1、专业英语四级（语法与词汇）历年真题试卷汇编4及答案解析 (总分：54.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY(总题数：27，分数：54.00)1.PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best comple
2、tes the sentence.（分数：2.00）_2.Which of the following is a compound word(复合词)?(2013-53)（分数：2.00）A.Nonsmoker.B.Deadline.C.Meanness.D.Misfit.3.Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?(2013-62)（分数：2.00）A.Let me drive you home, shall I?B.You will mind your own business.C.Come and have dinner
3、with us.D.I wish you could stay behind.4.The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词)EXCEPT_.(2013-65)（分数：2.00）A.remainB.turnC.writeD.knock5.When the sentence They had made a mess of the house. is turned into passive voice, which of the following is CORRECT?(2014-63)（分数：2.00）A.A mess had been made in t
4、he house.B.A mess had been made by them.C.The house had been made a mess of.D.The house had been made a mess.6.When the sentence Shall I drive you to the airport first? is turned into indirect speech, which of the following is most appropriate?(2014-65)（分数：2.00）A.He agreed to drive me to the airport
5、 first.B.He offered to drive me to the airport first.C.He advised me to go to the airport first.D.He suggested that I drive to the airport first.7.Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but_slightly in the afternoon.(2006-78)（分数：2.00）A.regainedB.recoveredC.restoredD.revive
6、d8._to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.(2013-66)（分数：2.00）A.AdheringB.AdoptingC.AdjustingD.Acquainting9.The operation could_her life by two or three years.(2014-68)（分数：2.00）A.prolongB.increaseC.expandD.continue10.The flags in the stadium_in the wind.(2014-75)（分数：2.00）A.flap
7、pedB.movedC.shookD.stirred11.She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually_from it. (2013-79)（分数：2.00）A.preventedB.refrainedC.limitedD.restricted12.Slavery was_in America in the 19th century.(2012-75)（分数：2.00）A.terminatedB.cancelledC.abandonedD.abolished13.Our office has recently
8、_to a new computer system.(2011-66)（分数：2.00）A.alteredB.convertedC.transformedD.modified14.The city government is building more roads to_the increasing number of cars.(2011-75)（分数：2.00）A.acceptB.receiveC.holdD.accommodate15.The police had difficulty in_the fans from rushing on to the stage to take ph
9、otos with the singer.(2010-73)（分数：2.00）A.limitingB.restrainingC.confiningD.restricting16.Her career has_a number of activities composing, playing and acting.(2014-67)（分数：2.00）A.heldB.producedC.embracedD.combined17.Traditionally, local midwives would_all the babies in the area.(2013-75)（分数：2.00）A.han
10、dleB.produceC.deliverD.help18.The boys in the dorm_a coin to decide who would clean the floor.(2012-77)（分数：2.00）A.heldB.tossedC.putD.collected19.As there was no road, the travelers_up a rocky slope on their way back.(2010-80)（分数：2.00）A.ranB.hurriedC.scrambledD.crawled20.According to the new tax law,
11、 any money earned over that level is taxed at the_ of 59 percent(2007-76)（分数：2.00）A.ratioB.percentageC.proportionD.rate21.The interviewers were impressed by the high caliber of the applicants for the job. The underlined part means_.(2014-66)（分数：2.00）A.criterionB.qualityC.qualificationD.level22.Sally
12、 contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the_for herself.(2013-70)（分数：2.00）A.creditB.attentionC.focusD.award23.The_that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.(2013-72)（分数：2.00）A.issueB.argumentC.pointD.sentence24.As soon as he opened the door, a_of cold
13、 air swept through the house.(2013-78)（分数：2.00）A.flowB.movementC.rushD.blast25.Mary and John are busy looking for a hotel for their wedding_.(2012-67)（分数：2.00）A.mealB.banquetC.refreshmentD.snack26.Victoria bumped into her brother quite by chance in the supermarket. The underlined part means_.(2011-7
14、0)（分数：2.00）A.riskB.opportunityC.luckD.possibility27.House repairs, holidays, school fees and other_have reduced his bank balance to almost nothing.(2011-72)（分数：2.00）A.amountB.paymentC.figuresD.expense专业英语四级（语法与词汇）历年真题试卷汇编4答案解析 (总分：54.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY(总题数：27，分数：54.00)1.PART IV GRAM
15、MAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.（分数：2.00）_解析：2.Which of the following is a compound word(复合词)?(2013-53)（分数：2.00）A.No
16、nsmoker.B.Deadline.C.Meanness.D.Misfit.解析：解析：构词法。首先考生要了解最小的语义单位，即词素，其由以下两类构成；自由词素是指本身具有完整意义，可以独立使用的词素；相对而言，粘附词素指没有完整意义不能独立使用的词素。派生词是由词根(主要是自由词根)+派生词缀(分为前缀和后缀)构成，例如A、C、D项，所含词缀分别是non-，-ness，mis-；复合词通常是由两个或两个以上自由词素构成，如B项，由dead和line组成。3.Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?(2013-62)（分数：2
17、.00）A.Let me drive you home, shall I?B.You will mind your own business.C.Come and have dinner with us.D.I wish you could stay behind.解析：解析：祈使句。A项为第一人称祈使句；C项为第二人称祈使句；B项在章振邦语法书情态动词will一节提到其属于加强祈使句。D项不是祈使句，而是陈述句型的感叹句。4.The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词)EXCEPT_.(2013-65)（分数：2.00）A.remainB.turnC.w
18、riteD.knock解析：解析：动词。B项是表示改变或位置转移的动词；C项是表示持续动作的动词；D项表示短暂动作的动词，以上三类都属于动态动词。静态动词是指相对静止状态的动词，只能用于非进行体，如be和have，A项就是含有be意义的动词，故属此类。5.When the sentence They had made a mess of the house. is turned into passive voice, which of the following is CORRECT?(2014-63)（分数：2.00）A.A mess had been made in the house.B
19、.A mess had been made by them.C.The house had been made a mess of.D.The house had been made a mess.解析：解析：被动语态。“动词+名词+介词”类的动词比较特别，其被动态有两种形式。其一，把“动词+名词+介词”作为整体看待，也就是作为一个及物动词来看待，故C项正确；其二，将其中的“动词+名词”看作“及物动词+宾语”的结构，故Amess had been made of the house才是正确的转换结果。6.When the sentence Shall I drive you to the ai
20、rport first? is turned into indirect speech, which of the following is most appropriate?(2014-65)（分数：2.00）A.He agreed to drive me to the airport first.B.He offered to drive me to the airport first.C.He advised me to go to the airport first.D.He suggested that I drive to the airport first.解析：解析：间接引语。
21、有些疑问句徒具形式，实际上并非提出询问，而是表示请求、劝告、建议等意思。这种疑问句变为间接引语时，通常通过特殊手段加以表达。例如：表示请求、劝告通常用“ask或advise+宾语+不定式”结构，参看例句：Would youplease spare me a few minutes?可转为He asked me to spare him a few minutesWhydont you take a walk after supper?可转为He advised me to take a walk after supper再如：表示建议，则用“suggest+一ing分词”或“suggest+t
22、hat分句”结构，参看例句：Shall we listen to the music?可转为He suggested listening to the musicWhat abouthaving a drink?可转为He suggested having a drink有时还可用“offer+不定式”结构，如：Would you like me to post the letter?可转为Ive offered to post the letter for him由于D项中that-分句的主语有误，所以本题选择B。7.Share prices on the Stock Exchange pl
23、unged sharply in the morning but_slightly in the afternoon.(2006-78)（分数：2.00）A.regainedB.recoveredC.restoredD.revived解析：解析：recover表示“股票价格回升，经济复苏”，题意为“股价早上大跌，下午略有回升”。选择B符合语境。8._to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.(2013-66)（分数：2.00）A.AdheringB.AdoptingC.AdjustingD.Acquainting
24、解析：解析：四个动词形式上有些许相近，学生容易混淆。adjust to表示“适应”，一般指适应新环境，意思上和adapt to，accommodate to相近。句意为“适应学校生活没有小学生料想得那么难”。如：It took him a long while to adjust to living alone他花了很久适应一个人生活。9.The operation could_her life by two or three years.(2014-68)（分数：2.00）A.prolongB.increaseC.expandD.continue解析：解析：四个词均含有“增加”的意义，但各有
25、不同。prolong表示“延长”，通常是让某物延续的时间变长。此句出自牛津高阶英语词典(第七版)，句意为“手术使她延长了两至三年寿命”。如：Shall we prolong our stay for a few days?我们再多呆几天吧?10.The flags in the stadium_in the wind.(2014-75)（分数：2.00）A.flappedB.movedC.shookD.stirred解析：解析：四个词均表示“动”。flap指“(旗等)飘动，摆动，噼啪作响地翻动”，强调布料或纸张上下左右快速摆动，且通常发出噼啪声。句意为“体育场的旗帜在风中噼噼啪啪地飘动”。如：
26、curtains flapping in the breeze在微风中飘动的帷帘。此外，flap还可指“(鸟翼)振动”，如：The gulls flew off，wings flapping海鸥振翅飞走了。move则表示“移动，搬动”，shake是“摇动”的意思，stir意为“搅动，搅拌；轻轻移动”。显然，这三个单词均不符题意。11.She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually_from it. (2013-79)（分数：2.00）A.preventedB.refrainedC.limitedD.restri
27、cted解析：解析：四个词均有“约束”的含义。refrain from表示“克制，抑制，忍住”。句意为“她真的想在会上说点什么，但最终忍住了这种行为。”如：refrain from laughingtears忍住笑眼泪，refrain from smoking请勿吸烟。12.Slavery was_in America in the 19th century.(2012-75)（分数：2.00）A.terminatedB.cancelledC.abandonedD.abolished解析：解析：四个动词均表示“结束”的含义，但仍有不同之处。abolish尤指“彻底废除(法律、制度、习俗等)，废
28、止”。此题来自于朗文当代高级英语辞典。句意为“美国在19世纪废除了奴隶制”，如：abolish the death penalty废除死刑制度。13.Our office has recently_to a new computer system.(2011-66)（分数：2.00）A.alteredB.convertedC.transformedD.modified解析：解析：convert是英语专四高频词，表示“转变，转化”，此处考点为“convert to”，强调“转变为不同的想法、原则或做事方法等”。此句句意为“我们办公室最近改用一套新的计算机系统”，如：Some people hav
29、e recently converted to vegetarianism一些人最近改变饮食习惯，成为素食主义者。此外，请考生注意，convert还可用于以下词组：convert sthtointo sth意为“使改变，使转化”，可以改变形式、性质或主张等，如：We converted the small bedroom into a second bathroom我们把这间小卧室改建成第二间浴室。14.The city government is building more roads to_the increasing number of cars.(2011-75)（分数：2.00）A.
30、acceptB.receiveC.holdD.accommodate解析：解析：accommodate表示“能容纳；(宾馆等)能供(客人等)留宿；(交通工具)能搭载(乘客)；容进人(或通过)，为提供空间”。句意为“市政府正在建造更多的道路，以容纳不断增长的汽车数量”，如：This hotel can accommodatemore than 400 guests这家宾馆可以接待400多位客人。此外，accommodate还可指“向提供住处(或膳宿)”，如：accommodate the professors with apartments向这些教授提供公寓套间。15.The police ha
31、d difficulty in_the fans from rushing on to the stage to take photos with the singer.(2010-73)（分数：2.00）A.limitingB.restrainingC.confiningD.restricting解析：解析：restrain sbsthfrom sthdoing sth是一个固定词组，意为“克制，抑制，遏制，管束”，句意为“警方难以阻止歌迷涌向舞台，要求和歌星合影。”如：You mustrestrain your dog from biting people你必须管住你的狗，不让它咬人。re
32、strain的意思和restrict相近，但是restrict用于词组restrict sbsthto sth，如：She restricts herself to eating two candies a day她限制自己每天吃两粒糖。16.Her career has_a number of activities composing, playing and acting.(2014-67)（分数：2.00）A.heldB.producedC.embracedD.combined解析：解析：四个单词较简单，此时考生务必提高警惕，尤其是embrace。把A、B和D项代人，均不合句意。通常em
33、brace表示“拥抱，抱”，而此处为“包括，包含，涵盖”，与include相近。新牛津英语大辞典的例句和此句几乎完全一样。句意为“他的事业包括许多活动，如作曲、演奏和演戏”。如：The study embraces all aspects ofthis problem这项研究涵盖了这个问题的所有方面。17.Traditionally, local midwives would_all the babies in the area.(2013-75)（分数：2.00）A.handleB.produceC.deliverD.help解析：解析：此题中的deliver不是我们通常了解的“投递，送交(
34、信件、行李等)”。midwife意为“助产婆，接生婆”，故deliver此处表明“给(产妇)接生，帮助产下(婴儿)”。句意为“照惯例，当地产婆会接生本地区所有婴儿”。如：The doctordelivered more than 200 babies last year这名医生去年接生了200多个婴儿。当然，deliver也可以表示“生(婴儿)”，如：My mother delivered me我妈生了我。handle表示“应付，处理(问题等)；触摸，弄”；produce意为“生产；生育”，和bear义近，如：She has produced two sons她生了两个儿子。18.The bo
35、ys in the dorm_a coin to decide who would clean the floor.(2012-77)（分数：2.00）A.heldB.tossedC.putD.collected解析：解析：toss，toss up或toss a coin都表示“(为决定某事而)扔硬币(猜正反面)”。句意为“寝室的男孩们扔硬币决定谁来擦地板”，如：Well toss a coin to see whodoes the washing up我们将扔硬币看谁洗盘子。再如：We tossed for the last piece ofchocolate我们扔硬币决定谁吃最后一块巧克力
36、。19.As there was no road, the travelers_up a rocky slope on their way back.(2010-80)（分数：2.00）A.ranB.hurriedC.scrambledD.crawled解析：解析：scramble意为“快速爬行，匍匐前行，攀登(尤指爬过粗糙的或陡峭的地方)”，题目中表明“无路可走”，即突出了道路的崎岖和行程的艰难，故用scramble强调用双手爬行。句意为“由于无路可走，旅行者只能沿着满是石头的斜坡往回走。”如：I scrambled up the cliff.我爬上了这块峭壁。run指“奔跑”；而hurry
37、意为“匆忙，赶紧”，这两个选项均不符合此题的语境。虽然crawl也有“爬行”的意思，但crawl是指一个人身子贴近地面，用双手缓慢地爬行，如：The baby crawled across the room那个婴儿从房间的这边爬到那边。20.According to the new tax law, any money earned over that level is taxed at the_ of 59 percent(2007-76)（分数：2.00）A.ratioB.percentageC.proportionD.rate解析：解析：rate指“动态的率、比率、速率等”，多与介词at
38、搭配，用于词组at the rate of。ratio为数学术语，通常以具体数据体现两个关系平行的事物的数量之比，所涉及的两个比较项必须同时出现，表示“(两个数量之间关系的)比例，比率”；如：The ratio of10 to 5 is 2 to 110与5之比为2比1；percentage指“部分在整体中所占的准确的百分率、百分比”，如：Whats the percentage of oxygen in air?空气中氧气的百分比为多少?proportion指“两个关系平行的事物在大小、数量、程度等方面的比例、比率、比重等”，突出孰大孰小，也可指部分在整体中所占的比例，如：inout of
39、proportion相称不相称地。21.The interviewers were impressed by the high caliber of the applicants for the job. The underlined part means_.(2014-66)（分数：2.00）A.criterionB.qualityC.qualificationD.level解析：解析：选项中的四个名词，想必考生比较熟悉。分别意为“(批评、判断、检验等的)标准，准则”；“质量，品质”；“资格，能力”和“水平，水准”。而caliber尤指“(高超的)能力，才干”，含有“品质”的意思，强调个人的
40、能力，且是不可数名词。牛津高阶英语词典(第七版)的例句：He was impressed by the high caliber of applicants forthe job这些应聘者出色的才能给他留下了深刻的印象。笔者再次建议各位考生在查字典的同时，好好琢磨例句。学生做此题时容易把“quality”和“qualification”混淆。“quality”可指“人或物的品质”，而“qualification”表示“资格，技能”，指某人需要胜任某份工作需要的技能。22.Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once acc
41、epted all the_for herself.(2013-70)（分数：2.00）A.creditB.attentionC.focusD.award解析：解析：credit此处指“赞扬，荣誉，功劳”，为不可数名词。句意为“Sally对这个项目贡献巨大，但从不邀功。”通常后面跟介词for。主要用于以下搭配：give sbcredit for sth，或takeacceptclaimdeserve the credit。如：She took entire credit for herpatients quick recovery她把这个病人的迅速康复完全看作是自己的功劳。考生一般把credi
42、t和credit card(信用卡)联系起来，理解为“信用”的意思，或将其理解为“学分”之意，但此处恰恰考查“荣誉，光荣”之意。23.The_that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.(2013-72)（分数：2.00）A.issueB.argumentC.pointD.sentence解析：解析：argument表示“论点”，其义是“a set of statements in support of an opinion orproposed courses of action”。句意为“运动塑造性格这个论
43、点现今已被人们普遍接受。”24.As soon as he opened the door, a_of cold air swept through the house.(2013-78)（分数：2.00）A.flowB.movementC.rushD.blast解析：解析：C和D项都含有“急速”的语意。句中sweep through表示迅猛地扫过，而blast可以指“一股强劲的气流，一阵疾风”，用来形容air。这里表示“他一开门，一股寒风横扫了整间屋子。”如：a blast of wind一阵大风。25.Mary and John are busy looking for a hotel f
44、or their wedding_.(2012-67)（分数：2.00）A.mealB.banquetC.refreshmentD.snack解析：解析：banquet表示“(正式的)宴会，盛宴，筵席”，为特别场合举行，宴会期间有祝酒或演讲，此处特别场合是“婚礼”。句意为“玛丽和约翰忙着找宾馆举行他们的婚宴”。26.Victoria bumped into her brother quite by chance in the supermarket. The underlined part means_.(2011-70)（分数：2.00）A.riskB.opportunityC.luckD.
45、possibility解析：解析：此句的“chance”表示“幸运，侥幸，运气，偶然”，故选择C，因为luck也表示“幸运，侥幸”。句意为“Victoria在超市偶遇他的兄弟”。此外，“by chance”是固定词组，指“偶然，碰巧”，如：I met her only by chance我只是偶然遇到她。27.House repairs, holidays, school fees and other_have reduced his bank balance to almost nothing.(2011-72)（分数：2.00）A.amountB.paymentC.figuresD.expense解析：解析：expenses作复数用时，表示“开支，费用，经费”。句意为“修理房屋，度假休闲，学费和其他费用已经让他的银行账户余额几乎为零”，如：livingtravelling expenses生活费旅费。
