1、中国社会科学院真题 2011年 3月及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.Long treatment of the elderly drains funds from the health needs of other groups and from urgent social problems.A. restrains B. detains C. soars D. exhausts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Cancer cells dest
2、roy not only all rival cells, in their ruthless biological warfare, but also destroy the larger organizationthe body itselfsigning their own suicide warrant.A. refined B. random C. merciless D. perpetual（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The report also examined the overall effectiveness of the 43-day bombing campa
3、ign carried out by coalition forces and Congress released a brief synopsis to the public.A. compendium B. bibliography C. addendum D. postscript（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.All that may come to my knowledge in the exercise of my profession or in daily commerce with men, which ought not to be spread abroad, I
4、will keep secret and will never reveal.A. business B. exchange C. wedlock D. contact（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.With the awfully limited vocabulary to only a thousand words or fewer, the reader resembles a color blind artist who is only aware of a few colors and consequently his ability to create on canvas i
5、s lamentably restricted.A. auspiciously B. deplorably C. suspiciously D. disbelievingly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The epic is possible because America is an idea as much as it is a country. America has nothing to do with allegiance to a dynasty and very little to do with allegiance to a particular place, bu
6、t everything to do with allegiance to a set of principles.A. conviction B. loyalty C. conversion D. component（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.After a few short but interminable seconds, U. S. Astronaut Neil Armstrong placed his foot firmly on the fine-grained surface of the moon. The time was 10 56 pm, July 20,19
7、69.A. inseparable B. fast C. indelible D. long（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Hopelessly entrapped in the two-year tangle of his own deceit, forced into a confession of past lies, he watched the support of his most loyal defenders collapse in a political maelstrom, driven by their bitterness over the realization
8、 that he had betrayed their trust.A. probe B. confusion C. finding D. potential（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Although this could be seen as a strength because it allows flexibility, it can also be argued that it invalidates the theory; in this case several peoples rights must be relinquished to reach a conclus
9、ion.A. given up B. put off C. thought of D. held on（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.War is the social cancer of mankind. It is a pernicious form of ignorance, for it destroys not only its “enemies“, but also the whole superstructure of what it is a partand thus eventually it defeats itself.A. baneful B. optimal
10、C. paradoxical D. perilous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、Section B(总题数：10，分数：10.00)11.In this great global clash of interests, it is time for both sides to soften their anger and seek new ways to get along with each other. If sanity is to prevail, the guiding policy must not be _ but cooperation and conservatio
11、n.A. confrontation B. reconciliation C. ration D. resumption（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Looking ahead, the computer industry sees pure gold. Estimates for the number of personal computers in use by the end of the century run as high as 80 million. Then there are all the _ industries: desks to hold computers
12、, luggage to carry them, cleansers to polish them.A. concessionary B. feasible C. hypothetical D. auxiliary（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.In North Dakota, which had barely an inch of rain in four months, there was no grass for cattle. Farmers tramped their dusty fields, watching their dwarfed stand of grain sh
13、rivel and _.A. survive B. wail C. perish D. swell（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.As most new buyers soon learn, it is not that easy for a novice to use, particularly when the manuals contain instructions like this _ from Apple: “This character prevents script from terminating the currently forming output line w
14、hen it encounters the script command in the input stream. “A. excerpt B. manipulation C. retrieval D. reminder（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Eventually the old brutal arrangement was _ by the laws of the state, which undertook to end the freelance savageries of personal revenge by meting out justice uncomplica
15、ted by private passion.A. superseded B. revised C. permeated D. imposed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.Rights and obligations are _; an obligation flows from a right, and this provides clarity in action. For example if it can be agreed that the patient has a right to confidentiality, then it is clear that the d
16、octor has a duty not to breach this.A. correlative B. extraneous C. irrelevant D. compatible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.Finally this theory is widely understood and accepted the world over, i.e. it has a _; and is therefore a good basis for discussion of an ethical problem.A. particularity B. unilateralism
17、C. commonality D. cosmopolitan（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.In New Orleans, meanwhile, the dredging of channels has _ huge amounts of marshland.A. compromised B. proliferated C. produced D. modified（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.As a professional doctor, I will prescribe _ for the good of my patients according to my abi
18、lity and my judgment and never do harm to anyone.A. regimen B. equity C. requisite D. regime（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.It is often the children who truly lead the elders into America, the sons who take their fathers to their first baseball game or shepherd them to their first rock concert or give them a re
19、al sense that they _ Americas future.A. have an impact on B. have a facility forC. have a grasp of D. have a stake in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、Part Grammar(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Section A(总题数：10，分数：10.00)21.In another institute study, 35% of U. S. employees said they had health care responsibilities during the l
20、ast year. It can be episodic, unpredictable and very _.A. stressing B. stressed C. stressful D. stress（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22._ it is generally agreed that sex-role stereotyping contributes to narrowly defined expectations about human potential, limited career options for males and females, and mixed me
21、ssages about the world which contradict daily life experience, the social costs of such stereotyping have not been fully explored in the educational arena.A. As B. If C. White D. Unless（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.On the other hand, _ very deep pockets, the administration would not be concerned in the least
22、about the cost of their lawyers. If fully _, the corporate lawyers could file enough motions, take enough depositions, and pursue every possible appeal, to the point that you, quite literally, could litigate yourself into bankruptcy.A. having/unleashed B. had/unleashedC. having/unleashing D. had/unl
23、eashing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.While we need to show young women how to protect themselves, these findings also demonstrate strongly that we need to help young men reject a culture that tells them relationships are based on showing power _ others and that, as males, they need to prove their masculinity,
24、 _ exercising this type of power.A. against/for B. on/with C. to/in D. over/by（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25._ schools are a microcosm of society at large, it is important to examine the ways in which educational environments may foster and perpetuate a tolerance of gender based stereotyping and violence.A. In
25、 that B. As long as C. For that D. Even though（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26._, a product should have beauty of line, color, proportion, and texture; high efficiency and safety of operation; convenience or comfort in use; ease of maintenance and repair, durability; and expression of function in terms of form.A
26、. Under a large quantity of prevailing criteria of designB. By a large sum of severe criterion set by the associationC. According to a large amount of the industrial criteriaD. With a number of ultimate criterion laid down by the union（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.That was a man-made disaster that clearly _ i
27、f the federal government, specifically the Federal Emergency Management Agency, had quickly marshaled the political resources to evacuate those without access to cars, instead of promoting on its Web site a faith-based charity that was clearly no match for the problem.A. could have been averted B. s
28、hould have just avertedC. would have not really averted D. could have not averted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.The police had decided not to proceed with a prosecution against Irwin, _ that it was highly unlikely that any jury in the land would wish to punish him for doing this mercy killing.A. since they had
29、 clearly recognized B. clearly recognizingC. clearly being recognized D. clearly having recognized（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.Opponents of legalization often argue that inside the breast of all doctors, both sides of the argument agree, beats the heart of a Mengele _.A. for whom patients must be protectedB.
30、 against whom patients must be protectedC. against whom patients must protect themselvesD. for whom patients must be being protected（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.It hardly needs _ that being alive is one of the prerequisites for enjoying the freedom that Americans value so much.A. to mention B. mentionC. ment
31、ioning D. being mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section B(总题数：10，分数：10.00)31.In the same way, children learning to do all the other things they learn to do without being taughtto walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicyclecompare their own performances with that of more skilled people, and slowly make the
32、 needed changes.A. they learn to doB. with thatC. more skilledD. the needed changes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.32.Human-centered, or anthropocentric, views favor an instrumental view of the natural world and value it only as a means to human ends. Such views place great value and trust in science and technolog
33、y, believing that the powers of control over nature conferred by them are non-problematical and that ongoing technical development will be crucial to ensure a world bereft of poverty, drudgery and disease etc.A. favor an instrumentalB. a means to human endsC. conferred by themD. will be crucial to e
34、nsure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.33.Ones thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy; ones past is a gradually increasing weight. It is easy to think for oneself that ones emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and ones mind m
35、ore keen.A. to things about whichB. a gradually increasing weightC. think for oneselfD. ones mind more keen（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.Culture in general is concerned with beliefs and values on the basis of that people interpret experiences and behave, individually and in groups. Broadly and simply put, “cu
36、lture“ refers to a group or community with which you share common experiences that shape the way you understand the world.A. is concerned withB. on the basis of thatC. Broadly and simply putD. with which（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.35.Since the nineteenth century became the twentieth, Black bands were being hea
37、rd more and more on the streets of New Orleans. Included in the crowd of listeners who followed them were black youngsters such as Louis Armstrong. Soon there were white bands trying to copy this Black style of playing.A. SinceB. were being heardC. Included in the crowdD. were（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.36.And
38、 while the medical community generally supports the guiding principle of the current policythat organ donation should be an act of giving, without monetary incentives of any kindthe American Society of Transplant Surgeons has endorsed the idea of a pilot program that would partially reimburse surviv
39、ing funeral expenses of individuals who allow their organs to take after death.A. whileB. act of givingC. that wouldD. to take（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.37.To please no one I will prescribe a deadly drug, nor give advice which may cause his death. Nor will I give a woman a pessary to procure abortion. But I w
40、ill preserve the purity of my life and my art.A. I will prescribeB. nor give adviceC. Nor will ID. a woman a pessary（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.38.Given the already documented incidence of abuse and violence in adolescents lives, the avoidance of these issues reinforces the message that such matters are privat
41、e and individual rather than socially based. This attitude only serves to cover up the extent of abuse and perpetuate the shame that such silence promotes.A. GivenB. in adolescentsC. such matters areD. to cover up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.39.Such changes, combined with the erosion of the areas barrier island
42、s, and the Bush administrations policy of opening up more wetlands to development, weakened the natural frontline defense against a hurricane storm surge and leave the city more vulnerable to death and destruction.A. combined withB. the areasC. opening upD. and leave（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.40.Older persons
43、 typically exhibit greater experience-based knowledge, increased accuracy, better judgment, and generally improved ability to handle familiar tasks than younger persons. Such applied knowledge, or wisdom, may in fact be considerably more important to ones ability to accomplish most tasks of day-to-d
44、ay life than were the abstract abilities tapped by intelligence tests.A. increased accuracyB. than younger personsC. or wisdomD. than were（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：7.50)The principle of the social character of the school as the basic factor in the mor
45、al education given may be also applied to the question of methods of instruction, not in their details, but in their general spirit. The emphasis then fells upon instruction and giving out, rather than upon absorption and mere learning. We fail to recognize how essentially individualistic the latter
46、 methods are, and how unconsciously, yet certainly and effectively, they react into the childs ways of judging and of acting. Imagine forty children all engaged in reading the same books, and in preparing and reciting the same lessons day after day. Suppose this process constitutes by far the larger
47、 part of their work, and that they are continually judged from the standpoint of what they are able to take in a study hour and reproduce in a recitation hour. There is next to no opportunity for any social division of labor. There is no opportunity for each child to work out something specifically
48、his own, which he may contribute to the common stock, while he participates in the productions of others. All are set to do exactly the same work and turn out the same products. The social spirit is not cultivated, in fact, in so far as the purely individualistic method gets in its work, it atrophie
49、s for lack of use. The child is born with a natural desire to give out, to do, to serve. When this tendency is not used, when conditions are such that other motives are substituted, the accumulation of an influence working against the social spirit is much larger than we have any idea of, especially when the burden of work, week after week, and year after year, falls upon this side.But lack of cultivation of the social spirit is not all. Positively individual
