1、Bloodborne Pathogens,Murray State University Department of Environmental Safety & Health Susan Miller, Safety Training Coordinator,Bloodborne Pathogen Standard,Required by OSHA (29 CFR 1910.1030) Applies to employees in all industries who may be exposed to blood or other potentially infectious mater
2、ials (OPIM),What are Bloodborne Pathogens?,Microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria that are present in human blood and can cause diseases in humans Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Hepatitis C Virus (HCV),Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV),The virus which causes AIDS Dev
3、astates the bodys immune system 1.2 million persons living with HIV/AIDS in U.S.; 56,000 new cases in 2008 Symptoms: flu like illness, weakness, diarrhea, weight loss Signs of illness may not be present for years AIDS is chronic and fatal,Hepatitis B (HBV),Attacks the liver Survives in dried blood f
4、or up to 1 week at room temperature 300,000 new infections each year; 3,000 annually result in death Symptoms: fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, anorexia Can be chronic and fatal,Hepatitis C (HCV),Can lead to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer, in 75% of cases 4 million infected
5、in U.S. Only 25% diagnosed Can be chronic and fatal 12,000 deaths annually No effective vaccine exists,Potentially Infectious Materials,Blood Human bodily fluids such as:Semen, vaginal secretions, lung fluid Any bodily fluid containing visible blood Any bodily fluid that cannot be identified,How Are
6、 They Transmitted?,Puncture wounds caused by sharp objects Infectious materials contacting open wounds, cuts, or broken or damaged skin Infectious materials contacting mucous membranes of eyes, nose and mouth,Possible Exposure Incidents,During an accident While administering First Aid During post-ac
7、cident clean-up When performing routine maintenance or janitorial work,Exposure Control Plan,Universal precautions Engineering controls Work practice controls Post-exposure follow-up,Universal Precautions,Treat all human blood and bodily fluids as if they are infected with HIV, HBV, HCV and other bl
8、oodborne pathogens.,Engineering & Work Practice Controls,Engineering Controls Handwashing facilities Biohazard waste bags,Work Practice Controls Personal protective equipment (PPE) First aid response Spill clean-up Laundry Waste disposal Exposure response,Personal Protective Equipment,First line of
9、defense Limitations Rules: Remove before leaving work area Wash hands after removing Properly dispose of contaminated PPE,First-Aid Response,Adopt Universal Precautions Encourage self-care Use PPE Avoid applying pressure without barrier,Housekeeping: Spill Clean-up,Use PPE & Universal Precautions Co
10、ver spill or area with paper towel or rags Pour disinfectant solution over towels or rags Leave for at least 10 minutes Place materials in appropriate container Arrange for pick-up and disposal,Housekeeping: Waste Disposal,Use PPE when handling Leak-proof containers Proper labeling Labels Red Bags o
11、r Containers Drop-off sites,Housekeeping: Contaminated Laundry,Laundry soiled with blood or OPIM Use PPE Handle as little as possible Pre-soak all contaminated clothing If blood or OPIM gets on clothing, remove and thoroughly wash with detergent ASAP,Exposure Incident Response,Contact with skin: was
12、h exposed areas with antibacterial soap and running water Contact with eyes or mucous membranes: flush affected area with running water for at least 15 minutes Contact with clothing: remove contaminated clothing, wash underlying skin Report exposure to supervisor immediately,Post-Exposure Evaluation
13、,Confidential medical evaluation and follow-up after exposure incident Identify and document source and circumstances of exposure Test source individuals blood for HIV/HBV Provide blood sample Healthcare professionals written opinion,Hepatitis B Vaccination,Made available after exposure incident,Summary,Bloodborne Pathogens Transmission Potentially infectious materials Exposure incidents Prevention Universal Precautions PPE Response,Questions & Quiz,
