1、考研英语一（完形填空）模拟试卷 3 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_As the baby-boomer generation contemplates the prospect of the Zimmer frame th
2、ere has never been more interest in delaying the process of ageing. One consequence has been a(n) 【B1】_rise in the popularity of brain-training games. But how 【B2】_ really is a daily dose of cryptic crossword? Robert Wilson, a neuropsychologist at Rush University in Chicago, and his colleagues decid
3、ed to【B3】_out, 【B4】_following a group of people without dementia. Participants were asked to【B5】_how frequently they engaged in cognitively【B6】_activities. The researchers were looking for such things as reading newspapers, books and magazines, 【B7】_ challenging games like chess, listening to the ra
4、dio and watching television, and 【B8】_ museums. The good news, as they report in Neurology, is that【B9】_activity of this sort seems to slow the rate of【B10】_decline in those without cognitive【B11】_. The bad news is that in those who do then develop Alzheimer s disease it is associated with a more ra
5、pid【B12】_decline. What seems to be happening is that cognitive stimulation helps【B13】_the effect of theneurodegenerative lesions associated with dementia. It does not,【B14】_, make them go away. They continue to【B15】_, so that when the disease does eventually take【B16】_there are more of them around t
6、han there otherwise would be, which results in a more【B17】_cognitive fall off. That is not a message of despair, 【B18】_, because the length of time someone suffers from dementia is thus 【B19】_ and their healthy life prolonged. So the message is,【B20】_on with the crosswords.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00
7、）A.tinyB.smallC.dramaticD.enormous(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.effectiveB.affectiveC.efficientD.constructive(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.checkB.figureC.findD.pick(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.withB.byC.inD.as(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.rateB.anticipateC.declareD.assert(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.sustainingB.transformingC.recedingD.stimulating(7).【
8、B7】（分数：2.00）A.settingB.playingC.arrangingD.making(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.watchingB.viewingC.sightseeingD.visiting(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.casualB.successiveC.frequentD.continuous(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.mentalB.physicalC.spiritualD.energetic(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.obstacleB.inclinationC.limitationD.impairment(12).【B1
9、2】（分数：2.00）A.consecutiveB.subsequentC.conservativeD.subservient(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.meetB.encounterC.overcomeD.conduct(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.thereforeB.moreoverC.indeedD.however(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.amassB.accumulateC.collectD.gather(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.holdB.careC.chargeD.up(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.slight
10、B.mildC.abundantD.rapid(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.untilB.thoughC.unlessD.if(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.reducedB.degradedC.declinedD.increased(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.letB.putC.workD.carryThe Earth s daily clock, measured in a single revolution, is twenty-four hours. The human clock,【B1】_, is actually about twenty-fi
11、ve hours. That s 【B2】_ scientists who study sleep have determined from human subjects who live for several weeks in observation chambers with no【B3】_of day or night. Sleep researchers have 【B4】_ other surprising discoveries as well. We spend about one-third of our lives asleep, a fact that suggests
12、sleeping, 【B5】_ eating and breathing, is a fundamental life process. Yet some people almost never sleep, getting by on as 【B6】_ as fifteen minutes a day. And more than seventy years of【B7】_into sleep deprivation, in which people have been kept【B8】_for three to ten days, has 【B9】_ only one certain fi
13、nding: Sleep loss makes a person sleepy and that s about all; it causes no lasting ill【B10】_. Too much sleep, however, may be【B11】_for you. These findings【B12】_some long-held views of sleep, and they【B13】_questions about its fundamental purpose in our lives. In【B14】_, scientists dont know just why s
14、leep is necessary Some scientists think sleep is more the result of evolutionary habit than【B15】_actual need, Animals sleep for some parts of the day perhaps because it is the 【B16】_ thing for them to do: it keeps them【B17】_and hidden from predators; its a survival tactic. Before the advent of elect
15、ricity, humans had to spend at least some of each day in【B18】_and had little reason to question the reason or need for【B19】_. But the development of the electroencephalograph and the resulting discovery in 1937 of dramatic【B20】_in brain activity between sleep and wakefulness opened the way for scien
16、tific inquiry in the subject.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.howeverB.otherwiseC.likewiseD.therefore(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.theB.whatC.becauseD.many(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.ideaB.feelingC.senseD.judgment(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.come up againstB.come down toC.come up withD.come up to(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.withB.likeC.unlike
17、D.as(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.littleB.muchC.fewD.long(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.probeB.investigationC.researchD.examination(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.asleepB.sleepyC.activeD.awake(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.ignoredB.yieldedC.recognizedD.excluded(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.effectsB.affectionsC.influencesD.impacts(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.usefu
18、lB.goodC.badD.harmful(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.challengeB.denyC.doubtD.dispute(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.evadeB.settleC.raiseD.release(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.additionB.factC.lineD.short(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.fromB.anC.theD.of(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.worstB.bestC.onlyD.natural(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.comfortableB.calmC.quie
19、tD.excited(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.coldnessB.warmthC.darknessD.shade(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.sleepB.workC.foodD.clothes(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.differencesB.similaritiesC.resemblanceD.opposites考研英语一（完形填空）模拟试卷 3 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read
20、 the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：As the baby-boomer generation contemplates the prospect of the Zimmer frame there has never been more interest in delaying the process of ageing. One consequence has been a(n) 【B1】_rise in the po
21、pularity of brain-training games. But how 【B2】_ really is a daily dose of cryptic crossword? Robert Wilson, a neuropsychologist at Rush University in Chicago, and his colleagues decided to【B3】_out, 【B4】_following a group of people without dementia. Participants were asked to【B5】_how frequently they
22、engaged in cognitively【B6】_activities. The researchers were looking for such things as reading newspapers, books and magazines, 【B7】_ challenging games like chess, listening to the radio and watching television, and 【B8】_ museums. The good news, as they report in Neurology, is that【B9】_activity of t
23、his sort seems to slow the rate of【B10】_decline in those without cognitive【B11】_. The bad news is that in those who do then develop Alzheimer s disease it is associated with a more rapid【B12】_decline. What seems to be happening is that cognitive stimulation helps【B13】_the effect of theneurodegenerat
24、ive lesions associated with dementia. It does not,【B14】_, make them go away. They continue to【B15】_, so that when the disease does eventually take【B16】_there are more of them around than there otherwise would be, which results in a more【B17】_cognitive fall off. That is not a message of despair, 【B18
25、】_, because the length of time someone suffers from dementia is thus 【B19】_ and their healthy life prolonged. So the message is,【B20】_on with the crosswords.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.tinyB.smallC.dramatic D.enormous解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。根据前文“一股抗衰老的研究热潮正达到顶峰”，可以推知大脑训练游戏是迅速兴起的。因此 Cdramatic“戏剧的，引人注目的”符合文意，为
26、最佳选项。tiny“微小”；small“小的，少的”；enormous“巨大的，庞大的”，强调事物体积的巨大，三项均不符合题意。(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.effective B.affectiveC.efficientD.constructive解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为：不过一天一张字谜游戏到底有多大的_呢?前文阐述了大脑训练游戏迅速兴起，后文介绍了针对游戏效果的实验。据此推知，空格处应该是对于游戏的效果表示怀疑。Aeffective“有效的，起作用的”，符合文意，为最佳选项。affective“情感的”；efficient“有效率的”；constructive
27、“建设性的”，均不符合题意。(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.checkB.figureC.find D.pick解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。前文阐述了一个现象，后文介绍了针对游戏效果的实验。据此可以推知，这些人希望通过研究以查明、探究这个现象。find out 意为“找出，查明”，符合文意。check out 意为“检查，结账离开”；figure out 意为“算出，想出”；pick out 意为“挑选出，辨别出”，均不符合题意。故答案为 Cfind。(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.withB.by C.inD.as解析：解析：考查介词辨析。根据语境可知，后文介绍的是实验研究的方
28、式，故正确答案为 Bby。其他三项均不符合题意。(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.rate B.anticipateC.declareD.assert解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处所在句意为：参与者被要求_自己参加某活动的频繁程度。后文主要阐述了活动的覆盖范围，没有其他实验结果，因此可以推知，此处应该为“要求参与者评价自己参加某活动的频繁程度”，因此 Arate“评价，估计”符合文意，为最佳选项。anticipate“期望，预期”；declare“宣布，声明”；assert“声称，断言”，均不符合题意。(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.sustainingB.transforming
29、C.recedingD.stimulating 解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为：参与者要求对自己参加认知_活动的频繁程度进行评价。后文举例提到“读报、读书玩象棋等游戏”，根据语境可知，这些均为认知激发类的活动，因此 Dstimulating“有激发性的，刺激的”符合文意，为正确选项。sustaining“持续的”：transforming“转变的，转化的”；receding“减弱的”，均不符合题意。(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.settingB.playing C.arrangingD.making解析：解析：考查固定搭配。play chess 意为“玩象棋”，为固定搭配
30、。因此答案为 Bplaying。(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.watchingB.viewingC.sightseeingD.visiting 解析：解析：考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处意为“参观博物馆”，因此 Dvisiting“参观，拜访”符合文意，为正确答案。watching“观看，监视”，多用于观看比赛等；viewing“观察”，含有边看边思考的含义；sightseeing“观光”，多指游览风景，均不符合题意。(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.casualB.successiveC.frequent D.continuous解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。前面提到，“参与者被
31、要求评价自己参加认知激发活动的频繁程度”，并以此来做研究。据此推知，频繁的活动会有某种影响。因此答案为 Cfrequent“频繁的，惯常的”。casual“临时的，偶然的”；successive“接替的，继承的”；continuous“持续的”，均不符合文意。(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.mental B.physicalC.spiritualD.energetic解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，此处意为“智力衰退”，因此 Amental“精神的，脑力的”符合题意，为最佳选项。physical“身体的”；spiritual“心灵的”；energetic“精力旺盛的”，均不
32、符合题意。(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.obstacleB.inclinationC.limitationD.impairment 解析：解析：考查名词辨析。第二段开头介绍：它们的研究对象是一组智力正常的人。据此推知此处指“无认知障碍者”，impairment 意为“伤残，损伤”，cognitive impairment 意为“认知障碍”，符合文意。故答案为 D。obstacle“障碍”，多指具体的妨碍物；inclination“趋势，倾向”；limitation“限度，限制”，三项均不符合题意。(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.consecutiveB.subsequen
33、t C.conservativeD.subservient解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为：坏消息是，认知障碍者如果参加这类活动，在转变为阿茨海默症之后会加速_恶化。Bsubsequent“随后的，后来的”，符合文意，为最佳选项。consecutive“连贯的，连续不断的”；conservative“保守的”；subservient“屈从的，奉承的，有用的”，均不符合题意。(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.meetB.encounterC.overcome D.conduct解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处所在句意为：激发认知神经似乎有助于_痴呆儿神经衰退机能障碍带来的影响
34、。Covercome“克服”，符合文意，为正确选项。meet“遇见，满足”；encounter“邂逅，遭遇”；conduct“管理，引导”，均不符合文意。(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.thereforeB.moreoverC.indeedD.however 解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。空格前阐述：激发认知神经似乎有助于克服痴呆儿神经衰退机能障碍带来的影响。空格后阐述：不能完全治愈这种病症。据此推知，前后为转折关系，故答案为 Dhowever“然而”。其他三项均不符合题意。(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.amassB.accumulate C.collectD.gather解
35、析：解析：考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处强调损害由少到多的积累，因此只有Baccumulate“累积，积聚”符合题意。amass“收集，堆积；积聚(尤指财富)”；collect“收集，募捐”；gather“聚集，集合”，均不符合题意。(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.hold B.careC.chargeD.up解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。take hold 意为“生根，固定下来”；take care 意为“小心，注意”；take charge 意为“掌管，负责”；take up 意为“从事，占用”。根据语境可知，此处指疾病产生，因此只有 take hold 符合文意故选 Ahol
36、d。(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.slightB.mildC.abundantD.rapid 解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。前文提到：当疾病最后开始发作时，带来的损害比原来的更多。据此可以推知，此处应指“更快的认知功能的减退”。因此答案为 Drapid“迅速的”。slight“轻微的”；mild“温和的”；abundant“大量的，丰富的”，均不符合题意。(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.untilB.though C.unlessD.if解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。空格前阐述：当疾病最后开始发作时，带来的损害比原来的更多。空格后阐述：这并不是令人绝望的消息。据此推知，前后为转
37、折关系，因此正确答案为 Bthough“尽管，虽然”。其他三项均不符合题意。(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.reduced B.degradedC.declinedD.increased解析：解析：考查上下文语义及动词辨析。上文提到“这并不是令人绝望的消息”，下文阐述“他们的健康时间延长了”。据此可以推知，痴呆儿的病痛时间会因此“减少”。因此 Areduced“减少，降低”为正确答案。degraded“削减，降级”；decline“下降，衰退”；increase“增加，提高”，均不符合题意。(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.letB.putC.workD.carry 解析：解
38、析：考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，此处表达的意义为“填字游戏应该继续下去”，carry on 意为“继续进行”，符合题意。故正确答案为 D。carry。let on“泄露，假装”；put on“穿上，上演，增加”：work on“对起作用，影响”，均不符合题意。The Earth s daily clock, measured in a single revolution, is twenty-four hours. The human clock,【B1】_, is actually about twenty-five hours. That s 【B2】_ scientists who
39、study sleep have determined from human subjects who live for several weeks in observation chambers with no【B3】_of day or night. Sleep researchers have 【B4】_ other surprising discoveries as well. We spend about one-third of our lives asleep, a fact that suggests sleeping, 【B5】_ eating and breathing,
40、is a fundamental life process. Yet some people almost never sleep, getting by on as 【B6】_ as fifteen minutes a day. And more than seventy years of【B7】_into sleep deprivation, in which people have been kept【B8】_for three to ten days, has 【B9】_ only one certain finding: Sleep loss makes a person sleep
41、y and that s about all; it causes no lasting ill【B10】_. Too much sleep, however, may be【B11】_for you. These findings【B12】_some long-held views of sleep, and they【B13】_questions about its fundamental purpose in our lives. In【B14】_, scientists dont know just why sleep is necessary Some scientists thin
42、k sleep is more the result of evolutionary habit than【B15】_actual need, Animals sleep for some parts of the day perhaps because it is the 【B16】_ thing for them to do: it keeps them【B17】_and hidden from predators; its a survival tactic. Before the advent of electricity, humans had to spend at least s
43、ome of each day in【B18】_and had little reason to question the reason or need for【B19】_. But the development of the electroencephalograph and the resulting discovery in 1937 of dramatic【B20】_in brain activity between sleep and wakefulness opened the way for scientific inquiry in the subject.（分数：40.00
44、）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.however B.otherwiseC.likewiseD.therefore解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。此处句意为“以一次单独的旋转来测量，地球每天的时钟是 24 小时。_，人类的时钟实际大约是 25 小时。”根据上下文的意思以及提示词 actually，可以判断出本句与上句是转折关系。所以，正确答案是 Ahowever。otherwise“否则，不然”，likewise“照样，而且”，therefore“总之，因此”，均不符合题意。(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.theB.what C.becauseD.many解析：解析：考查语法知识。句子的
45、谓语是 is，空格处缺的必然是一个连词或关系词。Bwhat 是关系代词，在从句中作表语，符合题意。what 引导的这个表语从句比较复杂：who study sleep 是定语从句，修饰 scientists；定语从句 who live for several weeksday or night 修饰先行词 humansubjects。故Bwhat 为正确答案。because 是连词，表示原因。其他两项明显不符合题意，故排除。(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.ideaB.feelingC.sense D.judgment解析：解析：考查名词辨析+固定搭配。此处句意为“这些受试者在观察室里住几
46、个星期，_白天和黑夜”。四个选项中可以和 with no_of 搭配的只有 idea 和 sense。idea“念头，想法，主意”，sense“由刺激产生的感觉或知觉”。根据上下文，Csense 符合题意，为正确答案。feeling 多指由感情、情绪或欲望引起的情绪状态，judgment“判断，审判”，均不符合题意，故排除。(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.come up againstB.come down toC.come up with D.come up to解析：解析：考查短语辨析。此处句意为“睡眠研究者们还_了其他令人惊讶的发现”。come up against 指突然或意外碰
47、到困难或反对等，come down to“归结为”，come up with“提出，拿出，发现”，come up to“比得上，达到”。根据意思，Ccome up with 符合题意，为正确答案。(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.withB.like C.unlikeD.as解析：解析：考查介词辨析。空格处的介词体现的是 sleeping 和 eating and breathing 的关系。从上下文得知“睡眠是最重要的生命过程”。根据我们的常识，吃饭、呼吸和睡眠一样重要。故 Blike 符合题意，为正确答案。with“和，跟；随着；关于”，unlike“不像”，as“作为，以的身份”，均不符合题意。(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.little B.muchC.fewD.long解析：解析：考查上下文语义。此处句意为“然而一些人几乎从来不睡觉，一天_15 分钟就可以了”。根据前文的提示 almost never sleep，我们可直接选出正确答案 Alittle。其他三项均不符合题意，故排除。(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.probeB.investigationC.resea
