1、同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语真题 2004年及答案解析(总分：95.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPaper One/B(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.Hague was elected as the Conservative Party leader partly because of his ambiguous views on Britains position in relation to its partners in the European Union.（分数：0.50）A.ambitiousB.obscureC.appallingD.indifferent2.Her s
2、tory shows how gentle stubbornness and an indifference to honors and fame can lead to great achievements.（分数：0.50）A.persuasionB.determinationC.devotionD.reservation3.We have a responsibility to ensure our nations continued prosperity and the most sensible way to do this is by investment in basic sci
3、entific research.（分数：0.50）A.effectiveB.efficientC.significantD.reasonable4.All information reported to or likewise obtained by the commission is considered confidential.（分数：0.50）A.in a similar wayB.in another wayC.in a direct wayD.in an unauthorized way5.I would recommend this inn highly on account
4、of its wonderful location.（分数：0.50）A.as a result ofB.because ofC.with regard toD.with a view to6.Television advertisements do more than merely reflect dominant ideologies.（分数：0.50）A.exactlyB.faithfullyC.repeatedlyD.simply7.The legislative provision has a great impact on the operations of the departm
5、ent.（分数：0.50）A.lawB.passageC.revisionD.clause8.In spite of a problem with the faulty equipment, some very useful work was accomplished.（分数：0.50）A.imperfectB.temporaryC.emergencyD.reinstalled9.Talks on climate change resumed in the German city of Bonn on July 16 to combat global warming.（分数：0.50）A.fo
6、cus onB.settle downC.fight againstD.sum up10.Bob believes that the invasion of the marketplace into the university is undermining fundamental academic values, and that we must act now to halt this decline.（分数：0.50）A.laceB.plugC.ceaseD.digest二、BSection B/B(总题数：10，分数：5.00)11.The local people could har
7、dly think of any good way to _ poverty they had endured.（分数：0.50）A.shake offB.ward offC.put offD.take off12.The three branches of government-the legislative, the executive, and the_ -restrain and stabilize one another through their separated functions.（分数：0.50）A.lawfulB.justC.judicialD.legal13.From
8、observers estimates of the brightness of the fireball, he _ that the body in the space was between 40 feet and 260 feet in diameter.（分数：0.50）A.deducedB.reducedC.inducedD.produced14.They provide a means of keeping _ of the thousands of journal papers that are published monthly or quarterly.（分数：0.50）A
9、.trackB.contactC.relationD.steps15.You can use the Course Calendar to help _ your students of important dates in the course, such as test dates.（分数：0.50）A.warnB.remindC.convinceD.deprive16.Among picture books for 4-8-year-olds, several outstanding works appeared that combined original stories with _
10、 illustrations.（分数：0.50）A.imaginableB.imaginativeC.imagingD.imageless17.A survey of more than 1,000 philosophers, teachers and students by the authoritative Philosophers Magazine placed Charles Darwins The Origin of _ as the third most important work.（分数：0.50）A.SpermsB.SpeciesC.SpectrumsD.Specimens1
11、8.As skies fill with millions of migrating birds, European scientists say the seasonal miracle appears to depend on a seeming _ :The fatter the bird, the more efficiently it flies.（分数：0.50）A.interruptionB.descriptionC.qualificationD.contradiction19.The party leader justified his subsequent reelectio
12、n _ that he had brought political stability and economic development to his country.（分数：0.50）A.in the wayB.by no meansC.on the groundsD.to the extent20.A leading British scholar has proposed translating Shakespeare into contemporary English _ young audiences who are confused by jokes which are 400 y
13、ears out of date.（分数：0.50）A.in memory ofB.at the cost ofC.on behalf ofD.for the benefit of三、BPart Reading (总题数：5，分数：25.00)BPassage One/BMy surprise over the past few winters has been the personality transformation my parents go through around mid-December as they change from Dad and Mom into Grandpa
14、 and Grandma. Yes, they become grandparents and are completely different from the people I know the other eleven and a half months of the year.The first sign of my parents change is the delight they take in visiting toy and childrens clothing stores. These two people, who usually dislike anything ha
15、ving to do with shopping malls, become crazy consumers. While they tell me to budget my money and shop wisely, they are buying up every doll and dump truck in sight. And this is only the beginning of the holidays!When my brothers children arrive, Grandpa and Grandma come into full form. First they t
16、hrow out all ideas about a balanced diet for the grandkids. While we were raised in a house where everyone had to take two bites of corn, beets (甜菜) , or liver (foods that appeared quite often on our table despite constant complaining), the grandchildren never have to eat anything that does not appe
17、al to them. Grandma carries chocolate in her pockets to bribe (贿赂) the littlest ones into following her around the house, while Grandpa offers “surprises“ of candy and cake to them all day long. Boxes of chocolate-pie disappear while the whole-wheat bread get hard and stale. The kids love all the sw
18、eets, and when the sugar raises their energy levels, Grandma and Grandpa can always decide to leave and do a bit more shopping or go to bed while my brother and sister-in-law try to deal with their highly active kids.Once the grandchildren have arrived, Grandma and Grandpa also seem to forget all of
19、 the responsibility lectures I so often hear in my daily life. If Mickey screams at his sister during dinner, he is “developing his own personality“; if Nancy breaks Grandmas mirror, she is “just a curious child“. But, if I track mud into the house while helping to unload groceries, I become “carele
20、ss“; if I scold one of the grandkids for tearing pages out of my textbook, I am“ impatient“. If Paula talks back to her mother, Grandma and Grandpa smile at her spirit. If I say one word about all of this excessive love, Mom and Dad reappear to have a talk with me about petty jealousies.（分数：5.00）(1)
21、.As regards his parents shopping for the grandchildren, the author _（分数：1.00）A.feels jealousB.feels amazedC.thinks it unnecessaryD.thinks it annoying(2).What happens after the kids have had all the sweets?（分数：1.00）A.They get highly energetic.B.They quiet down.C.They want more sweets.D.They go to bed
22、.(3).Which of the following is NOT true of the visiting children?（分数：1.00）A.They behave very well.B.They like chocolate very much.C.They receive toys from their grandparents.D.They are having a lot of fun.(4).It can be inferred from the passage that when the author was a child, he _（分数：1.00）A.liked
23、the foods he hadB.got a lot of pocket moneyC.was spoiled by his parentsD.was scolded if he misbehaved(5).“Personality transformation“ in the authors parents means that they _（分数：1.00）A.have turned into loving parentsB.have become strict parentsC.no longer care for the authorD.used to believe in disc
24、ipline for childrenBPassage Two/BChildren live in a world in which science has tremendous importance. During their lifetimes it will affect them more and more. In time, many of them will work at jobs that depend heavily on science-for example, concerning energy sources, pollution control, highway sa
25、fety, wilderness conservation, and population growth. As taxpayers they will pay for scientific research and exploration. And, as consumers, they will be bombarded (受到轰击) by advertising, much of which is said to be based on science.Therefore, it is important that children, the citizens of the future
26、, become functionally acquainted with science-with the process and spirit of science, as well as with its facts and principles. Fortunately, science has a natural appeal for youngsters. They can relate it to so many things that they encounter-flashlights, tools, echoes, and rainbows.Besides; science
27、 is an excellent medium for teaching far more than content. It can help pupils learn to think logically, to organize and analyse ideas. It can provide practice in communication skills and mathematics. In fact, there is no area of the curriculum to which science cannot contribute, whether it is geogr
28、aphy, history, language arts, music, or art!Above all, good science teaching leads to what might be called a “scientific attitude“. Those who possess it seek answers through observing, experimenting, and reasoning, rather than blindly accepting the pronouncements of others. They weigh evidence caref
29、ully and reach conclusions with caution. While respecting the opinions of others, they expect honesty, accuracy, and objectivity and are on guard against hasty judgments and sweeping generalizations. All children should be developing this approach to solving problems, but it cannot be expected to ap
30、pear automatically with the mere acquisition of information. Continual practice, through guided participation, is needed.（分数：5.00）(1).One of the reasons why science is important for children is that many of them will _（分数：1.00）A.work in scientific research institutionsB.work at jobs closely related
31、to scienceC.make the final decision in matters concerning scienceD.be fund-raisers for scientific research and exploration(2).There is no doubt that children like learning science because _（分数：1.00）A.science is linked with many of the things they meetB.science is a very easy subject for them to lear
32、nC.they encounter the facts and principles of science dailyD.they are familiar with the process and spirit of science(3).Pupils can learn logical thinking while _（分数：1.00）A.practicing communication skillsB.studying geographyC.taking art coursesD.learning science(4).People with a scientific attitude
33、_（分数：1.00）A.are ready to accept the pronouncements of othersB.tend to reach conclusions with certaintyC.are aware that others are likely to make hasty judgmentsD.seek truth through observation, experimentation and reasoning(5).In the passage the writer seems to _（分数：1.00）A.prove that science is a su
34、ccessful course in schoolB.point out that science as a course is now poorly taught in schoolC.suggest that science should be included in the school curriculumD.predict that children who learn science will be good scientistsBPassage Three/BThe average number of authors on scientific papers is sky-roc
35、keting. Thats partly because labs are bigger, problems are more complicated, and more different subspecialties are needed. But its also because U.S. government agencies have started to promote “team science“. As physics developed in the post-World War II era, federal funds built expensive national f
36、acilities, and these served as surfaces on which collaborations could crystallize naturally.Yet multiple authorshiphowever good it may be in other ways-presents problems for journals and for the institutions in which these authors work. For the journals, long lists of authors are hard to deal with i
37、n themselves. But those long lists give rise to more serious questions when something goes wrong with the paper. If there is research misconduct, how should the liability be allocated among the authors? If there is an honest mistake in one part of the work but not in others, how should an evaluator
38、aim his or her review?Various practical or impractical suggestions have emerged during the long-standing debate on this issue. One is that each author should provide, and the journal should then publish, an account of that authors particular contribution to the work. But a different view of the prob
39、lem, and perhaps of the solution, comes as we get to university committee on appointments and promotions, which is where the authorship rubber really meets the road. Half a lifetime of involvement with this process has taught me how much authorship matters. I have watched committees attempting to de
40、code sequences of names, agonize over whether a much-cited paper was really the candidates work or a coauthors, and send back recommendations asking for more specificity about the division of responsibility.Problems of this kind change the argument, supporting the case for asking authors to define t
41、heir own roles. After all, if quality judgments about individuals are to be made on the basis of their personal contributions, then the judges better know what they did. But if questions arise about the validity of the work as a whole, whether as challenges to its conduct or as evaluations of its in
42、fluence in the field, a team is a team, and the members should share the credit or the blame.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, there is a tendency that scientific papers _（分数：1.00）A.are getting more complicatedB.are dealing with bigger problemsC.are more of a product of team workD.are focusing
43、more on natural than on social sciences(2).One of the problems with multiple authorship is that it is hard _（分数：1.00）A.to allocate the responsibility if the paper goes wrongB.to decide on how much contribution each reviewer has madeC.to assign the roles that the different authors are to playD.to cor
44、respond with the authors when the readers feel the need to(3).According to the passage, authorship is important when _（分数：1.00）A.practical or impractical suggestions of the authors are consideredB.appointments and promotions of the authors are involvedC.evaluators need to review the publication of t
45、he authorsD.the publication of the authors has become much-cited(4).According to the passage, whether multiple authors of a paper should be taken collectively or individually depends on _（分数：1.00）A.whether judgments are made about the paper or its authorsB.whether it is the credit or the blame that
46、the authors need to shareC.how many authors are involved in the paperD.where the paper has been published(5).The best title for the passage can be _（分数：1.00）A.Writing Scientific Papers: Publish or PerishB.Collaboration and Responsibility in Writing Scientific PapersC.Advantages and Disadvantages of
47、Team ScienceD.Multiple Authors, Multiple ProblemsBPassage Four/BDiego Chiapello, legally blind since birth, isnt one of Italys famous “mamas boys“ who live with their parents into adulthood. The 27-year-old lives alone in Milan, works as a network administrator, loves diving and dreams of sailing ac
48、ross the Atlantic with a sight-impaired (有视力障碍的) crew.Obviously, hes not your average disabled person-but especially so in Italy. The country has more barriers to integration than almost anywhere else on the continent. Among European countries, Italy ranks third from the bottom in accessibility for
49、the disabled, ahead of only Greece and Portugal. People who use wheelchairs, especially, find it difficult to navigate the countrys cobblestone (鹅卵石) streets, ride buses or visit restaurants, shops and museums. Less than a quarter of Italys disabled hold jobs compared with 47 percent for Europe.But the biggest obstacle for the countrys physically challenged may, in fact, be the fabled Italian fami
