1、Change Drivers in Organization Development,Change Driversenvironmentglobalismdemographicstechnologyinformationeconomicspoliticscomplexity,Organizational Response:paradigm shiftnew psychological contractdecentralizingdownsizingtelecommutingvirtual organizationreengineeringteamworkLearning Organizatio
2、nmergers/acquisitionsstrategic alliancestarget marketingout-sourcingtempsinnovation,Demandstimeliness (JIT)efficiencyspeedqualitycustomizedrate of change,Worker Impactlifelong learningadaptability/flexibilitynetworkingself-loyalty,Competition !,They way it used to be,1- 4 employers1- 2 careers42-yea
3、r working lifelifetime job security,6- 10 employers3- 5 careers50-year working lifenew psychological contract,and now,The “old psychological contract” Employer: I will provide secure employment (unless you really screw up) Worker: I will provide consistent & loyal work,The “new psychological contrac
4、t” Employer: I will provide you with an opportunity to bring value to the organization and keep you so long as you continue to bring value Worker: I will stay so long as I am provided what I need & dont find something better,Creative Destruction: slubber doffers, depaters, & toerags,http:/cpcug.org/
5、user/jlacombe/terms.html,Environmental change drivers limited resources,only .5% of worlds available water is fresh toxic bacteria levels) 70% of worlds oceans are overexploited (90% reduction in tuna) global warming & flooding (1-3.5 C by 2100) decrease in biodiversity (by 2040 2/3 of all species e
6、xtinct EPA),The Technology change driver,What the takes the average person 1 day to do now, took 3 days in 1950, 1 month in 1800, lifetime in 1600 In 1900 85% of workers were in agriculture (now 3%), in 1950 73% were in manufacturing (15%), now service & knowledge workers Moores Law: chip capacity d
7、ouble every 6 months while price stays the same current annual growth rate of Internet is 100% worldwide: 500m voicemail boxes, 110m fax machines, 600 email users, over 500 million computers worldwide artificial intelligence is expected to affect 60-90% of jobs, augmenting, displacing or eliminating
8、 workers in the next five years people in the industrial world will be doing jobs differently from the past 50 years with innovation, “everything goes back to zero”,Buy American-Owned,Alka Seltzer Alpo Dogfood Aim Toothpaste Baskin Robbins Icecream Bactine Antiseptic Ball Park Franks Bayer Aspirin P
9、ic Pens, Lighter, Razor Burger King Capitol Records CBS Records Chesterfield Cigarettes Christian Brothers wine Diamond Stick Matches Dove Soap Dunlop Tires EverReady Batteries Eureka Vacuum Cleaners Firestone Tires Four Roses Whisky Frenchs Mustard Frigidaire Appliances,Friskies & Might Dog food Gl
10、idden Paint Goodyear Tire & Rubber Good Humor Icecream Green Giant Vegetables Humpty Dumpty Magazine Hires Root Beer Hills Brothers Coffee Hungry Jack Pancakes Imperial Margerine Instant Potato Mix Indian Head Textiles Jenos Pizza Kelvinator Appliances Knox Gelatine Kool Cigarettes Keebler Cookies L
11、ibbys Fruits Lifebuoy Soap Magnavox Massey-Ferguson Tractors Maxell Tapes,Michelin Tires Mr. Coffee Norelco Appliances Nescafe Coffee New Yorker Hotel Ovaltine Drink Mix One-A-Day Vitamins Panasonic Pearle Vision Center Pepsodent Toothpaste Pillsbury Cake Mix Nestle Quik Chocolate Mix Quasar Televis
12、ion Ray-O-Vac Batteries Rona Barrets magazine Seven Seas Salad Dressing Shell Oil Standard Oil Stouffer Frozen Foods Tappan Appliances Valium Tranquilizers Zig-Zag Cigarette Papers,US has 280 million consumers, 330 in EC, billion in China Of the top 50 world banks, only three US banks hold 13-15th p
13、lace 20-40% unsuccessful repatriation Increasing workforce diversification: one LA company conducted orientation in 17 languages African American purchasing power will increase 55% in each of next two decades cultural diversity demonstrates many ways to work and manage,Globalization the new marketpl
14、ace,Complexity the number of elements, their interrelationships, and degree of change in either,Revenge effects: the best intended quick solutions often create more or worse problems long term Forecasting: strategic planning based on the past are probably useless in a turbulent and complex future Pe
15、rsonality: some people are more creative, tolerant of ambiguity & risk, and adaptive to change Butterfly effect: small changes can have large and unexpected effects Computer simulations using systems theory are more capable of modeling complex systems Reengineering: increased role complexity, ambigu
16、ity, & overload, multitasking Constant change, growth, reorganization,Unemployment rates opportunities for relocation,1 billion workers are un- (150m) or underemployed worldwideby 2010 Asia will account for 60% of the worlds population1999-2050 US adds about million workers each year,20-30% of the e
17、lite skilled workforce changes jobs every year 69% believe it is acceptable to change jobs every 5 years 40% believe that for under age 30 should change jobs every 2-3 years 14% are proud of their company 30% remain loyal Working Woman identifies 32 desired family-friendly benefits Increased prefere
18、nce for flex, family and personal time and independence (alt scheduling by 25% employers) Southwestern Air receives 3,000 online resume a month,Institute of Personnel and Development, April 2000,The changing workforce,Downsizing,Rightsizing,Workforce reduction,Delayering,Redundancy elimination,Re-en
19、gineering,Restructuring,Brightsizing,Rethinking,Timesizing,Laid Off,Trimming the fat,Outplacing,Downsizing,Change DriversMergers & AcquisitionsAvoid bankruptcyPrepare for privatizationReduce costs to remain competitive,GoalsReduce expenses (46%)Increase profits (32%)Improve cash flow (24%)Increase p
20、roductivity (22%)Increase ROI (21%)Increase competitive advantage (19%)Reduce bureaucracy (17%)Improve decision making (14%)Increase customer satisfaction (14%)Increase sales (13%)Increase market share (12%)Improve product quality (9%)Advance technology (9%)Increase motivation (7%)Avoid takeover (6%
21、),Wall Street Journal, 6-6-91,Demographic change drivers,60-70% of Boomers plans to work past age 65 (and 20+ hours/week in retirement) by 2050 18-31 million will be older than 85 25% of Americans 35-54 have saved $5000 for retirement Generation X may get from 2% to 4% from Social Security Eurodesce
22、ndants are declining globally, while Asian, Hispanic & African are increasing (90% of total growth) by 2020 mental illness will be the worlds most debilitating affliction People over 50 are fastest growing, have the greatest purchasing power, control half of our disposable income, and 75% of financi
23、al assets by 2050 21% of Americans will be post-1991 immigrants and their children 32 m Americans speak languages other than English between 1990-2020 people aged 65-74 will increase 74%,Vision: “its not just imagining some future picture; its seeing and understanding the dynamic forces that shape t
24、hat place and positioning yourself for the possibilities”,Growth of the “Knowledge Worker”,The weekly edition of the NY Times has more information than a person would come across in a lifetime in 17th Century England There has been more information produced in the last 30 years than the preceding 5,
25、000 It takes 3-5 years for 50% of worker skills to become obsolete Japanese students receive 240 days/year compared with 180 US Japanese workers get 6x the training as US workers (300 hrs/6 mo) All information doubled about every 5 years; in some fields 6 months More Americans work in biotechnology
26、than in the entire machine tool industry About 75% of a products cost is determined at the conceptual stage Developed countries spend 28-30% of GNP on knowledge,“The ability to learn faster than your competitors may be the only sustainable competitive advantage-Arie de Geus, Head of Planning, Royal Dutch Shell,
