1、考研英语（完形填空）模拟试卷 151 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_For most people Britains bouncing economy, now growing at its fastest for thr
2、ee years, is cause for cheer. Not,【C1】_for those who manage the countrys electricity power system. For them【C2】_growth means faster progress towards a critical situation. Ofgem, the energy regulator, has long【C3】_that the margin between peak electricity demand and【C4】_supply is falling. In June it s
3、aid the margin would【C5】_from 14% in 2014 to just 4% in the winter of 2018, increasing the risk of blackouts【C6】_the weather turn cold or a power station or two【C7】_. Since that report Britains economy has grown fast. Ofgems assessment【C8】_that Britain would grow by about 1.6% in 2017. The Bank of E
4、ngland now【C9】_2.8% growth. This will【C10】_consumption. Over the past decade an increase in peak electricity demand of 0.5%【C11】_each additional percentage point of economic growth. John Feddersen of Aurora Energy Research thinks the capacity margin will therefore【C12】_to 2.6% by 2018 unless action
5、is taken. That【C13】_into a one-in-seven chance of shortages, up from the one-in-twelve chance【C14】_was thought most likely last summer. Falling coal prices have kept Britains coal-fired power stations running at full【C15】_. That means many will have to close sooner than was【C16】_because European env
6、ironmental laws【C17】_the total number of operating hours left to them. At the same time cheap coal has made electricity from gas uncompetitive,【C18】_operators to put some gas-fired plants into long-term【C19】_. Renewable capacity cannot yet make up the【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.thereforeB.li
7、kewiseC.otherwiseD.however(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.moderateB.swiftC.abruptD.slow(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.deniedB.doubtedC.warnedD.evaded(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.eligibleB.considerableC.availableD.affluent(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.shrinkB.shiverC.strikeD.stumble(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A
8、.turn downB.turn upC.break offD.break down(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.achievedB.assumedC.approvedD.afforded(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.witnessesB.expectsC.enjoysD.composes(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.push backB.push downC.push upD.push toward(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.inducedB.accompaniedC.deducedD.facilitated(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.
9、sinkB.stickC.ascendD.expand(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.crashesB.looksC.aggravatesD.translates(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.whoB.asC.thatD.whom(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.costB.blastC.meanD.purpose(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.mtimidatedB.anticipatedC.constrainedD.negotiated(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.doubleB.multiplyC.raiseD.limit(18).【C
10、18】（分数：2.00）A.forcingB.enablingC.allowingD.qualifying(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.operationB.serviceC.storageD.practice(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.advantageB.differenceC.varietyD.similarityEating healthily costs about $1.50 more per person daily, according to the most thorough review yet of the affordability of a
11、healthy diet. “For many low-income families, an【C1】_$1.50 daily is quite a lot,“ says Mayuree Rao, “It【C2】_to about $550 more per year per person, and that could be a real【C3】_to healthy eating.“ Rao and her colleagues reached their【C4】_after analysing 27 studies from 10 high-income countries, compa
12、ring price【C5】_for healthy versus unhealthy ingredients and diets.【C6】_one study compared the cost of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables versus one that was【C7】_in them. Another compared prices of【C8】_healthy and less healthy items, such as wholegrain versus white bread. Individual items were【C9】_m
13、atched in price. Meats【C10】_the largest difference: healthier options cost an average of 29 cents per serving more than unhealthy options. 【C11】_this, comparisons of whole diets showed that healthier diets cost averagely $1.48 more per day. This shows that comparisons based on single ingredients don
14、t tell the full【C12】_. “It tells us that,【C13】_, it doesnt cost more to eat healthier based on one nutrient,“ says Rao. “But theres growing evidence that the【C14】_of foods in your diet【C15】_your disease risk more than any single nutrient, so we think our【C16】_finding that healthier diets cost about
15、$1.50 more has the most public health【C17】_.“ As to why healthier food has become more【C18】_Rao says that it may be because the food industry organizes itself and the types of food it produces to【C19】_its own economies of scale,【C20】_than whats best for consumers.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.availab
16、leB.adequateC.extraD.economical(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.magnifiesB.translatesC.comparesD.illustrates(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.barrierB.bargainC.fortuneD.benefit(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.standardsB.destinationsC.conclusionsD.conditions(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.regulationsB.referencesC.competitionsD.data(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.In ge
17、neralB.For exampleC.In sumD.Above all(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.deficientB.sufficientC.efficientD.proficient(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.specificB.generalC.complexD.artificial(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.barelyB.closelyC.slightlyD.perfectly(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.existedB.hadC.sawD.included(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.GivenB.WithC.SinceD
18、.Despite(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.realityB.analysisC.resultD.story(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.on occasionB.in detailC.on averageD.in addition(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.combinationB.componentC.complementD.competition(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.imposesB.impartsC.impactsD.impairs(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.additionalB.centralC.obviou
19、sD.cautious(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.strategyB.relevanceC.tendencyD.suggestion(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.expensiveB.popularC.affordableD.superior(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.caterB.adoptC.proposeD.suit(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.moreB.ratherC.betterD.faster考研英语（完形填空）模拟试卷 151 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分
20、数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：For most people Britains bouncing economy, now growing at its fastest for three years, is cause for cheer. Not,【C1】_for those who manage the cou
21、ntrys electricity power system. For them【C2】_growth means faster progress towards a critical situation. Ofgem, the energy regulator, has long【C3】_that the margin between peak electricity demand and【C4】_supply is falling. In June it said the margin would【C5】_from 14% in 2014 to just 4% in the winter
22、of 2018, increasing the risk of blackouts【C6】_the weather turn cold or a power station or two【C7】_. Since that report Britains economy has grown fast. Ofgems assessment【C8】_that Britain would grow by about 1.6% in 2017. The Bank of England now【C9】_2.8% growth. This will【C10】_consumption. Over the pa
23、st decade an increase in peak electricity demand of 0.5%【C11】_each additional percentage point of economic growth. John Feddersen of Aurora Energy Research thinks the capacity margin will therefore【C12】_to 2.6% by 2018 unless action is taken. That【C13】_into a one-in-seven chance of shortages, up fro
24、m the one-in-twelve chance【C14】_was thought most likely last summer. Falling coal prices have kept Britains coal-fired power stations running at full【C15】_. That means many will have to close sooner than was【C16】_because European environmental laws【C17】_the total number of operating hours left to th
25、em. At the same time cheap coal has made electricity from gas uncompetitive,【C18】_operators to put some gas-fired plants into long-term【C19】_. Renewable capacity cannot yet make up the【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.thereforeB.likewiseC.otherwiseD.however 解析：解析：空格前面用否定副词 not 引出与文章第 1 句语义相反的句子，起到
26、强调对比的作用。所以空格处应选择用于引出前后对比的副词作插入语，故选 D 项 however“然而”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.moderateB.swift C.abruptD.slow解析：解析：空格处需用形容词限定后面的 growth“经济的增长”，文章的第 1 句指出英国的经济growing at its fastest，从这两处可推断空格处应选择与 fast 同义的形容词，B 项 swift“快的，迅速的”符合语境。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.deniedB.doubtedC.warned D.evaded解析：解析：空格上一句提到 towards a crit
27、ical situation，下一句说到 increasing the risk，这些都与危急的状况和风险的可能性有关，而且文章第 2 句也提到管理国家电力系统的人并不认为经济的快速发展是件值得欢呼的事，故选 C 项 warned“警告”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.eligibleB.considerableC.available D.affluent解析：解析：空格所在句用到 peak 来修饰电力需求，暗示电力需求量大，下一句提到供求之间的差额减小，导致停电风险增加，据此可判断这里应指可用的电力供应跟不上实际的用电需求，所以选 C 项available“可利用的”。(5).【C5
28、】（分数：2.00）A.shrink B.shiverC.strikeD.stumble解析：解析：判断此空的依据是后面的百分比数值变化：from 14to4，据此我们需选择一个能表示数值变小的动词。故选 A 项 shrink“缩小”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.wouldB.should C.couldD.might解析：解析：空格所在句 it said 后面的宾语从句中的主句用情态动词 would，并提到年份 2018，可判断句中表述的是对未来的猜测，所以空格处应选能表示对于将来的假设，并具有倒装用法的情态动词，B 项should 符合要求，相当于 if the weather
29、should turn cold。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.turn downB.turn upC.break offD.break down 解析：解析：空格的 or 连接两个并列的假设条件，前一种假设条件是天气转冷，从而加大供电负荷，导致停电的风险增大，由此可推断另一种假设条件应该是同样会导致停电风险增大的电站问题，故选 D 项break down“出故障”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.achievedB.assumed C.approvedD.afforded解析：解析：文章的首段从第 4 句开始提到了能源监管机构对英国未来经济快速发展给电力供应造成压力的分析预测，
30、空格前面用 assessment“评估”，后面是英国在 2017 年的增长速度，可推断 Ofgem 是在经过分析评估后提出对英国经济发展速度的“预测”，故选 B 项 assumed“假设，认为”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.witnessesB.expects C.enjoysD.composes解析：解析：此段首句提到英国经济发展迅速，空格上一句用到过去式提及 Ofgem 曾对英国经济发展速度的预测(grow by16)，空格所在句用到 now28 growth，可推断这里是英格兰银行现在的预测，所以选 B 项 expects“期望，预料”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A
31、.push backB.push downC.push up D.push toward解析：解析：文章一开始就说英国经济在快速增长，第 4 句提到 Ofgem 预测在经济增长的前提下高峰电力需求和可用供电量之间的差额会下降，也就是说，经济增长会推动需求，即消费的增长，所以空格处选 C项 push up“消费”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.inducedB.accompanied C.deducedD.facilitated解析：解析：该空所在句用具体数据佐证上一句的观点。上一句主语 This 指代前文说的经济增长，宾语是 consumption，而空格所在句的主语部分含 dem
32、and 一词，宾语是 economic growth，从这两句的逻辑关系和各自主宾的位置关系来判断，应选 B 项 accompanied“伴随”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.sink B.stickC.ascendD.expand解析：解析：文章第 1 段第 4 句提到 margin betweendemand andsupply is falling，空格所在句的主语是 capacity margin“电力差额”，与之相呼应，根据上文的语义逻辑，此处应选 A 项sink，与上文的 falling 语义相近。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.crashesB.looksC
33、.aggravatesD.translates 解析：解析：空格所在句的主语 That 指代上一句 capacity margin 发生的变化，空格后面的介宾短语的大意为“转化成短缺的几率”，所以空格处需填入表“转化”的动词，故选 D 项 translates“转化”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.whoB.asC.that D.whom解析：解析：该空需填入关系代词作引导词，引导定语从句，分析从句的语法结构可知该关系代词在从句中充当主语，指代前面的 chance，故选 C 项 that。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.costB.blast C.meanD.purpos
34、e解析：解析：分析空格所在句可知，燃料成本下降促使燃煤发电厂运行加快，空格处需填入名词与 at full 组成习惯搭配，表示“快速发展”之意，故选 B 项 blast，at full blast 意为“以最大功率”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.mtimidatedB.anticipated C.constrainedD.negotiated解析：解析：空格上一句先用完成式 have keptrunning 说明燃煤发电厂快速发展的现状，空格下文又用 because 提到欧洲的环保法，后文还提到 renewable capacity，由此可推断出于环保的考虑，那些原本快速发展的燃煤
35、发电厂将会比预期中更早关闭。故选 B 项 anticipated“预期”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.doubleB.multiplyC.raiseD.limit 解析：解析：根据文中的关键表达 environmental laws，electricity from gas 和 renewable capacity，可推断欧洲环保法会对煤炭这种不可再生能源的开发利用进行限制，所以选 D 项 limit“限制”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.forcing B.enablingC.allowingD.qualifying解析：解析：空格前提到“廉价煤炭使天然气发电处于竞
36、争的劣势”，因此推断运营商不得不采取相应的措施，故选 A 项 forcing“迫使”。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.operationB.serviceC.storage D.practice解析：解析：空格上文提到煤炭发电具有价格上的绝对优势，运营商从降低成本的角度出发，优先发展煤炭发电，而天然气发电无法与煤炭发电竞争，只能滞后，而空格前面用到了 putinto long-term结构，据此可推断应选 C 项 storage“储存”，putinto long-term storage 表示“把长期储存不用”。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.advantageB.diff
37、erence C.varietyD.similarity解析：解析：本文的主题是“电力的需求和供给的差额在缩小，停电风险在增大”。本段空格前提到，受欧洲环保法的影响，煤炭发电厂将很快关闭，结合主题推断，可再生能源发电也不能弥补这种差距，故选B 项 difference“差距”。Eating healthily costs about $1.50 more per person daily, according to the most thorough review yet of the affordability of a healthy diet. “For many low-income
38、families, an【C1】_$1.50 daily is quite a lot,“ says Mayuree Rao, “It【C2】_to about $550 more per year per person, and that could be a real【C3】_to healthy eating.“ Rao and her colleagues reached their【C4】_after analysing 27 studies from 10 high-income countries, comparing price【C5】_for healthy versus u
39、nhealthy ingredients and diets.【C6】_one study compared the cost of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables versus one that was【C7】_in them. Another compared prices of【C8】_healthy and less healthy items, such as wholegrain versus white bread. Individual items were【C9】_matched in price. Meats【C10】_the lar
40、gest difference: healthier options cost an average of 29 cents per serving more than unhealthy options. 【C11】_this, comparisons of whole diets showed that healthier diets cost averagely $1.48 more per day. This shows that comparisons based on single ingredients dont tell the full【C12】_. “It tells us
41、 that,【C13】_, it doesnt cost more to eat healthier based on one nutrient,“ says Rao. “But theres growing evidence that the【C14】_of foods in your diet【C15】_your disease risk more than any single nutrient, so we think our【C16】_finding that healthier diets cost about $1.50 more has the most public heal
42、th【C17】_.“ As to why healthier food has become more【C18】_Rao says that it may be because the food industry organizes itself and the types of food it produces to【C19】_its own economies of scale,【C20】_than whats best for consumers.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.availableB.adequateC.extra D.economical解析：
43、解析：文章第 1 句话提到$150 more“多花 150 美元”，据此空格处应选与 more 意思接近的形容词，修饰$150，C 项 extra“额外的”符合要求。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.magnifiesB.translates C.comparesD.illustrates解析：解析：空格前面的主语 it 指代上文的$150 more per person daily，空格后面是$550 more per year per person，即从每天多花的量推算出每年多花的量，据此空格处需填入表“转化”的词，B 项translates“转化”符合语义要求。(3).【C3】（分数
44、：2.00）A.barrier B.bargainC.fortuneD.benefit解析：解析：文章一开始提出要做到饮食健康每人每天大约要多花 150 美元，第 2 段针对 low-income families 分析到这些多花的钱累加起来是一个不小的数目(quite a lot)，据此可推断按每年计算，这笔多花的钱可能会影响或妨碍到人们的健康饮食，故选 A 项 barrier“障碍”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.standardsB.destinationsC.conclusions D.conditions解析：解析：根据常识，对调查研究分析得出的自然是“结论”，所以此处选 C
45、 项 conclusions“结论”，reach the conclusions 意为“得出结论”。conditions“达到条件”均与“分析调查”没有语义关联，故 A、B、D 都排除。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.regulationsB.referencesC.competitionsD.data 解析：解析：空格上文用$150 说明了人均每天在健康饮食上多花的金额空格所在句又提到在 10 个国家进行了 27 项调查，对比健康和不健康的食品成分和饮食的价格，这些都是对事实数据的收集、比较、分析，从而得出结论，故选 D 项 data“数据”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.In
46、 generalB.For example C.In sumD.Above all解析：解析：上文提到，研究人员分析比较了 27 项调查中健康与不健康食品成分和饮食的价格，空格所在句提到 one study，下一句则说 Another，由此可推断空格所在句是对上一句的举例说明，所以 B 项 For example 为正确答案。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.deficient B.sufficientC.efficientD.proficient解析：解析：versus 通常用于对比两种相对的情况，文中前一种情况是 a diet rich in fruit and vegetables，
47、后一种情况用 onein them 与之对比，故推断空格处应选与 rich 相反的词，A 项deficient“缺乏的”符合要求。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.specific B.generalC.complexD.artificial解析：解析：空格下文用 such as whole grain versus white bread 这一具体例子说明健康食品和次健康食品的比较，所以可推断空格处选 A 项 specific“具体的”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.barelyB.closely C.slightlyD.perfectly解析：解析：上文提到，有的研究对单个的健康和次健康食品进行了价格上的比较，下文接着说肉类的价格差别最大平均相差 29 美分，换言之，即便差别最大的肉类也仅相差 29 美分，即单一食品的价格差距很小，据此空格处选 B 项 closely“相近地”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.existedB.hadC.saw D.included解析：解析：此处需填入动词作谓语。该句用物作主语(肉类)，宾语是陈述的事实(最大的差别)，可推断空格处选 C 项 saw“见证了”，即用拟人的手法形
