1、考研英语-试卷 114 及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_There are many features that (1)_ a movie as American, but perhaps the most (2)_ is t
2、he theme of the loner-hero(孤胆英雄). In the western movie, which comes out of many (3)_ of the American West, a typical figure is the lonesome cowboy. He wanders into a town and (4)_ out its troubles. Then the strong and independent hero rides off into the sunset (5)_. Americans like this (6)_ in their
3、 films because they are (7)_ independent, and individualism (8)_ a great deal with them. An individual, who is able to (9)_ the evils of the world, or of a small town, is someone to admire. Even the gangster movie, a very popular (10)_ of the typical American film, usually has a hero. (11)_ he is a
4、lawman out to catch the criminals or a gangster who suddenly sees the light and tries to go (12)_ During the violence-ridden period of Prohibition in the 1920s, the gangster movie (13)_ in popularity. These films kept the same. (14)_ as the westernthe bad cannot triumph. One good person can save the
5、 innocent. Recent science fiction films deal (15)_ the same theme. Against the forces of the alien powers, people will fight to protect their ideals. Here, too, the action (16)_ around a single individual, (17)_ now he or she must save the world. The hero battles the unknown, trusting in inner capab
6、ilities and in the power of good (18)_ evil. Fearless, the hero of a typical American movie does not (19)_ to jump into the action. This dominant theme of the American movie is familiar (20)_ people around the world.（分数：40.00）A.makeB.signC.markD.signalA.essentialB.importantC.significantD.necessaryA.
7、storiesB.legendsC.anecdotesD.narrativesA.figureB.reachC.makeD.straightenA.lonelyB.solitarilyC.aloneD.isolatedA.appearanceB.pictureC.imageD.sceneA.fairlyB.totallyC.relativelyD.highlyA.meansB.countsC.saysD.weighsA.correctB.remedyC.adjustD.reduceA.patternB.modeC.formD.designA.NeitherB.BothC.TogetherD.E
8、itherA.rightB.straightC.correctD.goodA.grewB.raisedC.decreasedD.declinedA.toneB.noteC.intonationD.keyA.inB.atC.withD.onA.focusesB.concentratesC.centersD.emphasizesA.butB.soC.thenD.sinceA.overB.andC.orD.onA.waverB.hesitateC.hasteD.stopA.withB.forC.toD.in二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Sectio
9、n II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._Has America gone insane? Season six for American Idol has caused us to ask some fundamental questions about the reality television phenomenon. Show judge Simon
10、 Cowell repeatedly chides(斥责) contestants“, This is a singing competition. But is it really? When talented singers such as Gina Glocksen are voted off in favor of a tone-deaf Sanjaya Malakar, with his trainwreck performances, the question is whether Idol is really a singing competition, or something
11、 altogether different. Although Sanjaya was only in the middle of the pack for last week“s vote, on the Web he was the most searched for Idol contestant of the season, garnering(获得) more than twice the volume of searches than his nearest rival (not counting the continuing quests for racy photos of A
12、ntonella Barba, who is no longer in the competition). Theories abound as to Sanjaya“s staying power on the show, from suggestions of a flood of offshore voting to the texting power of pre-pubescent girls. There is one theory that can actually be quantified by Internet data: shock-jock Howard Stern“s
13、 campaigning for show-spoiler site Vote for the Worst“ to support voting for the entertaining contestants who the producers would hate to see win on American Idol, according to site creator Dave Della Terza, who teaches a course in reality television at the College of DuPage in Glen Ellyn, Ill. Whil
14、e V is small compared to the official American Idol site, the fact that it gets nearly a fifth as many online visits gives it the strength to sway a vote. Vote for the Worst is gaining strength, with over a 50% growth since last season, which can be attributed largely to the self-proclaimed “King of
15、 All Media“. But what does the American public think of the unlikely Idol star? Of all of the searches for Sanjaya over the last four weeks, 41% were searching on variations of his name“, Sanjaya, or“ Sanjaya Malakar, and various misspellings. At least 2.9% searched for information on Sanjaya“s sist
16、er, who didn“t make the cut on the show. The next most popular search topic regarded questions about Sanjaya“s sexual orientation, with searches such as “Sanjaya Malakar gay“, “Sanjaya gay“ and“ is Sanjaya gay? What“s missing are searches related to Sanjaya“s musical selection or talent. The Sanjaya
17、 phenomenon, while amusing, highlights the biggest challenge to reality shows that depend on a public vote for show outcome. It“s not a singing contest, or even a popularity contest; it“s become a race to see who can make the biggest spectacle. In that context, Sanjaya has the advantage.（分数：10.00）(1
18、).It can be inferred from the opening paragraph that American Idol is the name of _.（分数：2.00）A.a TV play series.B.a TV sitcom.C.a TV entertaining program.D.a singing contest.(2).According to the author, in essence American Idol reflects _.（分数：2.00）A.the reality of American TV phenomenon.B.the proble
19、m of some American TV programs.C.the reality of the public entertaining trend.D.the reality of American singing contest.(3).What can be inferred about V from the text?（分数：2.00）A.it is a website whose founder Howard Stern is a popular figure.B.it valuates the Idol contestants in the same way as the T
20、V producers.C.it is powerful enough to influence the outcome of American Idol.D.it is almost as popular as the American Idol official website.(4).In last but one paragraph, the author intends to _.（分数：2.00）A.explain Sanjaya“s popularity on the website.B.criticize the public“s attitude towards Sanjay
21、a.C.make a survey of people“s searches about Sanjaya.D.shed light on the essence of Sanjaya phenomenon.(5).We can conclude from the text that the public attitude toward American Idol is _.（分数：2.00）A.critical.B.approval.C.playful.D.satirical.In 1879, Richard Henry Pratt founded the Carlisle Indian Sc
22、hool, a remarkable 40-year chapter in this country“s failed social policy regarding Native Americans. Pratt“s faith could be simply described as: “Kill the Indian, Save the Man!“ to eradicate any manifestations of their native culture. When four decades of forcible education ended in 1918, it wasn“t
23、 clear what Pratt“s experiment had killed and what it had saved. But there was one indisputably notable legacythe Carlisle football team. In the early 20th century, the Carlisle Indians ascended to the pinnacle(顶点) of the collegiate game. In those years, it began to engage all the Ivy football power
24、s on the gridiron(运动场). And from 1911 to 1913, including the season in which the legendary Jim Thorpe returned from the Olympics to score 25 touchdowns, Carlisle had a 38-3 record, including a 27-6 rout of West Point. Washington Post sportswriter Sally Jenkins has produced a fascinating new book, “T
25、he Real All Americans“: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation (Doubleday. $24.95), that examines the Carlisle legend in wonderful detail. At the turn of the century, football was exploding on the college scene, particularly at the Ivy elites, where the sons of the gentry could prepare for
26、 the rigors of leadership on the gridiron. They preferred their football brutal. Conversely, the Carlisle team was undermanned and seriously undersized. But Carlisle was blessed with gifted athletes and a wizard of a coach, Pop Warner. Because Carlisle couldn“t match the brute force of its rivals, W
27、arner created an entirely new brand of football, relying on speed, deception and guile. In that 1903 Harvard game, Carlisle used the hidden ball trick to score on the second-half kickoff. While the return man pretended to cradle the ball, another player had it tucked into a pocket sewn inside the ba
28、ck of his jersey and ran unmolested 103 yards for a touchdown. Carlisle developed new blocking techniques that compensated for its size disadvantage: the spiral throw that put the long pass, with its premium(优势) on speed, into the offense and a repertoire of fakes; reverses and misdirection that rem
29、ain a central part of the game. It took brains to concoct the schemes and intelligence to execute them. These innovations did not go unrecognized. After Carlisle trounced Army in 1912, The New York Times hailed the conquerors from Carlisle for playing “the most perfect brand of football ever seen in
30、 America“. Still, today this country celebrates football like no other sport. Jenkins does a marvelous job of making an intimate connection between our beloved, modern game and the unlikely team that, a century ago, helped make it what it is today.（分数：10.00）(1).By saying“ Kill the Indian, Save the M
31、an“, Pratt probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.to kill all the Indians in America and save American whites.B.to remove the Indian culture from Indians without killing them.C.to eliminate American natives in order to save the rest of Americans.D.to indoctrinate Indians with the western culture to protect Ame
32、ricans.(2).We can infer from the text that _.（分数：2.00）A.the coach of Carlisle comes back from the Olympics.B.carlisle has a special edge over Ivy football powers.C.Americans treat football in the same way with other games.D.carlisle won several champions in the late 20th century collegiate game.(3).
33、Why did Carlisle rely on speed, deception and guile?（分数：2.00）A.because Carlisle had a higher intelligence than its rivals.B.because Carlisle was hardly weaker in brute force than its rivals.C.because its rivals were physically much stronger than Carlisle.D.because only Carlisle employed a coach who
34、knew various tactics.(4).According to the author, the new blocking techniques developed by Carlisle _.（分数：2.00）A.helped it to win the champion of 1912.B.was recognized by the American people.C.made up for its strong physical force.D.was useless in the 1912 match against Army.(5).Which of the followi
35、ng is the best title for this text?（分数：2.00）A.Carlisle and Football.B.An Indisputable Legacy.C.Hello, Pratt! How“s football?D.Playing for Keeps.If American investors have learned any lesson in the last 25 years, it is to buy shares on the dips. The slide in 20002002 may have been longer and deeper t
36、han they were used to but normal service was eventually resumed, driving the Dow Jones Industrial Average to a record high on October 1st. Among American financial commentators, it is almost universally accepted that shares always rise over the long run. And one ought to expect shares (which are ris
37、ky) to deliver a higher return than risk free assets such as government bonds. Nevertheless, investors ought also to remember the world“s second largest economy, Japan. Its most popular stock-market average, the Nikkei 225, peaked at 38,915 on the last trading day of the 1980s; this week, nearly 18
38、years later, it is still only around 17,000, less than half its peak. Buying on the dips did not work either. Professionals of the London Business School examined the record of 16 stock markets which were in continuous operation over the course of the 20th century. In itself, this selection showed s
39、urvivorship bias by excluding the likes of Russia and China. The academies found that only three other countries could match the American record of having no 20-year periods with negative real returns. Other investors were far less lucky. Japanese, French, German and Spanish investors all suffered i
40、nstances where they had to wait 5060 years to earn a positive real return. It was no good following the famous advice to “put the shares in a drawer and forget about them“; the furniture would not have lasted that long. Besides survivorship bias, there is another problem with the belief that stock m
41、arkets must always go up. Investors will keep buying until prices reach stratospheric(稳定的) levels. That clearly happened in Japan in the late 1980s, and after seven years, it is still not much more than half its peak level. A significant proportion of the return from equities in the second half of t
42、he 20th century came from a re-rating of shares; investors were willing to pay a higher multiple for profits. But re-rating cannot continue forever. If investors want a simple parallel with share prices, they need only mm to the American housing market. Back in 2005 an economic adviser to the presid
43、ent said“, we“ve never had a decline in housing prices on a nationwide basis. What I think is more likely is that house prices will slow, maybe stabilize“. Lots of people took the same view and were willing to borrow (and lend) on a vast scale on the grounds that higher house prices would always bai
44、l them out. They are now counting their losses. Investors in equities should beware of over-committing themselves on the basis of a similar belief Just ask the Japanese.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “dips“ (Line 1, Paragraph 1) means that _.（分数：2.00）A.a place where the surface of something reaches its clim
45、ax.B.a place where the surface of something goes up suddenly and rapidly.C.a place where the surface of something goes down suddenly then goes up again.D.a place where the surface of something reaches its lowest point then goes up.(2).By referring to the Nikkei 225, the author wants to imply that _.
46、（分数：2.00）A.investors will keep buying until prices reach stratospheric levels.B.the universally accepted opinion among American investors isn“t perfect.C.the slide of Nikkei 225 has been longer and deeper than ever before.D.Japanese investors have to wait 50-60 years to earn a positive real return.(
47、3).It can be interred from the text that in the recent two decades the share prices of _.（分数：2.00）A.China keeps increasing.B.America keeps increasing.C.Russia keeps declining.D.France keeps still.(4).Which of the followings is true of the text?（分数：2.00）A.after housing prices keep growing for a long
48、time, they tend to slow and stabilize.B.investors will not stop buying before stock market prices cease to increase.C.America never has a decline in housing prices on a nationwide basis.D.it is sensible for investors to follow famous people“s investment advice.(5).Which of the following is closest to the message the text tries to convey?（分数：2.00）A.the investors should throw away the prevalent myth on investment.B.the investors should buy the risk-free assets
