1、All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 1999, Hitachi, Ltd.,Slide 1,Internet/Marks,Hitachi, Ltd. 1999.4.15,16,- Visual Marks for Cyber World -,All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 1999, Hitachi, Ltd.,Slide 2,Basic Concept of Cyber-World Marks,Marks (e.g., traffic signals) are extremely useful in real world
2、.Convey information briefly and clearly Familiar to non-professionalsMarks (e.g., blue-ribbon marks) are useful BUT insecure in cyber world. Easy to forge and tamperEasy to copy-paste on unauthorized dataUseful and Secure marks are desired for cyber world.,All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 1999, Hi
3、tachi, Ltd.,Slide 3,Internet/Marks (IMs),All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 1999, Hitachi, Ltd.,Slide 4,Structure of Internet/Marks,Data on which IMs is pasted,IMs,Hash,Hash,Digital signature,Secret key,Embed by Digital Watermarking,Paste,Digital signature detects- Forge and tamper of IMs - IMs copi
4、ed on unauthorized data - Forge and tamper of data,All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 1999, Hitachi, Ltd.,Slide 5,IMs Application to WWW Authentication,WWW page on which IMs is pasted,IMs,Hash,Hash,Digital signature,Secret key,Embed by Digital Watermarking,Paste,Digital signature detects- Forge and
5、tamper of IMs - IMs copied on unauthorized data - Forge and tamper of data and - IMs and WWW page copied on unauthorized site,URL,Hash,All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 1999, Hitachi, Ltd.,Slide 6,Structure of IMs-Based WWW Authentication,CA,IMs Issuer,WWW Page Owner,1. Application for IMs withURL
6、and WWW page contents,IMs,WWW page with IMs,2. Make sign,issue IMs,3. Paste IMs on WWW page,4. Read IMs,Verify signaturewhen needed,Register public key,Public Key for signature verification*,*This process can be eliminated by embedding public key and its certificate in IMs.,WWW Page User,5. Verify c
7、urrent validationwhen needed,All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 1999, Hitachi, Ltd.,Slide 7,Alternative Methods,Digital Signature,Digital Signature,Digital Signature,1. Simple mark,2. Digital signature,3. Simple mark + Digital signature,4. Internet/Marks,All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 1999, Hita
8、chi, Ltd.,Slide 8,Comparison with Alternative Methods - Performance Summary -,All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 1999, Hitachi, Ltd.,Slide 9,Comparison with Alternative Methods - Operations -,All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 1999, Hitachi, Ltd.,Slide 10,Requirements for Internet/Marks,WWW page on
9、which IMs is pasted,IMs,Hash,Hash,Digital signature,Secret key,Embed by Digital Watermarking,Paste,URL,Hash,Requirements,Function- Hash- Sign/Verify using public-key cryptography- Embed/Detect data by watermarking technique Inclusion of signature (basic)- Visual Marks (IMs)- WWW page - URL of legitimate WWW site/page Inclusion of signature (option)- URL of IMs issueretc.,All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 1999, Hitachi, Ltd.,Slide 11,Relation between Signed XML and IMs,
