1、专业英语八级翻译-18及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.我们找不出话来了。对于这样的问题我还没有仔细思索过。在我知道了他的惨痛遭遇以后，我究竞应该拿什么话应对他呢? U我看不见那个小子的脸，不知道他脸上的表情，但是从他刚才的话里，我知道对于他另外有一个世界存在。没有家，没有爱，没有温暖，只有一根生活的鞭子在赶他。然而他能够倔强!他能够恨!他能够用自己的两只手举起生活的担子，不害怕，不悲哀。他能够做别的生在富裕的环境里的小孩所不能够做的事情，而
2、且有著他们所不敢有的思想。/U U生活毕竟是一个熔炉。它能够锻炼出这样倔强的孩子来。甚至人世间最惨痛的遭遇也打不倒他。/U（分数：15.00）_2.吹牛是一种夸大狂，在道德家看来，也许认为是缺点，可是在处世接物上却是一种呱呱叫的妙用。假使你这一生缺少了吹牛的本领，别说好饭碗找不到，就连黄包车夫也不放你在眼里的。 U西洋人究竞近乎白痴，什么事都只讲究脚踏实地去做，这样费力气的勾当，我们聪明的中国人，简直连牙齿都要笑掉了。西洋人什么事都讲究按部就班地慢慢动作来，从来没有平地登天的捷径，而我们中国人专走捷径，而走捷径的第一个法门，就是吹牛。/U U吹牛是一件不可看轻的艺术，就如修辞学上不可缺少“夸张
3、”一类的东西一样。像李太白什么“黄河之水天上来”，又是什么“白发三千丈”，这在修辞学上就叫做“夸张”，而在不懂修辞学的人看来，就觉得李太白在吹牛了。/U（分数：15.00）_3.作家有三种死法。一曰自然的死，二曰痛苦的死，三曰快乐的死。 自然的死属于心脏停止跳动，是一种普遍的死亡形式，没有特色，可以略而不议。快乐的死和痛苦的死不属于心脏停止跳动，是人还活着，作品已经或几乎是没有了! 作家没有了作品，可以看做是个人艺术生命的死亡、职业的停顿。其中有些人是因为年事已高，力不从心。这不是艺术的死亡，而是艺术的离休，他自己无可自责，社会也会尊重他在艺术上曾经作出的贡献。（分数：20.00）_三、BSE
4、CTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.My brother had some clever men among his friends whose writings added to the success of the newspaper. These gentlemen often visited us. Hearing their conversation, and their accounts of the approval their articles had received, I became excited and decided to write a
5、piece of my own. But still being a boy, and suspecting that my brother would object to printing anything of mine, I wrote an article and left it unsigned. At night, I put it under the door of the printing house. It was found in the morning, and shown to his writing friends when they came to visit. T
6、hey read it and gave their opinions. I had the wonderful pleasure of finding it met with their approval, and that, in their different guesses as to the author, they named men of learning and imagination. I suppose now that I was lucky in my judges, and that perhaps my writings were not as good as I
7、then thought.（分数：15.00）_5.Today I have read The Tempest.Among the many reasons which make me glad to have been born in England, one of the first is that I read Shakespeare in my mother tongue. If I try to imagine myself as one who cannot know him face to face, who hears him only speaking from afar,
8、and that in accents which only through the labouring intelligence can touch the living soul, there comes upon me a sense of chill discouragement, of dreary deprivation. UI am wont to think that I can read Homer, and, assuredly, if any man enjoys him, it is I; but can I for a moment dream that Homer
9、yields me all his music, that his word is to me as to him who walked by the Hellenic shore when Hellas lived? I know that there reaches me across the vast of time no more than a faint and broken echo; I know that it would be fainter still, but for its blending with those memories of youth which are
10、as a glimmer of the worlds primeval glory. Let every land have joy of its poet; for the poet is the land itself, all its greatness and its sweetness, all that incommunicable heritage for which men live and die. As I close the book, love and reverence possess me. Whether does my full heart turn to th
11、e great Enchanter, or to the Island upon which he has laid his spell? I know not. I cannot think of them apart./U（分数：15.00）_6.To that new order we oppose the greater conceptionthe moral order. A good society is able to face schemes of world domination and foreign revolutions alike without fear. Sinc
12、e the beginning of our American history we have been engaged in changein a perpetual peaceful revolutiona revolution which goes on steadily, quietly adjusting itself to changing conditionswithout the concentration camp or the quicklime in the ditch. The world order which we seek is the cooperation o
13、f free countries, working together in a friendly, civilized society. This nation has placed its destiny in the hands and heads and hearts of its millions of free men and women; and its faith in freedom under the guidance of God. Freedom means the supremacy of human rights everywhere. Our support goe
14、s to those who struggle to gain those rights or keep them. Our strength is our unity of purpose. To that high concept there can be no end save victory.（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-18答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.我们找不出话来了。对于这样的问题我还没有仔细思索过。在我知道了他的惨
15、痛遭遇以后，我究竞应该拿什么话应对他呢? U我看不见那个小子的脸，不知道他脸上的表情，但是从他刚才的话里，我知道对于他另外有一个世界存在。没有家，没有爱，没有温暖，只有一根生活的鞭子在赶他。然而他能够倔强!他能够恨!他能够用自己的两只手举起生活的担子，不害怕，不悲哀。他能够做别的生在富裕的环境里的小孩所不能够做的事情，而且有著他们所不敢有的思想。/U U生活毕竟是一个熔炉。它能够锻炼出这样倔强的孩子来。甚至人世间最惨痛的遭遇也打不倒他。/U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(I couldnt read his countenance without seeing his face. Howev
16、er, judging from what he had said, he was evidently living in a world of his ownbereft of home, love or warmth, and flogged by the scourge of life. But he acted unyieldingly and was filled with bitter hatred. He was using both hands to bear the burden of life. He was never scared or discouraged. He
17、could achieve what children from well-to-do families could not achieve, and he had ideas that they didnt dare to have. Life is a melting pot which hardens the will of children like him so that they are able to withstand the bitterest blows of life ever.)解析：解析 1我看不见那个小子的脸，不知道他脸上的表情：此句暗含因果关系，“看不见那个小子的
18、脸”是因，可译为without seeing his face，“不知道他脸上的表情”最好译为couldnt read his countenance。 2但是从他刚才的话里，我知道对于他另外有一个世界存在。没有家，没有爱，没有温暖，只有一根生活的鞭子在赶他：分析这两句，后一句是对前一句中“另外一个世界”的解释，故两个可并为一句，用破折号连接，即However, judging from what he had said, he was evidently living in a world of his ownbereft of home, love or warmth, and flogg
19、ed by the scourge of life. 3他能够倔强：译为he acted unyieldingly。 4他能够恨：可理解为“他充满着仇恨”，即译为he was filled with bitter hatred。 5举起生活的担子：译为bear the burden of life。 6生活毕竟是一个熔炉。它能够锻炼出这样倔强的孩子来。甚至人世间最惨痛的遭遇也打不倒他：这三句话意义联系紧密，可以译为一句话。“人世间最惨痛的遭遇也打不倒他”也就是“他能够战胜人世间最惨痛的遭遇”，整句可译为Life is a melting pot which hardens the will o
20、f children like him so that they are able to withstand the bitterest blows of life ever。2.吹牛是一种夸大狂，在道德家看来，也许认为是缺点，可是在处世接物上却是一种呱呱叫的妙用。假使你这一生缺少了吹牛的本领，别说好饭碗找不到，就连黄包车夫也不放你在眼里的。 U西洋人究竞近乎白痴，什么事都只讲究脚踏实地去做，这样费力气的勾当，我们聪明的中国人，简直连牙齿都要笑掉了。西洋人什么事都讲究按部就班地慢慢动作来，从来没有平地登天的捷径，而我们中国人专走捷径，而走捷径的第一个法门，就是吹牛。/U U吹牛是一件不可看轻的
21、艺术，就如修辞学上不可缺少“夸张”一类的东西一样。像李太白什么“黄河之水天上来”，又是什么“白发三千丈”，这在修辞学上就叫做“夸张”，而在不懂修辞学的人看来，就觉得李太白在吹牛了。/U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(Because of their earnest and down-to-earth approach to work, westerners are, in the eyes of Chinese smarties, next door to idiotic. They are being laughed at by Chinese smarties for the treme
22、ndous amount of energy they put into their activities. While westerners go about whatever work they do methodically and patiently, never dreaming of reaching great heights in one step, we Chinese are always given to seeking a shortcut and regard the ability to boast as the master key to it. Boasting
23、 is an essential art of life just as hyperbole is an indispensable rhetorical figure. The Tang dynasty poet Li Bais famous lines The Yellow River comes from the sky and My white hair of thirty thousand feet, examples of hyperbole, which, to those who know little about the an of rhetoric, may sound l
24、ike a gross exaggeration of the part of the poet.)解析：解析 1，西洋人究竟近乎白痴，什么事都只讲究脚踏实地去做，这样费力气的勾当，我们聪明的中国人。简直连牙齿都要笑掉了：此句可翻译成两个句子，首先“西洋人究竟近乎白痴，什么事都只讲究脚踏实地去做”翻译在in the eyes of Chinese smarties句子里。然后再翻译“这样费力气的勾当，我们聪明的中国人，简直连牙齿都要笑掉了”，即They are being laughed at by Chinese smarties for the tremendous amount of e
25、nergy they put into their activities。注意“笑掉大牙”只是一种程度修饰，不必逐字译出。 2从来没有平地登天的捷径：译为never dreaming of reaching great heights in one step。 3专走捷径：此处的“专”有“喜欢，沉溺于”的意思，可译为be given to，“走捷径”也就是“寻找捷径”，即seek a shortcut。 4法门：也就是“关键、万能钥匙”，即master key。 5吹牛：译为boast。 6“夸张”：译为hyperbole。 7像李太白什么“黄河之水天上来”，又是什么“白发三千丈”，这在修辞学
26、上就叫做“夸张”：此句汉语表达比较口语化，如“像什么，又是什么”都不必译出，其中的两句诗句只要按字面意思译出即可。整句译为The Tang dynasty poet Li Bais famous lines The Yellow River comes from the sky and My white hair of thirty thousand feet, examples of hyperbole.。3.作家有三种死法。一曰自然的死，二曰痛苦的死，三曰快乐的死。 自然的死属于心脏停止跳动，是一种普遍的死亡形式，没有特色，可以略而不议。快乐的死和痛苦的死不属于心脏停止跳动，是人还活着，作
27、品已经或几乎是没有了! 作家没有了作品，可以看做是个人艺术生命的死亡、职业的停顿。其中有些人是因为年事已高，力不从心。这不是艺术的死亡，而是艺术的离休，他自己无可自责，社会也会尊重他在艺术上曾经作出的贡献。（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(A writer can die three kinds of death: natural death, painful death, and happy death. Natural death, caused by the discontinuation of heartbeat, is a common form of death with no c
28、haracteristics of its own, and therefore may as well be left out without any comment. In the case of happy death and painful death, which are not caused by the discontinuation of heartbeat, the writer, alive as he is, has stopped or almost stopped writing! When a writer no longer produces any works,
29、 it is tantamount to the death of his artistic life or the end of his career. Some writers lay down their pens because they are too old to be equal to the task. We call it retirement from art rather than death of art. They have nothing to blame themselves for. And society at large will pay tribute t
30、o the contributions they have already made to art.)解析：解析 1作家有三种死法。一曰自然的死，二曰痛苦的死，三曰快乐的死：两句中第二个句子是对第一个句子的补充说明，因此可合译为一个句子。第二句中“一曰”、“二曰”、“三曰”可省略不译。“作家有三种死法”可译为A writer can die three kinds of death。 2自然的死属于心脏停止跳动，是一种普遍的死亡形式，没有特色。可以略而不议：此句是汉语中常见的流水句，该句的语义重心在于“是一种普遍的死亡形式”和“可以略而不议”，这两部分可译为句子的主干。 3心脏停止跳动：可转译
31、为名词词组the discontinuation of heartbeat。 4没有特色：可译为介词短语with no characteristics of its own。 5属于：不宜逐字译为belongs to，其在文中应指“由引起”，故应译为caused by。 6快乐的死和痛苦的死不属于心脏停止跳动：可译为In the case of happy death and painful death, which are not caused by the discontinuation of heartbeat，其中in the case of为增译部分。 7是人还活着，作品已经或几乎是
32、没有了：此处指的是“作家虽然活着，但他已经停笔或差不多停笔了”，故可译为the writer, alive as he is, has stopped or almost stopped writing. 8作家没有了作品：可译为when引导的时间状语从句，后部分可译为it作形式主语的句型。 9可以看作：即“相当于”，可译为it is tantamount to。 10职业的停顿：可译为the end of his career。 11年事已高，力不从心：可译为be too old to be equal to the task，其中the task为增译的宾语。 12这不是艺术的死亡。而是艺
33、术的离休，他自己无可自责，社会也会尊重他在艺术上曾经作出的贡献：此句可拆译为三个独立的句子。第一部分“这不是艺术的死亡，而是艺术的离休”可译为We call it retirement from an rather than death of art。第二部分中“无可自责”可译为have nothing to blame themselves for。第三部分中“尊重贡献”可译为pay tribute to the contributions。三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.My brother had some clever men among his
34、 friends whose writings added to the success of the newspaper. These gentlemen often visited us. Hearing their conversation, and their accounts of the approval their articles had received, I became excited and decided to write a piece of my own. But still being a boy, and suspecting that my brother
35、would object to printing anything of mine, I wrote an article and left it unsigned. At night, I put it under the door of the printing house. It was found in the morning, and shown to his writing friends when they came to visit. They read it and gave their opinions. I had the wonderful pleasure of fi
36、nding it met with their approval, and that, in their different guesses as to the author, they named men of learning and imagination. I suppose now that I was lucky in my judges, and that perhaps my writings were not as good as I then thought.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(哥哥有些朋友颇有才气，他们写的文章给报纸增色不少。这些人经常造访我们。听到他们谈话
37、，说他们的文章受到好评，我激动了，便决定也写一篇。可我自己还是个孩子，恐怕不管写什么，哥哥也不愿刊登，于是我写了篇匿名文章。夜晚，我把它放在印刷间的门底下。次日早晨有人捡起，并在哥哥的那些撰稿朋友来访时递给他们看。他们看了，评论了一番。我听到文章博得他们的赞赏，看他们对作者猜来猜去，提到一些博学多思的人，真是高兴不已。现在想来，我有他们来评判真算走运，我那些文章也许并不像我当初想象的那样妙。)解析：解析 1My brother had some clever men among his friends whose writings added to the success of the new
38、spaper：第一句可断句译为两个分句，即主句和定语从句各译为一个分句。whose writings added to the success of the newspaper可译为“他们写的文章给报纸增色不少”。 2their accounts of the approval：指赞誉之词，在此译为“好评”即可。 3suspecting：译为“恐怕，怀疑”。 4I wrote an article and left it unsigned：合译为“我写了一篇匿名文章”。 5It was found in the morning，and shown to his writing friends
39、when they came to visit：此处被动句可转译为主动句，it was found in the morning译为“次日早晨有人把信捡起”；his writing friends译为“那些撰稿的朋友”。 6I had the wonderful pleasure of finding it met with their approval, and that, in their different guesses as to the author, they named men of learning and imagination：这一句翻译时可调整语序，以符合汉语先叙事后表
40、态的特点，即把I had the wonderful pleasure安排到句末；men of learning and imagination可译为“博学多思的人”。it met with their approval若译为“它遭到了赞同”则显得拗VI，应改为“博得他们的赞赏”。 7I suppose now that I was lucky in my judges：句中judges指的是哥哥的撰稿朋友们，因此I was lucky in my judges可译为“我有他们来评判真算走运”。5.Today I have read The Tempest.Among the many rea
41、sons which make me glad to have been born in England, one of the first is that I read Shakespeare in my mother tongue. If I try to imagine myself as one who cannot know him face to face, who hears him only speaking from afar, and that in accents which only through the labouring intelligence can touc
42、h the living soul, there comes upon me a sense of chill discouragement, of dreary deprivation. UI am wont to think that I can read Homer, and, assuredly, if any man enjoys him, it is I; but can I for a moment dream that Homer yields me all his music, that his word is to me as to him who walked by th
43、e Hellenic shore when Hellas lived? I know that there reaches me across the vast of time no more than a faint and broken echo; I know that it would be fainter still, but for its blending with those memories of youth which are as a glimmer of the worlds primeval glory. Let every land have joy of its
44、poet; for the poet is the land itself, all its greatness and its sweetness, all that incommunicable heritage for which men live and die. As I close the book, love and reverence possess me. Whether does my full heart turn to the great Enchanter, or to the Island upon which he has laid his spell? I kn
45、ow not. I cannot think of them apart./U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(我常这样想，我可以读懂荷马，而且可以肯定地说，假如有谁欣赏荷马的作品，那就是我；可是，我能梦想完全领悟他的音乐吗?我能像当初在古希腊海滩上漫步的古希腊人那样领会他诗篇里的每一个词语吗?我知道，越过广袤的时空传到我耳边的只不过是一个微弱的、断断续续的回声；我也知道，若不是这回声融汇着作为世界远古时代荣光火花的富有青春活力的记忆的话，这微弱的回声还会更加微弱。让每一片土地都为它的诗人而感到欢欣吧；因为诗人就是土地本身，就是它的伟大和温馨所在，就是人们置生死于不顾而要继承的遗产只能意会不能言传的遗产。当我合上书时，心中充满了爱和崇敬。我的整颗心是转向这位伟大的魔法师，还是转向他施过魔法的岛屿?我不知道。我无法从思想上将他们分开。)解析：解析 1I am wont to.all his music：wont本义为“惯常的，一贯的”，在此I am wont to可译为“我常常”。副词assuredly可转译为动词词组“可以肯定地说”。 2Homer yields me all his music：不可直译为“荷马把他所有的音乐都让给我”，因为根据上文提到我能读懂荷马，故该
