1、专业英语八级翻译-7及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.使人生圆滑进行的微妙的要素，莫如“渐”；造物主骗人的手段，也莫如“渐”。在不知不觉之中，天真烂漫的孩子“渐渐”变成野心勃勃的青年；慷慨豪侠的青年“渐渐”变成冷酷的成人；血气旺盛的成人“渐渐”变成顽固的老头子。因为其变更是渐进的，一年一年地，一月一月地，一日一日地，一时一时地，一分一分地，一秒一秒地渐进，犹如从斜度极缓的长远的山坡上走下来，使人不察其递降的痕迹，不见其各阶段的境界，而似乎觉得
2、常在同样的地位，恒久不变，又无时不有生的意趣与价值，于是人生就被确实肯定，而圆滑进行了。（分数：15.00）_2.海风微微的吹过岛上，白日里剩下的热气全吹走了。夜晚是很静寂的。整个岛落在一层柔软的黑暗的网里。只有深蓝色的天空中闪烁着无数的明星，这里的星似乎比在别的地方都明亮。人们常常这样说：白天的太阳使这个岛特别明亮，夜里是星子使这个岛特别灿烂。 灯光渐次地灭了。一些建筑稀落地耸立在黑暗里，被茂盛的树木掩盖着。路是几条螺旋形的山路，交缠着，从岩石般的山顶蜿蜒地伸下来，到了下面便是比较热闹的街市，这时沿街的商店已经大半关了门。路再伸过去，那外面一层，靠着码头一带，便是几家旅馆，都是些三层的楼房，
3、从这些新式窗户里射出来较多的灯光在海面上。（分数：15.00）_3.沿着荷塘，是一条曲折的小煤屑路。这是一条幽僻的路；白天也少人走，夜晚更加寂寞。荷塘四面，长着许多树，蓊蓊郁郁的。路的一旁，是些杨柳和一些不知道名字的树。没有月光的晚上，这路上阴森森的，有些怕人。今晚却很好，虽然月光也还是淡淡的。 U路上只我一个人，背着手踱着。这一片天地好像是我的；我也像超出了平常的自己，到了另一世界里。我爱热闹，也爱冷静；爱群居，也爱独处。像今晚上，一个人在这苍茫的月下，什么都可以想，什么都可以不想，便觉是个自由的人。白天里一定要做的事，一定要说的话，现在都可不理。这是独处的妙处，我且受用这无边的荷香月色好了
4、。/U（分数：20.00）_三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.At one point along an open highway, I came to a crossroads with a traffic light. I was alone on the road by now, but as I approached the light, it turned red and I braked to a halt. UI looked left, right and behind me. Nothing. Not a car, no suggesti
5、on of headlights, but there I sat, waiting for the light to change, the only human being for at least a mile in any direction./U UI started wondering why I refused to run the light. I was not afraid of being arrested, because there was obviously no cop around, and there certainly would have been no
6、danger in going through it./U UMuch later that night, after Id met with a group in Lewisburg and had climbed into bed near midnight, the question of why Id stopped for that light came back to me. I think I stopped because its part of a contract we all have with each other. Its not only the law, but
7、its an arrangement we have, and we trust each other to honor it: we dont go through red lights. Like most of us, Im more apt to be restrained from doing something bad by the social convention that disapproves of it than by any law against it./U（分数：15.00）_5.What is leadership? Its qualities are diffi
8、cult to define. But they are not so difficult to identify. ULeaders dont force other people to go along with them. They bring them along. Leaders get commitment from others by giving it themselves, by building an environment that encourages creativity, and by operating with honesty and fairness./U U
9、Good leaders arent lone rangers. They recognize that an organizations strategies for success require the combined talents and efforts of many people. Leadership is the catalyst for transforming those talents into results./U USuccessful leaders are emotionally and intellectually oriented to the futur
10、enot wedded to the past. They have a hunger to take responsibility, to innovate, and to initiate. They are not content with merely taking care of whats already there. They want to move forward to create something new./U ULeaders provide answers as well as direction, offer strength as well as dedicat
11、ion, and speak from experience as well as understanding of the problems they face and the people they work with./U（分数：15.00）_6.I never met a more interesting man than Mayhew. He was a lawyer in Detroit. He was an able and a successful one. By the time he was thirty-five he had a large and a lucrativ
12、e practice, he had amassed a competence, and he stood on the threshold of a distinguished career. He had an acute brain, an attractive personality, and uprightness. There was no reason why he should not become, financially or politically, a power in the land. One evening he was sitting in his club w
13、ith a group of friends and they were perhaps a little worse (or the better) for liquor. One of them had recently come from Italy and he told them of a house he had seen at Capri, a house on the hill, overlooking the Bay of Naples, with a large and shady garden. He described to them the beauty of the
14、 most beautiful island in the Mediterranean.（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-7答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.使人生圆滑进行的微妙的要素，莫如“渐”；造物主骗人的手段，也莫如“渐”。在不知不觉之中，天真烂漫的孩子“渐渐”变成野心勃勃的青年；慷慨豪侠的青年“渐渐”变成冷酷的成人；血气旺盛的成人“渐渐”变成顽固的老头子。因为其变更是渐进的，一年一年地，一月一月地，一日一日地，一时一时地，一分一分
15、地，一秒一秒地渐进，犹如从斜度极缓的长远的山坡上走下来，使人不察其递降的痕迹，不见其各阶段的境界，而似乎觉得常在同样的地位，恒久不变，又无时不有生的意趣与价值，于是人生就被确实肯定，而圆滑进行了。（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(The subtle factor that makes life endurable is gradualness. It is by this gradualness that the Creator deceives all humans. Through the process of imperceptible gradual change, innocent
16、 kids become ambitious youths, chivalrous youths become unfeeling grownups, and aggressive grownups become mulish old fogeys. Since the change takes place by slow degreesyear by year, month by month, day by day, hour by hour, minute by minute, second by second, you feel as if you were permanently yo
17、ur same old self always seeing much fun and meaning in life, like one, walking a long, long way down an extremely gentle mountain slope, hardly perceives its degree of incline or notices the altered scenes as he moves along. You thus take a positive view of life and find it endurable.)解析：解析 1使人生圆滑进行
18、的微妙的要素，莫如“渐”；造物主骗人的手段，也莫如“渐”：第一句可在分号处拆开，译为两个独立的句子。“圆滑进行”可译为endurable或ongoing。“微妙的要素”则可译为subtle factor。后部分进一步提到“渐”的用处，因此可译为强调句It is by this gradualness that the Creator deceives all humans. 2在不知不觉之中：可译为through the process of imperceptible gradual change。 3天真烂漫的孩子：译为innocent kids/children即可。 4慷慨豪侠的青年：
19、可译为chivalrous youths。 5血气旺盛的成人：译为aggressive grownups。 6顽固的老头子：可译为mulish old fogeys。fogey指“(思想)守旧者，抱残守缺的人”。 7因为其变更是渐进的，而圆滑进行了：此句为汉语中典型的流水句，结构比较松散，因此需要采用断句译法来处理，拆译成两个独立的句子。前部分“因为其变更是渐进的意趣与价值”依然很长，但可采用从句、短语和非谓语动词的形式来安排译文，其中“一年一年地一秒一秒地渐进”可用破折号引出，即year by year，month by month，day by day，hour by hour，minut
20、e by minute，second by second。 8似乎觉得常在同样的地位，恒久不变：指觉得自己似乎依然是原来的自己，可译为you feel as if you were permanently your same old self。 9使人不察：指几乎难以察觉，可译为hardly perceives。 10不见其各阶段的境界：指走下来时未注意山坡上变幻的景色，因此可译为hardly notices the altered scenes as he moves along。 11人生就被确实肯定：指采取积极的人生态度，故可译为take a positive view of life。
21、2.海风微微的吹过岛上，白日里剩下的热气全吹走了。夜晚是很静寂的。整个岛落在一层柔软的黑暗的网里。只有深蓝色的天空中闪烁着无数的明星，这里的星似乎比在别的地方都明亮。人们常常这样说：白天的太阳使这个岛特别明亮，夜里是星子使这个岛特别灿烂。 灯光渐次地灭了。一些建筑稀落地耸立在黑暗里，被茂盛的树木掩盖着。路是几条螺旋形的山路，交缠着，从岩石般的山顶蜿蜒地伸下来，到了下面便是比较热闹的街市，这时沿街的商店已经大半关了门。路再伸过去，那外面一层，靠着码头一带，便是几家旅馆，都是些三层的楼房，从这些新式窗户里射出来较多的灯光在海面上。（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(The gentle sea br
22、eeze is blowing over the island and has driven away the hot air left during the day. It appears very quiet in the evening. Covered is the whole island in a soft dark net. In the blue skies, countless stars are shining. The stars here look brighter than those in other places. The sun during the day s
23、hines on the island very brightly and stars during the night light it awfully magnificent, often remarked people. Gradually lights have stopped brightening, and some buildings stand sparsely in the dark, screened in luxuriant trees. Twined are some of the spiral mountainous roads reaching down curvi
24、ngly from the top of the rocky mountains. And below is a lively city. Now most of the shops along the streets are closed. The road leads further outside where there is a harbor, and there are a couple of hotels near it, all of which are three-story buildings. Much light from their new-style windows
25、shines on the sea.)解析：解析 1海风微微的吹过岛上：可译为The gentle sea breeze is blowing over the island或the sea breeze is gently blowing over the island。 2落在：在此应指“被笼罩在”，可选用动词cover。 3这里的星似乎比在别的地方都明亮：含有比较成分，因此注意代词的选用：The stars here look brighter than those in other places 4白天的太阳使这个岛特别明亮：若译为The sun during the day make
26、s the island very bright，不如The sun during the day shines on the island very brightly地道。 5灯光渐次地灭了：可灵活译为Gradually lights have stopped brightening。 6稀落地：可译为sparsely。 7耸立：译为stand即可。 8被茂盛的树木掩盖着：是对前半句的补充说明，可译为过去分词短语作定语，即screened in luxuriant trees。 9螺旋形的山路：可译为the spiral mountainous roads。 10蜿蜒地伸下来：可译为reac
27、hing down curvingly或winding down。 11热闹的街市：可译为a lively city或a busy city。 12路再伸过去，那外面一层，靠着码头一带，便是几家旅馆，都是些三层的楼房，从这些新式窗户里射出来较多的灯光在海面上：此句在结构上比较松散，同样需要断句，分译为两个独立的句子。前一句“路再伸过去都是些三层的楼房”可译为and连接的并列句。3.沿着荷塘，是一条曲折的小煤屑路。这是一条幽僻的路；白天也少人走，夜晚更加寂寞。荷塘四面，长着许多树，蓊蓊郁郁的。路的一旁，是些杨柳和一些不知道名字的树。没有月光的晚上，这路上阴森森的，有些怕人。今晚却很好，虽然月光也
28、还是淡淡的。 U路上只我一个人，背着手踱着。这一片天地好像是我的；我也像超出了平常的自己，到了另一世界里。我爱热闹，也爱冷静；爱群居，也爱独处。像今晚上，一个人在这苍茫的月下，什么都可以想，什么都可以不想，便觉是个自由的人。白天里一定要做的事，一定要说的话，现在都可不理。这是独处的妙处，我且受用这无边的荷香月色好了。/U（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(I am on my own, strolling, hands behind my back. This bit of the universe seems in my possession now; and I myself seem to
29、 have been uplifted from my ordinary self into another world. I like a serene and peaceful life, as much as a busy and active one; I like being in solitude, as much as in company. As it is tonight, basking in a misty moonshine all by myself, I feel I am a free man, free to think of anything, or of n
30、othing. All that one is obliged to do, or to say, in the daytime, can be very well cast aside now. That is the beauty of being alone. For the moment, just let me indulge in this profusion of moonlight and lotus fragrance.)解析：解析 1路上只我一个人，背着手踱着：此句的语义重心在于前部分，译为主句，后部分“背着手踱着”则译为伴随状语成分strolling，hands behi
31、nd my back。 2超出了平常的自己：可译为have been uplifted from my ordinary self。 3爱冷静：指我喜欢平静祥和的生活，可译为like a serene and peaceful life。“群居”和“独处”分别转译为介词短语in company和in solitude。 4像今晚上，一个人在这苍茫的月下，什么都可以想，什么都可以不想，便觉是个自由的人：此句的语义重心在“便觉是个自由的人”，可译为主句，而“像今晚上”则可译为as引导的状语从句as it is tonight，“一个人在这苍茫的月下”可译为现在分词短语basking in a mi
32、sty moonshine all by myself。“什么都可以想，什么都可以不想”是对“便觉是个自由的人”的进一步说明，可译为“flee to think of anything, or of nothing”。 5白天里一定要做的事，一定要说的话，现在都可不理：此句中“一定要做的事”为无主句，翻译时增译主语one，该句可译为All that one is obliged to do；“一定要说的话”与前者结构相同，故可省略译为or to say。 6这是独处的妙处，我且受用这无边的荷香月色好了：此句中，“妙处”指“美妙，美好”，译为beauty即可。“受用”可译为enjoy或indul
33、ge in。“无边的”不宜直译为rimless，其在文中表达的是一种抽象的意义，指更偏向程度上的，故译为this profusion更好些。三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.At one point along an open highway, I came to a crossroads with a traffic light. I was alone on the road by now, but as I approached the light, it turned red and I braked to a halt. UI looked le
34、ft, right and behind me. Nothing. Not a car, no suggestion of headlights, but there I sat, waiting for the light to change, the only human being for at least a mile in any direction./U UI started wondering why I refused to run the light. I was not afraid of being arrested, because there was obviousl
35、y no cop around, and there certainly would have been no danger in going through it./U UMuch later that night, after Id met with a group in Lewisburg and had climbed into bed near midnight, the question of why Id stopped for that light came back to me. I think I stopped because its part of a contract
36、 we all have with each other. Its not only the law, but its an arrangement we have, and we trust each other to honor it: we dont go through red lights. Like most of us, Im more apt to be restrained from doing something bad by the social convention that disapproves of it than by any law against it./U
37、（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(我左顾右盼，又向后面望了望。毫无动静。没有车子，连车灯的影儿都没有，但我还是就那么坐在那儿，等着红灯变绿，方圆一英里内就我一个人。 我开始想我为什么不闯红灯。我不怕被抓着，因为很明显周围没有警察，闯红灯肯定也不会有任何危险。 那天夜里，我在刘易斯堡会见了一些朋友，接近午夜上床后，我又回想起了我为什么要停下来而不直接闯过去这个问题。我想，我停车等灯，是因为它是我们人与人相互间的一种公约。这不仅是法律，而且也是我们共有的一个约定；我们互相信任对方都能遵守这个约定：我们不能闯红灯。像我们大多数人一样，我要善于克制自己，不做社会行为准则不允许的坏事，而不仅是因为有法律
38、明令禁止。)解析：解析 1a mile in any direction：可译为“方圆一英里以内”。 2run the light：可译为“闯红灯”，同样还可以用run the red light或run through the red light，下文中的go through the red lights也是“闯红灯”的意思。 3there certainly would have been no danger in.：句中的there be no danger in doing sth. 可译为“做没有任何危险”，本句话是there be句型的过去将来完成时，表示将来做某事会造成的影响，文
39、章整体为过去时，故用过去将来完成时。 4met with：本意为“偶然遇见，碰见”，根据文章可知，在这里作者是与朋友聚会。 5stopped for：固定短语stop for意为“停下来等”。 6.Im more apt to be restrained from doing something bad by the social convention that disapproves of it than by any law against it：整句话是Im more.than.的结构，比较句的前半句中的that disapproves of it是一个定语从句修饰convention，
40、两个it都代指的是doing something bad；其中be apt to意为“倾向于”，restrain from doing意为“抑制做，阻止做”，social convention意为“社会惯例”，disapprove of意为“不赞成，不喜欢”。5.What is leadership? Its qualities are difficult to define. But they are not so difficult to identify. ULeaders dont force other people to go along with them. They bring
41、 them along. Leaders get commitment from others by giving it themselves, by building an environment that encourages creativity, and by operating with honesty and fairness./U UGood leaders arent lone rangers. They recognize that an organizations strategies for success require the combined talents and
42、 efforts of many people. Leadership is the catalyst for transforming those talents into results./U USuccessful leaders are emotionally and intellectually oriented to the futurenot wedded to the past. They have a hunger to take responsibility, to innovate, and to initiate. They are not content with m
43、erely taking care of whats already there. They want to move forward to create something new./U ULeaders provide answers as well as direction, offer strength as well as dedication, and speak from experience as well as understanding of the problems they face and the people they work with./U（分数：15.00）_
44、正确答案：(领导不强迫他人追随自己，而是带领他们前进。领导通过给予他人承诺来获得他人对自己的承诺。此外，他还构建一个鼓励创新的环境，并诚实公正地对待他人。 好的领导不是“独行者”。他们认识到一个组织的策略的成功需要许多人共同的智慧和努力。领导是将这些智慧转化为成果的催化剂。 成功的领导者，从情感和理智上都着眼于未来而不是过去。他们渴望承担责任、创新和开拓，他们不满足于仅仅保持现状，他们渴望前进以开拓新的天地。 领导人给予解答和指导，拥有力量和献身精神，他们根据自己的经验讲话，同时也根据对所面临困难的理解以及对与他们共事的人的理解讲话。)解析：解析 1go along with：意为“赞同，陪一
45、起，附和”，这里译为“追随”。 2bring along：本意为“把带来，随身携带”，这里跟前文的“追随”相对应，意译为“带领”。 3Leaders get commitment from others by giving it themselves：这句话译为“领导给予他人承诺来获得他人对自己的承诺”，句中it指代commitment，在it后面省略了to others。 4lone rangers：ranger意为“漫游者，游侠”，为与前面的“带领”等词一致，这里将lone rangers译为“独行者”，有一部同名电影Lone Rangers译为“独行侠”。 5catalyst：意为“催化剂”。 6transforming those talents into results：短语transforminto意为“把变成”。 7oriented to：orient意为“确定方向”，该短语意译为“着眼于”。 8wedded to：本义为“对固执”，这里也可与前面合译为“着眼于”。 9have
