1、INTERACTIVE MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS,The answers are provided, but so also are explanations of why the alternatives are unsatisfactory, D.G. Mackean,Test 1,These multiple choice questions are similar to the ones set by the GCSE and IGCSE Examination Boards except that, in some cases, there may be m
2、ore than one acceptable answer. For this reason, even if you select a correct answer at your first attempt, it is worth looking at all the alternatives (a) to see if there is a better answer and (b) to see why some of the alternatives are unacceptable.,Question 1,The process of aerobic respiration r
3、equires,Question 1,Respiration occurs in all living cells including plants, bacteria and single celled organisms, none of which have a blood supply.,No,Carbon dioxide is a product of respiration,No,Sunlight is necessary for photosynthesis but not for respiration,No,Correct answer,Components of the f
4、ood source are combined with oxygen, and energy is released*. Enzymes are catalysts which speed up these reactions,* Most of the energy is used to drive other living processes though some it is released as heat,Question 2,This organism is classified as an insect because it has,Insects do have segmen
5、ted bodies but so do annelid worms such as the earthworm,No,This is the single characteristic of those listed that determines that the creature is an insect. However, you should bear in mind that if asked for a definition of an insect, all the characteristics listed should be included,Yes,Most insec
6、ts do have wings but some are wingless e.g. fleas,No,Insects do have jointed legs but so do crustacea such as crabs and lobsters Jointed legs are a feature of the Arthropods, which include insects.,No,Question 3,In a plant cell, which structure is responsible for controlling the entry or exit of sub
7、stances?,The cell wall is generally regarded as being freely permeable to water and dissolved substances. Its structure does prevent the passage of large molecules such as some proteins but this is not the same as exercising control,No,This is the correct answer,The nucleus does control most of the
8、activities in the cell but does not exert direct control over the entry and exit of substances.,No,The cytoplasm is responsible for constructing the cell membrane but does not exert direct control over the entry and exit of substances.,No,Question 4,What will be the products of digestion of fish ?,F
9、ish contain fats as well as protein and carbohydrate,No,This is largely correct but vitamins and minerals are not digestion products. They are absorbed unchanged. If vitamins were broken down by digestion they would lose their properties,No,Fish contain proteins as well as carbohydrates and fats,No,
10、Yes,The proteins are digested to amino acids.,The carbohydrates are digested to glucose,The fats are digested to glycerol and fatty acids,Question 5,A male, homozygous dominant black mouse is mated with a homozygous recessive female brown mouse. The black genotype is BB, the brown genotype is bb. Wo
11、uld you expect the offspring to be,All the male gametes will carry the dominant allele B. The female gametes will carry the recessive allele b. This means that the genotype of all the offspring will be Bb. There can be no brown mice (bb).,No,Yes. All the male gametes will carry the dominant allele B
12、. The female gametes will carry the recessive allele b. This means that the genotype of all the offspring will be Bb. Since the allele for black is dominant, all the offspring will be black,All the male gametes will carry the dominant allele B. The female gametes will carry the recessive allele b. T
13、his means that the genotype of all the offspring will be Bb. There can be no brown mice (bb).,No,If the alleles for black and brown fur were equally dominant (codominant), an intermediate colour might result but because only the black allele is dominant, this is not a possibility,No,Question 6,Which
14、 of these organisms can be classed as producers in a food chain?,Earthworms are near the bottom of a food chain but they are not producers. They are consumers, digesting and absorbing dead organic matter in the soil,No,Mosses are producers. Although they are simple plants they contain chlorophyll an
15、d produce their food by photosynthesis,Yes,Fungi are not producers. They digest and absorb organic matter in soil, dead wood or other decomposing matter,No,Trees are producers. The chlorophyll in their leaves enables them to produce food by photosynthesis,Yes,Question 7,After blood has picked up oxy
16、gen in the lungs, what route does it take to deliver it to a muscle in the arm?,The vessels returning blood to the heart are the veins,No,This is the correct route. The oxygen will be used in respiration, perhaps to produce muscle contraction,Yes,The pulmonary vein returns blood to the left side of
17、the heart,No,The right and left chambers of the heart are completely separate, Blood cannot cross from one side to the other.,No,Question 8,A is a weak solution of sugar in water. B is a strong solution of sugar in water. M is a selectively permeable membrane. After a period of time, the solution le
18、vel will,The water molecules in A can move freely. The sugar molecules in B attract a cluster of water molecules which therefore cannot move freely. Water molecules can pass through the selectively permeable membrane in both directions but there are more freely moving water molecules in A than in B,
19、No,Yes The water molecules in A can move freely. The sugar molecules in B attract a cluster of water molecules which cannot move freely. Water molecules can pass through the selectively permeable membrane in both directions but there are more freely moving water molecules in A than in B so more wate
20、r will pass from A to B than in the other direction. The water level in A will therefore fall, and that in B will rise,This would happen if the membrane were freely permeable to water molecules and sugar molecules. The membrane, however, is selectively permeable,No,You must be joking,Question 9,Whic
21、h of these statements is most accurate? In bright sunlight a green plant will be,In bright sunlight the plant will certainly be photosynthesising, but this is not the only process going on,No,Living organisms are respiring all the time. A plant will be respiring in daylight and darkness, but in brig
22、ht sunlight you would expect photosynthesis to be taking place as well,No,Yes Respiration takes place all the time but in bright sunlight, photosynthesis will be going on as well.,Respiration uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide. Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and produces oxygen. In bright s
23、unlight, photosynthesis will be going on faster than respiration so there would be a net intake of carbon dioxide and a net output of oxygen,No,Question 10,The force which carries water up a tree trunk is produced by,Evaporation of water from the leaves (transpiration) produces a water tension which
24、 pulls water up through the xylem vessels in the trunk,Yes,Root pressure can certainly generate a force that pushes water up through the vessels in the trunk but it is not sufficient to account for the rise which takes water to the top of a tree,No,Osmosis is responsible for creating root pressure b
25、ut this is insufficient to drive water to the top of a tree,No,Active transport is something which happens in cells. It is usually concerned with the cell taking in specific substances. It cannot produce a mass flow of water.,No,Question 11,A reflex action occurs when,There are many instances where
26、a stimulus produces a response but they do not necessarily involve reflex actions. For example the stimulus of hunger produces the response to seek food. This is a voluntary response.,No,Yes. For example, the knee-jerk reflex cannot be consciously suppressed.,This is true in many cases but not all.
27、The knee-jerk reflex is a spinal reflex but the reflex change of shape in the iris of the eye must have a nervous pathway in the brain.,No,Many reflex actions are rapid but others, such as reflex salivation in response to a sour taste, are comparatively slow. Also many voluntary actions are rapid. S
28、ome of the reactions in, for example, badminton are very rapid but they are not reflex actions,No,Question 12,Pepsin, an enzyme in the stomach, will only work,The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid as well as pepsin. The pH is about 2,Yes,An enzyme will act only on one specific substrate. Pepsin wil
29、l not act on carbohydrates,No,At temperatures above 40C, most enzymes start to be denatured. That is, their molecular structure is altered and they no longer work. Pepsin will work best at body temperature, 36-37C,No,Pepsin acts only on proteins, breaking them down to smaller molecules called peptid
30、es,Yes,Question 13,A sample of food is heated with Benedicts reagent. If a red precipitate is formed it shows the presence of,Question 14,The red precipitate does indicate that a sugar is present. It does not indicate which one; glucose, sucrose, fructose etc.,Yes,Starch should not give a red precip
31、itate with Benedicts reagent although it may produce a cloudy greenish suspension. This is because heating with an alkaline reagent (Benedicts) starts to break down the starch to sugar,No,Glucose will certainly form a red precipitate when heated with Benedicts reagent but so will several other sugar
32、s; fructose for example. In practice, the conclusion that glucose is present would be acceptable.,Yes,This is the best answer. A reducing sugar is one which can reduce the copper sulphate in Benedicts reagent to copper (1) oxide (the red precipitate). Glucose, fructose, maltose and lactose are all r
33、educing sugars Sucrose is not a reducing sugar and will not produce a red precipitate with Benedicts reagent.,Yes,Question 14,The human population grows if,If more people are dying than are being born, the population will diminish,No,If birth rate and death rate both increase, the population would r
34、emain stable but the age structure of the population would change,No,People living longer could increase the population size but unless the trend persisted it is unlikely to sustain a continuing increase in population,No,This is the principal cause of the growth of a population,Yes,Question 15,The d
35、rawings represent stages in cell division in an animal cell, but in the wrong sequence. Which of the following is the correct sequence?,Cell constriction (g) occurs before the cells become separated (f),No,The nucleus divides (e) before the cell starts to constrict (d),No,This is the correct sequenc
36、e,Yes,The cell constricts (d) before the cells become separate (a),No,Question 16,The female sex hormone is produced in,The uterus does not produce oestrogen,No,Oestrogen is produced in the ovaries,Yes,The pituitary gland releases two hormones. FSH and LH which affect the ovaries production of hormo
37、nes but it does not produce oestrogen,No,The liver processes oestrogen prior to its excretion but it does not produce it.,No*,* In fact the liver does produce small quantities of oestrogen but these are insignificant compared with oestrogen produced by the ovaries,Question 17,Which of the following
38、are excretory organs?,The liver produces bile. The green bile pigments are breakdown products of haemoglobin so they are excretory products. But the production of bile is a response to the presence of food in the duodenum and bile is not specifically formed to dispose of the bile pigments. So their
39、excretion is incidental and the liver cannot be regarded as an excretory organ though it does process some excretory products which are excreted elsewhere,No,The kidneys are the excretory organs in the body. They excrete excess water, excess salt, urea and uric acid and the breakdown products of hor
40、mones and other unwanted products.,Yes,Sweat does contain sodium chloride and urea which can be regarded as excretory products. However, the sweat glands come into action in response to a rise in body temperature. The loss of salt and urea is quite incidental to the sweat glands function in temperat
41、ure control. Therefore the sweat glands cannot be regarded as excretory organs.,No,The contents of the alimentary canal have never been part of the body, so defecation is not excretion. The bile pigments are excretory products from the liver but their excretion is incidental to the main function of
42、the alimentary canal,No,Question 18,Sexual reproduction occurs when,A new organism could be the outcome of sexual reproduction but asexual reproduction also produces new organisms,No,The production of male and female gametes is an essential step in sexual reproduction but does not itself constitute
43、sexual reproduction,No,In certain animals, mating may be a part of sexual reproduction but sexual reproduction takes place in plants and a great many other organisms where mating does not occur,No,The fusion of male and female gametes is the defining moment in sexual reproduction,Yes,Question 19,The
44、 evidence and arguments for evolution by Natural Selection are (not in logical order) These variants live longer and have more offspring, Organisms in a species tend to vary, Some variants are better adapted to the environment than others, (d) Therefore there is a struggle for survival, (e) Organism
45、s have more offspring than can possibly survive, (f) If the variations are heritable, the variants will eventually predominate,. Which of the following represents a logical sequence?,The fact that organisms vary (b) does not necessitate a struggle for survival (d) The fact that organisms have more o
46、ffspring than can survive (e) needs to come at an earlier stage in the argument,No,Because organisms vary (b) does not necessarily mean that they live longer (a). It is only the better adapted variants (c) which live longer (a) The tendency to have more offspring than can survive (e) must come at an
47、 early stage in the argument,No,This is the most logical sequence,Yes,This is a reasonable sequence although the struggle for survival (d) is not necessarily a consequence of variation (b),Not quite,Question 20,The DNA molecule consists of a strand of,(f) nucleotides,These organic bases are present
48、in the DNA molecule but are only part of it,No,Deoxyribose and phosphate form the backbone of the molecule but do not constitute it,No,Protein is present in the chromosomes but not in the DNA,No,Yes. DNA is made up of a chain of nucleotides,bases,Part of a DNA molecule,End of questions,End show,Back to start,
