1、专业英语八级翻译-3及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合在一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。 U也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的，像些胖娃娃。如果走近了，会发现
2、它们那可爱的神情，洁白的牙齿，那丰富而单纯的表情。/U（分数：15.00）_2.U中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。因此我们的苦闷，基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多；因此欲望也小得多。况中国古代素来以不滞于物，不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。/U并非我们没有守财奴，但比起莫里哀与巴尔扎克笔下的守财奴与野心家来，就小巫见大巫了。中国民族多数是性情中正和平、淡泊、朴实，比西方人容易满足。（分数：15.00）_3.一个人的生命究竟
3、有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗?提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。 古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。（分数：20.00）_三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend th
4、e furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life. At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet. Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. St
5、ill, 9/11 and avian flu remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world. Our world is bursting with knowledgebut desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, col
6、lege graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs. For all these reasons I believedand I believe even more strongly todayin the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.（分数：15.00）_5.On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his firs
7、t speech to Parliament. He was preparing the people for a long battle against Nazi aggression, at a time when Englands survival was still in doubt. U.I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months
8、of struggle and suffering./U UYou ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime./U UYou ask, wha
9、t is our aim? I can answer in one word. It is victory. Victory at all costs victory in spite of all terrorsfor without victory there is no survival./U ULet that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the i
10、mpulse of the ages that mankind shall move forward toward his goal./U I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, Come then, let us go forward together w
11、ith our united strength.（分数：15.00）_6.It is simple enough to say that since books have classesfiction, biography, poetrywe should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. UYet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blur
12、red and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dicta
13、te to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticise at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imp
14、erceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other./U Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definit
15、e.（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-3答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合在一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。 U也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的，像些胖
16、娃娃。如果走近了，会发现它们那可爱的神情，洁白的牙齿，那丰富而单纯的表情。/U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(Just beside this splendid picture, a herd of sheep are grazing with bent heads by the riverside. However, hardly any of them cares to look up and throw a glance at the beautiful twilight. Perhaps they are taking time by the forelock, using the
17、last moment for another chew before going home. This is a scene taking place on the shore of the Yellow River. The shepherd, who is nowhere to be seen, is having a rest in an unknown place, leaving these living things to enjoy this moment of dusk with full ease and freedom. Here the water grass is s
18、o fresh and tender that they feed themselves and become fat. If you approach them, you will see their cute looks, their snow-white teeth as well as their rich innocent expressions.)解析：解析 1绚烂的图画：如果译为beautiful picture就稍微逊色，可译为splendid/gorgeous picture。 2一群羊：a herd of sheep，herd指牧群，不能用group(指人群)。 3觅食：由
19、原文可知是羊觅食，就是羊吃草，译为graze“吃革”。 4几乎没有一个顾得上：可以解释为几乎没有一个关心或者在意，故可译为hardly any of them cares to。 5看一眼：理解为快速地看一眼，瞟一眼，故译为throw a glance，以表现羊群无暇顾及美景。 6抓紧时间：take time by the forelock。 7自由自在地享受：可以用词性转译法，将自由自在地(副词)转化为介宾短语(名词)，故译为enjoy with full ease and freedom。 8肥美：此处应指水草鲜嫩，不可逐字译为fat and beautiful，译为fresh and t
20、ender更好。 9长得肥滚滚的：指羊以这些水革为食会长膘，可译为they feed themselves and become fat。 10丰富而单纯的表情：rich innocent expression。2.U中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。因此我们的苦闷，基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多；因此欲望也小得多。况中国古代素来以不滞于物，不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。/U并非我们没有守财奴，但比起莫里哀与巴尔扎克笔下
21、的守财奴与野心家来，就小巫见大巫了。中国民族多数是性情中正和平、淡泊、朴实，比西方人容易满足。（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(The Chinese people have never considered human beings to be superior to everything else since ancient times, which is reflected in Chinese philosophy, literature and arts that human occupies a rather proper proportion with all others in
22、 the natural world, but not an absolute dominant ruler. Therefore, our bitterness and depression are basically less than those of westerners, because the degree of bitterness and depression is growing with the expansion of ones desire and ambition. People in the agriculture society enjoyed far less
23、than those in the industry society, thus their wants were far less either. Besides, the ancient Chinese always considered neither confined by material pursuits, nor driven by material things as the primary philosophy of life.)解析：解析 1中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切。而非绝对统治万物的主宰：这一句比较长、且结构复杂，翻译时首先要理顺句间关系。该句后半部分“在哲学
24、文艺方面的表现”是对前部分“中国民族不把人看作高于一切”的进一步说明，因而可考虑将其译为which引导的非限制性定语从句，而将前部分译为主句。 2把看作：consider.as.。 3高于一切：这里指“优于一切”，译为superior to everything else。 4统治万物的主宰：采用省译法，译为dominant ruler即可。 5苦闷：分解为“痛苦”和“压抑”的意思，即译为bitterness and depression。 6为少为小：就是少的意思，直接译为less than。 7苦闷的强弱：指的是苦闷的强弱程度，这里采用增词法译为the degree/intensity o
25、f bitterness and depression。 8中国古代：不宜直译为the ancient China，此处应指“古代中国人”，可译为the ancient Chinese。 9不滞于物，不为物役：“不滞于物”就是不停留在或局限在物质的追求上，“不为物役”就是不被物质的东西奴役或驱使，故译为neither confined by material pursuits, not driven by material things。 10况：表递进，可译为besides或moreover。3.一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗?提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看
26、一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。 古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(As for the meaning of life, could there be any criterion to measure it? It is certainly quite difficult, of course, to put forward such an a
27、bsolute one, but if we, on the whole, can find out whether his attitude towards his life is serious or not and what are his attitudes towards his work and life, it would not be that difficult to make an appropriate evaluation of the meaning of ones life. Throughout the ages, all accomplished men tak
28、e their lives seriously. As long as they are living, they would rather devote themselves to more work and study than let a single minute slip by in vain. Such examples have been set a lot by Chinese laboring people, as well as great politicians and thinkers of past dynasties.)解析：解析 1提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难：此
29、处最好采用形式主语来翻译。“提出”可译为put forward。 2但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度适当的估计了：这个句子较长，翻译时要注意分清结构。前面部分内容含假设之意，可考虑译为含有if引导的条件复合句；其中两个“看”在结构上应是并列的，可译为两个由find out引导的宾语从句；“做出适当的估计”可译为make an appropriate evaluation。 3古来：也就是“历来，从古到今”，所以翻译为throughout the ages。 4有成就的人：accomplished people或者people with great accomplishment。 5当他活着一
30、天：也就是说只要他活着，“一天”可以不翻，所以译为as long as they are living。 6不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白浪费掉：两句表达的是同一个意思，因而可采用合句译法，译为not let a single minute slip by in vain。“虚度年华”还可译为dream ones life away或spend time in vain。 7我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此：这句采用了倒序译法，“我国劳动人民”译为Chinese laboring people。三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.Scien
31、tific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life. At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet.
32、 Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11 and avian flu remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world. Our world is bursting with knowledgebut desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages cr
33、owd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs. For all these reasons I believedand I believe even more strongly todayin the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(科技进步正在使人类能够探索浩瀚宇宙的最远端、物质
34、最基本的成分及生命的奇迹。 与此同时，今天，人类所做过的及没能做到的事情，不仅危害到这个星球上的生命，也危及该星球本身的寿命。 全球化正在使地球变得愈来愈小、愈来愈快、愈来愈富有。尽管如此，911爆炸事件和禽流感的爆发提醒我们，更小更快的世界决不意味着其更安全。 我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中，不过，这世界也迫切需要智慧。如今，在原声摘要播出变得愈来愈短，即时信息淘汰了杂文，个人生活变得愈加疯狂的同时，我们这个世界所需要的正是能够深刻反思的大学生。 正是因为所有这些原因，我过去相信我今天甚至更为深信，大学独特的、无可取代的使命。)解析：解析 1the furthest reaches of
35、the cosmos：直译为“宇宙延伸的最远处”有些拗口，故引申为“浩瀚宇宙的最远端”。 2comprehend：不宜直译为“理解，明白”，在此译为“探索”更贴切。 3the actions, and inaction of human beings：可译为“人类做过的和没能做到的事情”。 4life on the planet; the very life of the planet：这两个短语看似意思一样，但经过分析可知，前一个是指地球上的生命，后一个指地球本身的生命。 5imperial：威胁。 6avian flu：禽流感。 7Our world is bursting with kn
36、owledge：若直译为“我们的世界爆满了知识”则生涩拗口，故应转译为“我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中”。 8sound bites：在(新闻采访的)原声摘要播出。 9crowd out：本来是“挤出”的意思，即时信息把杂文挤出去了，也就是即时信息淘汰了杂文。5.On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament. He was preparing the people for a long battle agai
37、nst Nazi aggression, at a time when Englands survival was still in doubt. U.I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering./U UYou ask, what is our policy? I say it is to
38、wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime./U UYou ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word. It is victory. Victory at all cost
39、s victory in spite of all terrorsfor without victory there is no survival./U ULet that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages that mankind shall move forward toward his goal./U I ta
40、ke up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(我所能奉献的就只有我的热血、辛劳、泪水和汗水。我们所面临的将是一场
41、最严峻的考验，是一场旷日持久的斗争与苦难。 如果你问，我们的政策是什么?要我说，那就是从陆、海、空全面发动战争。发动一场尽我们全力和上帝赋予我们的全部力量的战斗，向空前黑暗的恐怖暴政、惨绝人寰的人类罪恶史开战。 如果你问，我们的目标是什么?我可以用一个词来回答，那就是胜利。不惜一切代价去夺取胜利无所畏惧地去夺取胜利因为没有胜利就无法生存下去。 我们必须让这个目标得以实现，因为没有胜利就不会有大英帝国，没有胜利就不会有大英帝国所象征的一切，没有胜利就不会有多少世纪以来人类向自己的目标迈进的强烈要求和冲动。)解析：解析 1nothing but：除以外，什么都没有；只有。 2an ordeal o
42、f the most grievous kind：ordeal“严峻的考验”。整个词组译为“最严峻的考验”。 3many，many months：引申译为“旷日持久”。 4to wage war by land, sea and air：wage war是“发动战争”的意思，故这句译为：从海、陆、空全面发动战争。 5monstrous tyranny：恐怖暴政。 6surpass：超越，超过。转换为形容词译为“空前的”。 7lamentable：令人惋惜的，这里引申为“惨绝人寰的”。 8victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terrors：
43、不惜一切代价去夺取胜利，无所畏惧地去夺取胜利。两句句式一致，更显文章的气势。 9No survival for the British Empire, no survival for., no survival for.：原文为排比句，译文也为排比句，凸显原文的气势。另外，此处省略了前文的条件without victory，翻译时需补译出来，使语义更为明确。6.It is simple enough to say that since books have classesfiction, biography, poetrywe should separate them and take fro
44、m each what it is right that each should give us. UYet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that
45、 it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticise at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist
