狂怒地”；statistically意为“统计地，统计学上地
24、”。只有 drastically 可与 cut down 连用，表示“急剧缩减”。5.（分数：0.50）A.byB.afterC.ofD.for 解析：试题分析 固定搭配。详细解答 can for 是固定搭配，意为“照顾，养活”。6.（分数：0.50）A.outsetB.outbreak C.breakthroughD.breakdown解析：试题分析 近义词辨析题。详细解答 outbreak(爆发；突发)是由动词短语 breakout 变化而来，the outbreak of World War II即“第二次世界大战的爆发”。其余三项都不合题意。7.（分数：0.50）A.abolished
25、 B.diminishedC.jeopardizedD.precluded解析：试题分析 动词辨析题。详细解答 由第 18 题解可知，联邦政府先是急剧压缩其对日托所的补助，随后干脆取消(abolish)，At合句意。8.（分数：0.50）A.BecauseB.AsC.SinceD.Although 解析：试题分析 语法知识题。详细解答 结合上下文可知空格处缺少一个表示让步的连词，故 D 正确。because(因为)，since(由于)，as(因为；当)均无此意。此句意为“尽管美国的幼稚园的数量也急剧增长，但它们完全没有受到政府任何形式的资助。”9.（分数：0.50）A.latter B.lat
26、eC.otherD.first解析：试题分析 推断选问题。详细解答 由第一句话可知，第一家日托幼稚园于 1854 年建立而各地的幼稚园在此后相继建起，故选A。 the latter half of the l9th century 指 19 世纪晚些时期，而 the late half of the l9th century 即指 19 世纪末期。10.（分数：0.50）A.again B.thusC.repeatedlyD.yet解析：试题分析 副词辨析题。详细解答 根据题 4 的题解可知，第一战世界大战使得劳动力短缺，产业工人中出现了数量空前多的女性。而第二次世界大战的爆发又一次(agai
27、n)使得妇女取代工厂里的男劳动力，故选 A。11.（分数：0.50）A.pensionsB.subsidiesC.revenuesD.budgets 解析：试题分析 近义词辨析题。详细解答 pension 意为“养老金；退休金”；revenue 意为“总收入；收益”；budget 意为“预算”。subsidy 意为“补助金；津贴”，federal subsidy 表示“联邦补贴(金)”。12.（分数：0.50）A.nurseriesB.homesC.jobs D.children解析：试题分析 考查根据上下文理解的能力。详细解答 此句开头有 however 一词，表明尽管政府在战后缩减甚至取消
28、用于建立托儿所的费用，但是预计的大多数职业母亲将离开她们的工作的现象并未出现，而仅有部分职业母亲离开了工作岗位(leave one，s jobs)。13.（分数：0.50）A.formulatingB.labelingC.patentingD.licensing 解析：试题分析 动词辨析题。详细解答 license，意为“特准；核发执照”。该句意为：“主要通过给日托所核发执照并检查规范其内部条件”。14.（分数：0.50）Aimpetus B.inputC.imitationD.initiative解析：试题分析 名词辨析题。详细解答 impetus 意为“冲力；刺激；原(推)动力”。该句意为
29、：“在一战期间欧美幼稚园的发展受到了极大的推动”。其余三个选项与句意不符。15.（分数：0.50）A.regulatingB.summoningC.allocating D.transferring解析：试题分析 动词辨析题。详细解答 allocate 意为“拨出，分配”，本句意为“美国政府在 1942 年 7 月拨出 600 万美元以资助日托所计划。”16.（分数：0.50）A.expandedB.facilitatedC.supplemented D.compensated解析：试题分析 动词辨析题。详细解答 expand 意为“膨胀；扩大；扩张”；facilitate 意为“使容易；使便
30、利”；compensate 意为“抵消；弥补；偿还，补偿”；supplement 意为“补充，增补”，符合题意“许多州和当地团体都追加资金，以补充联邦政府的该项资助”。17.（分数：0.50）A.unanimouslyB.sharply C.predominantlyD.militantly解析：试题分析 习惯搭配。详细解答 参照第 6 题可知 B 为正确答案。rise sharply 意为“急剧增长”，其他三个副词不能与 rose搭配使用。18.（分数：0.50）A.thereforeB.consequentlyC.however D.moreover解析：试题分析 语意判断题。详细解答 结
31、合上下文可知此处为转折意义，而且该词前后都有逗号与其他部分隔开，只有 however 符合条件。该句意为“但是，在一战结束后的数年中，联邦政府、各州和当地政府逐渐着手实行控制日托所的政策”。19.（分数：0.50）A.thoseB.them C.whoseD.whom解析：试题分析 结构分析题。详细解答 该句前用分号与前句隔开，表明其应是独立的完整句子，与前句构成并列句，而非上句的从句。故只有 B 合适。20.（分数：0.50）A.sourcesB.abundanceC.shortage D.reduction解析：试题分析 名词辨析题。详细解答 shortage 意为“缺乏；短缺”。此句译为
32、“由于劳动力的短缺使得产业工人中出现了数量空前多的女性”。三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.When we listen to a person talking, the most important thing for us to do is_.（分数：2.00）A.notice the way the person is talkingB.take a good look at the person talkingC.mind his tone, his
33、posture and the look in his eyesD.examine the real meaning of what he says based an his manner, his tone and his posture 解析：试题分析 事实判断题。详细解答 根据最后一段的内容判断，D 项的内容更为全面，包含了作者提出的几个方面。因此，答案应是第四个选项。其它几个答案都只包含了一个或两个方面，并不全面，不可选。22.The author most probably is a _.（分数：2.00）A.teacherB.psychologist C.philosopherD.
34、doctor Text 2解析：试题分析 事实推断题。详细解答 根据文章的内容，作者阐述的是怎样在与人交流时，避免误解别人说话的真实意思，这显然与心理学有关系，推测作者是心理学家较为合理。因此，答案为 B。23.This passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.how to interpret what people sayB.what to do when you listen to others talkingC.how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people D.why we go wrong
35、with people sometimes解析：试题分析 文章主旨题。详细解答 本文开篇就指出了我们会经常在交流时出现一些错误，然后举了一些例子做分析，最后直接给出了避免错误的建议。可见，所有的内容都是围绕怎样去避免在与人交流过程中的错误。所以正确答案为 C。24.In the second paragraph, “Maybe he doesnt see it himself, “the pronoun “it “refers to_.（分数：2.00）A.being friendlyB.a hit of envy C.lucky dogD.your luck解析：试题分析 综合理解题。详细解
36、答 前一句话提到：Theres a bit of envy in those words再结合上下文，这里“显然指前一句中的 a bit of envy。因此，答案为 B。25.According to the author, the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that _.（分数：2.00）A.we fall to listen carefully when they talkB.people tend to be annoyed when we cheek what they sayC.people usually state
37、one thing hut means another D.we tend to doubt what our friends say解析：试题分析 细节题。详细解答 本题的答案可以从第二段开头两句看出来 Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning，可见，选项 C 的意思与之相符，应为正确答案。六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.how
38、 to stiffer painB.how to avoid painC.how to handle pain D.how to stop pain解析：试题分析 文章主旨题。详细解答 文章从以牙医用奴佛卡因来帮助病人减轻疼痛来开头，接下来又用印度行僧在胳膊上插上针来镇痛的例子说了人类对付疼痛的历史，最后仍然是有关对付疼痛的，指出人感觉疼痛的程度与态度有关。可见，全篇的内容都与人类对付疼痛有关，正确答案应为 C。27.When the author mentions the Indian fakir, he suggests that_.（分数：2.00）A.Indians are not a
39、t all afraid of painB.people may be senseless of painC.some people are able to handle pain D.fakirs have magic to put needles right through their arms解析：试题分析 推理题。详细解答 作者在印度行僧在胳膊上插上针来镇痛的例子后提到：This ability that some humans have developed to handle pain should give us ideas about how the mind can deal
40、with pain显然，他的目的是指出有些人可以对付疼痛的困扰。因此，本题正确答案为 C。28.The authors attitude towards pain is _.（分数：2.00）A.pessimisticB.optimistic C.radicalD.practical解析：试题分析 事实推断题。详细解答 作者对待疼痛的态度应该是乐观的。因为全篇对人类对付疼痛的几个例子显然都是持赞赏态度的。尤其是最后一句话，and sensations are the stuff of life，作者的态度更是可见一斑。所以正确答案为 D。29.The sentence “But we pay
41、for our sensitivity.“in the third paragraph implies that_.（分数：2.00）A.we should pay a debt for, our feelingB.we have to be hurt when We feel somethingC.our pain is worth feelingD.when we feel pain, we are suffering it 解析：试题分析 综合理解题。详细解答 根据上下文，因为下一句指出 We can feel pain when the slightest thing is wrong
42、 with any part of our body显然，这里 pay for 不是“付钱”的意思，而是指“为付出”。因此，D 为最佳答案。30.The most important thing to handle pain is _.（分数：2.00）A.how we look at pain B.to feel pain as much as possibleC.to show an interest in painD.to accept the pain reluctantly解析：试题分析 事实了解题。详细解答 根据最后一段的开头 The big thing in withstandi
43、ng pain is our attitude toward it.一句，显然忍受疼痛更重要的问题是对待它的态度，选项 A 与之相符，应为正确答案。七、Text 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.The author suggests that_.（分数：2.00）A.we shouldnt blame a person if he fails to act in emergencies B.a person must feel guilty if he fails to helpC.people should be responsible for themselves in emerg
44、enciesD.when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway解析：试题分析 作者态度题。详细解答 作者叙述的态度很客观，指出 Americans often fail to act 的原因不是他们没有人性，而是 They were in a groupTheir actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with所以，可判断，选项 A 与之相符，应为正确答案。32.The researchers have conducted an experiment to prove
45、 that people will act in emergencies when _.（分数：2.00）A.they are in pairsB.they are in groupsC.they are alone D.they are with their friends解析：试题分析 细节题。详细解答 本题答案可以通过第三段最后两句内容了解。正确答案为 C。33.The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that_.（分数：2.00）A.they are afraid of emergenciesB
46、.they are reluctant to get themselves involvedC.others will act if they themselves hesitateD.they do not feel any direct responsibility for those who need help 解析：试题分析 细节题。详细解答 文章第四段指出 They feel that others will act They，themselves，needntThey do not feel any direct re sponsibility所以 D 项内容与之相符，应为正确答案。34.Which of the following is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that there is a real emergency.B.W
