1、专业英语八级-翻译(一)及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、TEST ONE(总题数：2，分数：20.00)1.SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH 在逝去如飞的日子里，在千门万户的世界里的我能做些什么呢?只有徘徊罢了，只有匆匆罢了；在八千多日的匆匆里，除徘徊外，又剩些什么呢?过去的日子如轻烟却被微风吹散了，如薄雾。被初阳蒸融了；我留着些什么痕迹呢?我何曾留着像游丝样的痕迹呢?我赤裸裸来到这世界，转眼间也将赤裸裸地回去罢?但不能平的，为什么偏要白白走这一遭啊? 你聪明的，告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢?（分数：10.00）_2.SECTTON B
2、 ENGTISH TO CHINESE The role of the manager as merely an overseer of workers is an artifact of the Industrial Age paradigm, no longer appropriate to the Knowledge Age. Increasingly, middle managers heads are on the chopping blocks of budget-tightening corporations, and those who fail to transform th
3、emselves into player/coaches will become obsolete, suggests Thomas H. Davenport, director of Accenture Institute for Strategic Change.There is still an important role, albeit a different one, for management in the future, Davenport writes in The Future of Leadership. The single most important factor
4、 driving the change in what management entails is the rise and prevalence of knowledge work. In advanced economies, knowledge workers now make up more than 50% of workers-or more, depending on how you define knowledge worker. Davenport reports, I know of a CEO of a large pizza chain who argues that
5、every worker in the organization is a knowledge worker, and unless they all use knowledge to manage costs, serve customers well, and maintain high quality standards, the organization will not succeed. However, if pizza makers are knowledge workers, who isnt?/（分数：10.00）_二、TEST TWO(总题数：2，分数：20.00)3.SE
6、CTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH 不消说，相识的人数是随着年龄增加的，一个人年龄越大，走过的地方，当过的职务越多，相识的人理该越增加了。可是相识的人并不就是朋友。我们和许多人相识，或是因为事务关系，或是因为偶然的机缘如在别人请客的时候同席吃过饭之类。见面时点头或握手，有事时走访或通信，口头上彼此也称“朋友”，笔头上有时或称“仁兄”，诸如此类。其实只是一种社交上的客套，和“顿首”“百拜”同是仪式的虚伪。这种交际可以说是社交，和真正的友谊相差似乎很远。（分数：10.00）_4.SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Love means growth for
7、both myself and the person I love. If I love you, I am growing as a result of my love. You are a stimulant for me to become more fully what I might become, and my loving enhances your being as well. We each grow as a result of caring and being cared for; we each share in an enriching experience that
8、 doesnt detract from our being. Love means making a commitment to the person I love. This commitment doesnt entail surrendering our total selves to each other; nor does it imply that the relationship is necessarily permanent. It does entail a willingness to stay with each other in times of pain, unc
9、ertainty, struggle, and despair, as well as in times of calm and enjoyment. Love means trusting the person I love. If I love you, I trust that you will accept my caring and my love and that you wont deliberately hurt me; I trust that you will find me lovable and that you wont abandon me; 1 trust the
10、 reciprocal nature of our love. If we trust each other, we are willing to be open to each other and can shed masks and pretenses and reveal our true selves. （分数：10.00）_三、TEST THREE(总题数：2，分数：20.00)5.SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH 我们这代人，和现在的年轻人不同，我们没有什么择业自主权。所以每一次，不管被派到哪里，我不会想别的，就想着怎么把工作做好，做得最好。也许我这种个性特
11、点和我母亲的教导有关。 母亲是个凡事要求尽善尽美的人，她不能原谅一件事没有做好。比如刷马桶，我使劲刷了几次还是没有刷干净，对她说实在刷不干净了。她不说话，自己拎过去，挽起袖子就刷。不管用到些什么工具，最终的结果总是，我们做不到的，她做到了。也许这是一种很可怕的教育方法，但事实上，在她的影响下，从小我就懂得一个道理，任何事，只要你努力去做，动脑筋去做，没有做不成的。（分数：10.00）_6.SECTON B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Worries about the future of tribal peoples are in many ways a continuation o
12、f what has been going on for a very long time. Individual peoples have always been massacred, enslaved or deprived of their freedom think of the peoples under the Aztecs, or the tribal peoples of India. Pressures on tribal peoples are not intrinsically related to modernity or capitalism.Attempts to
13、look after tribal peoples are also relatively old. Groups such as the Aborigines Protection Society or the Anti-Slavery Association date back to the last century. But what is new today is the scale and speed of expansion into areas inhabited by aboriginal peoples. Most tribal peoples survive in area
14、s which traditionally have been marginal to businessthe Arctic, the desert, tropical forests. It is their bad luck that in many cases these are unexploited mineral-rich regions that are now coming under pressure.Another development is the move away from paternalistic protection. The 1960s, when the
15、pressures on the tribal peoples of Amazonia first came to public attention, was a period of liberal thinking. People were shocked, groups like Survival International were set up, and there was a feeling that tribal peoples would disappear unless we in the West did something about it-we, the very peo
16、ple who were creating the pressures in the first place!Now the weight has shifted from westerners trying to look after tribal peoples to tribal peoples being given the power to look after themselves.（分数：10.00）_四、TEST FOUR(总题数：2，分数：20.00)7.SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH 8月17日的下午，约克逊号邮船无数的窗眼里，飞出五色飘扬的纸带，
17、远远的抛到岸上，任凭送别的人牵住的时候，我的心是如何的飞扬而凄恻! 痴绝的无数的送别者，在最远的江岸，仅仅牵着这终于断绝的纸条儿，放这庞然大物，载着量重的离愁，飘然西去! 船上生活，是如何的清新而活泼。除了三餐外，只是随意游戏散步。海上的头三日。我竟完全回到小孩子的境地中去了，套圈子，抛沙袋，乐此不疲，过后又绝然不玩了。后来自己回想很奇怪，无他，海唤起了我童年的回忆，海波声中，童心和游伴都跳跃到我脑中来。（分数：10.00）_8.SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Weve come a long way with computers already. The inter
18、active childrens toy called a Furby has ten times the processing power of the Apollo command module, and there are now so many microchips in an automobile that Chrysler like to joke that they only bother to put wheels on their cars to stop the computers dragging along the highway.In simple terms, th
19、e eighties were shaped by cheap microprocessors and the nineties by cheap lasers; the symbol of the eighties was the IC, and the symbol of the nineties is the web. The next decade? Well, thats going to be shaped by very low-cost, very high-performance sensors. Were basically going to attach eyes, ea
20、rs and sensory organs to our computers and ask them to observe and manipulate the physical world on our behalf.Processors and sensors are going to be everywhere: helping McDonalds to keep your French fries consistent the whole world around by embedding networked sensors in their frying machines; tel
21、ling Coca-Cola when a vending machine is broken or empty; and helping diabetics with subcutaneous microdelivery systems for insulin which deliver medication on a precise schedule.（分数：10.00）_五、TFST FIVE(总题数：2，分数：20.00)9.SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH 择书比择友简单得多。不擅辞令、厌恶应酬的人，可以自由自在地徜徉于书林之中，游目四顾，俯拾皆友。 看书，可
22、以博览，可以细嚼，没有人会怪你喜新厌旧，也没有人要求你从一而终。你大可以从一本书换到另一本，喜爱的书，不妨一读再读；不耐看的书，又可随手抛下，谁也不会因此而伤心失望。人际关系错综复杂，那“书际关系”呢?只要花点时间去了解，再高深的学问也弄得明白。（分数：10.00）_10.SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE If we want to avoid the disaster scenario, people in developed countries will have to take a global perspective and accept responsibil
23、ity for the damage export crops such as timber, coffee, cut flowers or even green beans, do to the environment. The challenge is to avoid simply imposing western attitudes on local peoples.Already there are no truly wild places left in the world. Looking at wildlife has become the preserve of the mi
24、ddle classes over the last twenty-odd years, and as wild animals become even rarer, so more tourists want to see them. But tourism alone plainly cannot conserve the worlds animals; economic development is the priority.For the future, I suspect that if you really want to do something about wild life
25、conservation, you would be better off putting your money into womens education rather than just into the protection of flagship species. Women often bear the direct costs of wildlife conflict; their knowledge of how to deal with conflict and how to control their own reproductive destinies may yet de
26、termine the survival of many threatened species.（分数：10.00）_专业英语八级-翻译(一)答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、TEST ONE(总题数：2，分数：20.00)1.SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH 在逝去如飞的日子里，在千门万户的世界里的我能做些什么呢?只有徘徊罢了，只有匆匆罢了；在八千多日的匆匆里，除徘徊外，又剩些什么呢?过去的日子如轻烟却被微风吹散了，如薄雾。被初阳蒸融了；我留着些什么痕迹呢?我何曾留着像游丝样的痕迹呢?我赤裸裸来到这世界，转眼间也将赤裸裸地回去罢?但不能平的，为什
27、么偏要白白走这一遭啊? 你聪明的，告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢?（分数：10.00）_正确答案：(译文 What can I do，in this bustling World，with my clays flying in their escape? Nothing but to hesitate, to rushWhat have I been doing in that eight-thousand-day rush，apart from hesitating? Those bygone days have been dispersed as smoke by a light w
28、ind，or evaporated as mist by the morning sun. What traces have I left behind me? Have I ever left behind any gossamer traces at all? I have come to the world，stark-naked; am I to g0 back，in a blink，in the same stark-nakedness? It is not fair though: why should I have made such a trip for nothing!)解析
29、：点评 首句中，“逝去如飞的日子里”可以直接按字面翻译，即days flying in their escape。“千门万户的世界一可以理解为“忙乱的世界”之意，可译成bustling world。“只有徘徊罢了，只有匆匆罢了”为省略句，翻译时也可译成短语，使用nothing but这一结构。根据前面的动词“徘徊”可知，这里的“又剩些什么呢?”是指“又做些什么呢?”之意，故翻译成what have I been doing。“如轻烟吹散了，如薄雾蒸融了”是平行结构，翻译时英文也应该使用平行结构，这里用done asby这一用法。“游丝样的”即gossamer。“赤裸裸的”是stark-nake
30、d。“转眼间”可以是in a blink或in a twinkling of an eye。2.SECTTON B ENGTISH TO CHINESE The role of the manager as merely an overseer of workers is an artifact of the Industrial Age paradigm, no longer appropriate to the Knowledge Age. Increasingly, middle managers heads are on the chopping blocks of budget-ti
31、ghtening corporations, and those who fail to transform themselves into player/coaches will become obsolete, suggests Thomas H. Davenport, director of Accenture Institute for Strategic Change.There is still an important role, albeit a different one, for management in the future, Davenport writes in T
32、he Future of Leadership. The single most important factor driving the change in what management entails is the rise and prevalence of knowledge work. In advanced economies, knowledge workers now make up more than 50% of workers-or more, depending on how you define knowledge worker. Davenport reports
33、, I know of a CEO of a large pizza chain who argues that every worker in the organization is a knowledge worker, and unless they all use knowledge to manage costs, serve customers well, and maintain high quality standards, the organization will not succeed. However, if pizza makers are knowledge wor
34、kers, who isnt?/（分数：10.00）_正确答案：(译文 经理人仅仅充当一个监工的角色是工业时代的典型产物，这已经不适用于知识时代。中层经理人因公司预算紧缩，命运越发岌岌可危，而其中那些未能把自己转化为“教练兼队员”的人将会出局。这是阿克森彻战略转变研究所所长托马斯H达文波特的看法。“还有一个重要职责，虽则是一个不同的职责，却是未来的管理者要承担的。”达文波特在其领导层的未来一书中写道：“促使管理职责发生变化的一个最重要的因素是知识性工作的兴起与普及。” 在先进的经济结构中，知识型工人目前占工人总数的50%或许还要多，这取决于我们如何定义“知识型工人”。达文波特说：“我认识一个大
35、型比萨连锁店的首席执行官，他认为他们店的每个工人都是知识型工人，如果不是他们全都运用知识来控制成本，周到地为顾客服务并保持高质量的服务，他们的企业就不会成功。可是，如果做比萨饼的工人也算得上是知识型工人，那还有谁不是呢?”)解析：点评 第一段第二句的难点在于句式的翻译，译文把“suggests Thomas H. Davenport，”译为一个独立的句子，用“这”指代上面谈及的内容，使得行文流畅、表达清晰，符合中文的表达习惯；另外，译文中增加了一些汉语表达逻辑关系的词语，如：“因”、“而”，使得句子逻辑关系明了，意思表达清晰；再者，译文把on the chopping blocks译为“命运岌
36、岌可危”，把obsolete译为“出局”，用汉语成语和短语形象生动地表达了原文的意思，翻译到位。第二段第一句中，将“an important rolefor management in the future”译为“未来的管理者要承担的”，补全了英文中缺省的词汇。第三段第一句中，把depending on独立结构译为一个分句，用“这”指代前面所谈及的内容，使表达清晰，语义顺畅。最后一句中，用“也算得上”、“那还有谁”表达英文所包含的意思，翻译准确、到位。二、TEST TWO(总题数：2，分数：20.00)3.SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH 不消说，相识的人数是随着年龄增
37、加的，一个人年龄越大，走过的地方，当过的职务越多，相识的人理该越增加了。可是相识的人并不就是朋友。我们和许多人相识，或是因为事务关系，或是因为偶然的机缘如在别人请客的时候同席吃过饭之类。见面时点头或握手，有事时走访或通信，口头上彼此也称“朋友”，笔头上有时或称“仁兄”，诸如此类。其实只是一种社交上的客套，和“顿首”“百拜”同是仪式的虚伪。这种交际可以说是社交，和真正的友谊相差似乎很远。（分数：10.00）_正确答案：(译文 But not all acquaintances are friends. We come to know many people either in the way o
38、f business or by mere chancesay, having been at the same table at a dinner party. We may be on nodding or hand-shaking terms, look up or correspond with each other on business, call each other friend, sometimes write to each other with the salutation of Dear So-and-So, etc. All these are, in fact, n
39、othing but civilities of social life, as hypocritical as the polite formula dunshou (kowtow) or baibai (a hundred greetings) used after the signature in old-fashioned Chinese letter-writing. We may call them social intercourse, but they seem to have very little in common with genuine friendship.)解析：
40、点评 第二句中，译文把原文中的原因状语译为英文中的介词短语“in the way of business or by mere chance”，表达更为简洁，符合英语的表达习惯；另外，译文在处理“如”的例子时，用英语的衔接方法“say”引出，与全文的文体保持一致。第三句中，译文用“onterms”表达出“见面时点头或握手”这种关系，从而把原文中所缺省的含义表达出来；另外，译文把“仁兄”、“顿首”、“百拜”这些汉语文化专项词译为“Dear So-and-So”，“dunshou (kowtow)baibai(a hundred greetings)”，用相关文化信息表达出了它们的含义；再者，译文
41、把“客套”译为“civilities”，把“仪式”译为“the polite formula”，把“虚伪”转换为形容词译为“hypocritical”，翻译准确、到位。最后一句中，泽文增加转折连词“but”，表达出汉语所体现的逻辑关系，使得句子意思表达清晰。4.SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Love means growth for both myself and the person I love. If I love you, I am growing as a result of my love. You are a stimulant for me to b
42、ecome more fully what I might become, and my loving enhances your being as well. We each grow as a result of caring and being cared for; we each share in an enriching experience that doesnt detract from our being. Love means making a commitment to the person I love. This commitment doesnt entail sur
43、rendering our total selves to each other; nor does it imply that the relationship is necessarily permanent. It does entail a willingness to stay with each other in times of pain, uncertainty, struggle, and despair, as well as in times of calm and enjoyment. Love means trusting the person I love. If
44、I love you, I trust that you will accept my caring and my love and that you wont deliberately hurt me; I trust that you will find me lovable and that you wont abandon me; 1 trust the reciprocal nature of our love. If we trust each other, we are willing to be open to each other and can shed masks and pretenses and reveal our true selves. （分数：10.00）_正确答案：(译文 我们都因为彼此相爱而成长，这种关系使我们更加充实却又不失个性。爱意味着对所爱的人做出承诺。这种承诺并不要求为互相就而放弃自我，也不表示这种关系一定持久。它意味着我们不但能共享平静和欢乐的日子，也能在痛苦、犹豫、斗争和绝望的时刻互相厮守，互相支持。爱意味着信任所爱的人。如果我爱你，我相信你会接受我的关心和爱护，不会故意伤害我；我相信你会发现我值得你爱，不会离我而去；我相信
