1、大学四级-1198 及答案解析(总分：711.01，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1有的大学生有很强的责任意识，有的却连最基本的责任感都没有；2大学生肩负些哪责任；3大学阶段是大学生成长的重要阶段，呼吁大学生加强责任感。（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Communication Skills-Start Here !Why you need to get your message acrossEffective communication is all about conv
2、eying your messages to other people clearly and unambiguously. Its also about receiving information that others are sending to you, with as little distortion as possible.Doing this involves effort from both the sender of the message and the receiver. And its a process that can be fraught (充满) with e
3、rror, with messages muddled by the sender, or misinterpreted by the recipient. When this isnt detected, it can cause tremendous confusion, wasted effort and missed opportunity. In fact, communication is only successful when both the sender and the receiver understand the same information as a result
4、 of the communication. By successfully getting your message across, you convey your thoughts and ideas effectively. When not successful, the thoughts and ideas that you actually send do not necessarily reflect what you think, causing a communications breakdown and creating roadblocks that stand in t
5、he way of your goals-both personally and professionally.In a recent survey of recruiters from companies with more than 50000 employees, communication skills were cited as the single more important decisive factor in choosing managers. The survey, conducted by the University of Pittsburghs Katz Busin
6、ess School, points out that communication skills, including written and oral presentations, as well as an ability to work with others, are the main factor contributing to job success.In spite of the increasing importance placed on communication skills, many individuals continue to struggle, unable t
7、o communicate their thoughts and ideas effectively-whether in verbal or written format. This inability makes it nearly impossible for them to compete effectively in the workplace, and stands in the way of career progression.Being able to communicate effectively is therefore essential if you want to
8、build a successful career. To do this, you must understand what your message is, what audience you are sending it to, and how it will be perceived. You must also weigh-in the circumstances surrounding your communications, such as situational and cultural context.Communication Skills-The Importance o
9、f Removing BarriersProblems with communication can pop-up at every stage of the communication process (which consists of the sender, encoding, the channel, decoding, the receiver, feedback and the context-see the diagram below). At each stage, there is the potential for misunderstanding and confusio
10、n.（分数：70.00）(1).What is one of the findings of the survey conducted by Katz Business School?（分数：7.00）A.Superiors tend to be better communicators than their inferiors.B.Poor communication skills can cause a loss of confidence.C.Communication skills are crucial to ones professional success.D.Modern bu
11、sinesses are in great need of efficient managers.(2).The author tells us that to communicate effectively, we must understand _.（分数：7.00）A.our audience and the situation we are inB.the target language and facial expressionsC.both sign languages and verbal languagesD.the most direct way to deliver a m
12、essage(3).How can people get across their points without misunderstanding and confusion?（分数：7.00）A.By using the simplest words and sentence structures in communication.B.By reducing the frequency of problems in the communicating process.C.By making vivid comparisons and giving as many examples as po
13、ssible.D.By providing the listeners as much background information as possible.(4).The source of a message should make sure that the provided information is _.（分数：7.00）A.abundantB.timelyC.first-handD.errorless(5).Encoding is the process of a form that can be correctly decoded by the receiver.（分数：7.0
14、0）A.converting information intoB.transmitting signals inC.classifying messages intoD.digitalizing information in(6).In which of the following ways will one most probably cause trouble?（分数：7.00）A.Making faces in telephone conferences.B.Giving negative replies in email.C.Talking for a long time face t
15、o face.D.Writing a memo in a formal way.(7).The reactions of receivers to a message may vary owing to _.（分数：7.00）A.their different abilities to encodeB.their different communication skillsC.their different ideas and feelingsD.their different relationships(8).Effective communication means not only _
16、other people clearly but also receiving information as accurately as possible.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Pay close attention to your audiences feedback so as to _ when necessary.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).The author suggests that _ in todays society to remove communicative barriers.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listeni
17、ng Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)A.A railway porter.B.A bus conductor.C.A taxi driver.D.A postal clerk.A.Her hairstyle is very beautiful.B.Her hairstyle is not nice.C.The hairstyle really changes her appearance.D.The woman has a sense of style.A.Jane is looking for a summer job.B.Jan
18、e is packing for the summer vacation.C.Jane is on her way home.D.Jane is eager to go home for the vacation.A.The chocolate cookie tastes terrible.B.The chocolate cookie is very delicious.C.Jack will never make such cookies.D.He got the only one in this world.A.He has never felt good in his life.B.Th
19、e Yoga has improved his health.C.He is unhappy about his life.D.He is thinking of taking a Yoga exercise.A.The train is delayed.B.The train has left.C.The train leaves three times a day.D.Someone gave the woman wrong information.A.Go to watch the baseball match.B.Drive to work.C.Try to fix the car.D
20、.Stop working and have some rest.A.She can only make it on Sunday.B.She doesnt like volleyball.C.She doesnt want to play volleyball on Sunday.D.She will try to make it on Sunday.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.The guided tours.B.University Books.C.The
21、 Student Federation.D.A volunteer group.A.To find out if the books she ordered are in.B.To ask him to attend a Student Federation meeting.C.To get his schedule of classes for next term.D.To see if he has time to welcome the new students.A.Take the place of Ruth as a tour guide.B.Ask Ken if he will b
22、e at the activity.C.Help out when he is free.D.Leave work early if he can.A.Tomorrow evening.B.5 o clock this afternoon.C.10 o clock on Saturday.D.10 o clock on Thursday.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.He cannot do well because the class is too large.
23、B.He wants the professor to give him a mark.C.He was late for registration.D.He needs the permission of Professor Day to register.A.Students attend it because it is required.B.The student likes the course very much.C.It is so popular that students line up to get registered.D.The professor offers the
24、 course every term.A.Allow the student to take the class this term.B.Allow the student to take the class next year.C.Permit the student to graduate without the class.D.Let the student to attend another class.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have j
25、ust heard.（分数：21.00）A.Over 30 million men.B.Over 30 million middle-aged men.C.Those energetic Americans.D.Americans of both sexes and all ages.A.Because of their strong desire for good health.B.Because of their love for hobbies and pastimes.C.Because of their fear of heart disease.D.Because of their
26、 extra energy.A.It was rising.B.It was lowering.C.It remained unchanged.D.It was fluctuating.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Many thought it was ridiculous.B.Some expected it to replace traditional ones.C.Most regarded it as a convenient educa
27、tional channel.D.No one took it very seriously.A.Technology.B.Social sciences.C.Artificial intelligence.D.Politics.A.In June 1969.B.In August 1970.C.In January 1971.D.In February 1972.A.Its students can spend the whole summer at school.B.It can offer foundation courses as well as advanced degrees.C.
28、It has established study centers all over the world.D.It is the most important part of the British educational system.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.To teach students how to communicate with native speakers.B.To introduce a few techniques to be
29、 successful language learners.C.To encourage slow language learners not to lose their hearts.D.To tell the audience how to enlarge their vocabulary more quickly.A.They discover ways to learn a language on their own.B.They learn in isolated places with no people around.C.They get hints from their tea
30、chers faster than others.D.They listen and speak more than other learners.A.Getting the main idea of a passage.B.Making as few mistakes as possible.C.Thinking in the target language.D.Communicating with foreigners.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：76.00)Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dr
31、opouts among the doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of (36) to a nation in need of Ph. Ds. Some have placed the dropouts loss as high as 50 percent. The (37) of the loss was, however, largely a matter of expert (38) . Last week a well-rounded study was published. It was based on
32、 22000 questionnaires sent to (39) graduate students who were (40) in 24 universities and it seemed to show many past fears to be (41) The dropouts rate was found to be 31 per cent, and in most cases the dropouts, while not completing the Ph. D. requirement, went on to productive work. They are not
33、only doing well (42) , but, according to the report, are not far below the income levels of those who went on to complete their doctorates.Lack of motivation was the (43) reason for dropping out. Most dropouts went as far in their doctoral program as was consistent with their levels of ability or th
34、eir specialities. (44) .Nearly 75 per cent of the dropouts said there was no academic reason for their decision, (45) , uncompleted research and failure to pass language exams. (46) was marked by 19 per cent.（分数：76.01）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Par
35、t Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：1，分数：90.00)Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Lance Armstrong is thirty-three years old and is one of the best athletes in the world. Scientists say his body operates better than the (47) person. For example, his heart can (48) more th
36、an two hundred times a minute. It pumps an extremely large amount of blood and oxygen to his legs.Edward Coyle, head of the Human Performance Laboratory at the University of Texas in Austin, tested Armstrong five times from 1992 until 1995. Each time, the cyclist rode a (49) bike for twenty-five min
37、utes with the work rate increasing every five minutes.Scientists measured Armstrongs (50) against the amount of oxygen he breathed. Doctor Coyle discovered an 8% increase in Armstrongs muscle power. Doctor Coyle (51) Armstrong might have developed more of a certain kind of muscle during his seven ye
38、ars of training.Doctor Coyle also discovered that Armstrong was able to reduce his body weight and body fat before his Tour de France victories. This enabled him to increase his power in relation to his body weight by 18%. Doctor Coyle says the results of the (52) show that long-term training has mo
39、re of an effect on athletes than scientists thought.Lance Armstrong is (53) in another way. In 1996, when he was twenty-five, he discovered he had cancer of the testicles (睾丸), which had spread to his lungs and brain. Armstrong received chemical (54) and several operations on his brain. After he (55
40、) , he began training again in 1998. The next year he won his first Tour de France race. Many people who have (56) and are living with cancer believe he is a hero. A) bite B) study C) average D) suspected E) exercise F) beat G) unique H) survived I) performance J) recovered K) fixed L) departedM) fr
41、equent N) treatment O) breakthrough（分数：90.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：44.50)Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong uni
42、ons keep them there in Fleet Street, home of some Londons largest dailies. It is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 percent over-manning, 33 percent less productivity than could be obtained.A reporter who has visit
43、ed plants throughout Europe has an impression that the pace of work is much slower here. Nobody tries too hard. Tea breaks do matter and are frequent. It is hard to measure intensity of work, but Britons give a distinct impression of going at their tasks in a more leisurely way.But is all this so te
44、rrible? It certainly does not improve the gross national product or output per worker. Those observant visitors, however, have noticed something else about Britain. It is a pleasant place.Street crowds in Stockholm, Paris and New York move quickly and silently heads down, all in a hurry. London crow
45、ds tend to walk at an easy pace ( except in the profitable, efficient city, the financial district).Every stranger is struck by the patient and orderly way in which Britons queue for a bus; if the saleswoman is slow and out of stock she will likely say, “Oh dear, what a pity“ ; the rubbish collector
46、s stop to chat and call housewives “Luvs“. Crime rises here as in every city but there still remains a gentle tone and temper that is unmatched in Berlin, Milan or Detroit.In short, what is wrong with Britain may also be what is right. Having reached a tolerable standard, Britons appear to be choosi
47、ng leisure over goods.（分数：44.50）(1).According to the passage, the argument of jobs between unions is settled by means of _.（分数：8.90）A.competitions in their productivityB.providing more job opportunitiesC.negotiations held between the two partiesD.obtaining 33 percent more productivity(2).What is the
48、 authors attitude towards the British way of life and work?（分数：8.90）A.Neutral.B.Appreciative.C.Critical.D.Ironic.(3).By “appear to be choosing leisure over goods“ in the last paragraph, the authors means that _.（分数：8.90）A.Britons like leisure better than choosing quality goodsB.Britons often enjoy their leisure with qu
