1、Menus Translation 菜名翻译,饮食文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分中国菜历史悠久,其高超的烹饪技艺和丰富的文化内涵 令外国游客大开眼界。但是因为东西方语言和文化的差异,要把中国菜名翻译得准确生动,并不是一件容易的事 。翻译菜名要抓住用料,刀法,烹调法,口味几个关键。,搞笑的英文菜名的翻译,“夫妻肺片”被译成“man and wife lung slice”(夫妻的肺片) “老虎菜”被错译成“tiger dish”(老虎做的菜) “童子鸡”被译成“Chicken without sexual life”(没有性生活的鸡)“口水鸡”译成“流口水的鸡(Slobbering Chick
2、en)”,搞笑的英文菜名的翻译,“回锅肉”翻译成“烹了两次的猪肉(Twicecooked Pork)” 游龙戏凤 chicken, shrimp, squid w/ mixed vegetable(鸡,虾,鱿鱼,杂菜) 雪蛤红莲 bird nest red bean soup(鸟窝红豆汤)“宫保鸡丁”译名“公家强暴鸡”(government abuse chicken),搞笑的英文菜名的翻译,红烧狮子头 braise the head of a lion in soy sauce (汉语的意思是红烧一头狮子的头) 干煸鱼头fuck a fish head 麻婆豆腐 (Beancurd made
3、 by a pock-marked woman),准确的英文菜名的翻译,“麻婆豆腐”音译为“Mapo Tofu”, “童子鸡”意译为“Steamed Spring Chicken”(清蒸雏鸡), “红烧狮子头”按原料及制作方法译为“Braised Pork Balls in Soy Sauce”(用棕色调料炖烂的肉丸), “夫妻肺片”则译成“Beef and Ox Tripe in Chili Sauce”(泡在辣椒酱里的牛肉和黄牛肚)。 “咕噜肉”首先拼音,后面注明了口味Sweet and Sour Pork with Fat,中国菜肴名称的翻译须根据中国菜名的分类进行,中国菜肴精品选料严格
4、、刀功精细,注意火候、调味多变,且讲究拼盘造型和菜名的诗情画意,色、香、味、形、意惧全,给人以美好的享受和长久的回味。,一、以主料开头的翻译方法,1、介绍菜肴的主料和辅料: 公式:主料(形状)+(with)辅料 例: 杏仁鸡丁chicken cubes with almond 牛肉豆腐beef with bean curd 西红柿炒蛋Scrambled egg with tomato,杏仁鸡丁,2、介绍菜肴的主料和味汁:公式:主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁例:芥末鸭掌duck webs with mustard sauce葱油鸡 chicken in Scallion oil,米酒鱼卷
5、fish rolls with rice wine 茄汁鱼片sliced fish with tomato sauce,二、以烹制方法开头的翻译方法,1、介绍菜肴的烹法和主料:公式:烹法+主料(形状) 例:软炸里脊soft-fried pork fillet烤乳猪roast suckling pig炒鳝片Stir-fried eel slices回锅肉Twice-cooked Pork,2、介绍菜肴的烹法和主料、辅料 公式:烹法+主料(形状)+(with)辅料 仔姜烧鸡条 braised chicken fillet with tender ginger,3、介绍菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁: 公式
6、:烹法+主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁 例:红烧牛肉braised beef with brown sauce鱼香肉丝fried shredded pork with Sweet and sour sauce清炖猪蹄stewed pig hoof in clean soup,三、以形状或口感开头的翻译方法,1、介绍菜肴的形状(口感)和主料、辅料 公式:形状(口感)+主料+(with)辅料 例:芝麻酥鸡crisp chicken with sesame 陈皮兔丁diced rabbit with orange peel 时蔬鸡片sliced chicken with seasonal ve
7、getables 红油麻辣白斩鸡 Spicy chicken with hot oil,2、介绍菜肴的口感、烹法和主料 公式:口感+烹法+主料 例:香酥排骨crisp fried spareribs水煮嫩鱼tender stewed fish香煎鸡块fragrant fried chicken酥炸鸡条 Crisp fried fish strip,3、介绍菜肴的形状(口感)、主料和味汁 公式:形状(口感)+主料+(with)味汁 例:茄汁鱼片sliced fish with tomato sauce 椒麻鸡块cutlets chicken with hot pepper 黄酒脆皮虾仁crisp
8、 shrimps with rice wine sauce 蒜泥白肉 Sliced side pork with spicy garlic sauce,比如:醋溜土豆:主料是土豆,口味偏酸,可译为potato with vinegar flavour, 糖醋里脊:主料是猪肉,口味偏甜,可译为pork with sugar vinegar flavour。中国菜的味道与所用原料,烹饪方法,形状等相比就要简单的多。大多数的中国菜味道就是咸、酸、(麻)辣、甜。由于咸是几乎所有中国菜都有的味道,所以翻译时可以省略。,四、以人名或地名开头的翻译方法,中华饮食文化源远流长,很多菜名都蕴含着丰富的历史典故和
9、优美传说。因此在翻译以人名、地名、典故、传说命名的菜肴时首先要面对的问题是:究竟是翻译得直白一些让外宾一看就明白是什么菜,还是为了体现中国文化而保留其文化特色?,1、介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料 公式:人名(地名)+主料 例:麻婆豆腐Ma Po beancurd 四川水饺Sichuan boiled dumpling 左宗棠虾 General Chos shrimp,2、介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、烹法和主料 公式:人名(地名)+烹法+主料 例:东坡煨肘DongPo stewed pork joint 北京烤鸭Roast Beijing Duck 西湖醋鱼 Westlake vinegar
10、 fish,翻译的多样性,在中餐菜名翻译成英文的过程中,可以采用多种不同的方法,而且每一道菜都可以从不同的角度入手进行翻译。例如,川菜中的“宫保鸡丁“这道菜就有以下几种译法:1.sauteed chicken cubes with peanuts2.Gongbao chicken cubes3.diced chicken with chilli and peanuts,已被外宾接受的传统食品的翻译,具有中国特色的且也被外宾接受的传统食品,本着推广汉语及中国文化的原则,应全部使用汉语拼音,即使使用的是地方语言拼写或音译拼写的菜名,也应保留其拼写方式。如:“窝头”、“饺子”、“油条”、“汤圆”等。
11、这种方法,在其他国家的餐饮里也屡见不鲜:日本寿是(SUSHI),朝鲜泡菜(KIMCHI)都是直接用音译,已经在西方获得广泛的采用。,菜名的艺术,蚂蚁上树 掌上明珠 桃园三结义 Stir fried vermicelli/bean starch noodles with minced pork Duck webs with eggs Mashed dates, lotus seeds, and green peas,其他技法 直译类 锅贴 pot sticker(这个翻译非常直接,锅就是锅,贴就是贴) 酸辣汤 hot&sour soup(又辣又酸的汤) 春卷 spring rolls(春天的卷)
12、 柠檬牛肉 lemon beef 炒杂菜 mixed vegetable(混合在一起的菜) 叫化鸡 beggars chicken(乞丐鸡),四喜丸子 four-joy meatballs(四个快乐的肉球) 清蒸鱼 steam fish 火锅 hot pot(热锅) 烤鸭 roasted duck 可以看到以上一些翻译,没有涉及文化内涵,而仅仅涉及制作方法或者口味的,似乎比较容易成功,而类似“四喜丸子”这样的菜名译法,看起来令人忍俊不禁。,2、音译类 馄饨 won ton 叉烧 char shiu 炒面 chow mein 捞面 lo mein 炒河粉 chow fun 豆腐 tofu 麻婆豆
13、腐 mar-boh tofu 从这类翻译中我们可以看出中国文化远走他乡,在异国生根,被异国文化所包容接纳的一面。,3、曲译类 中国菜名中一些非常诗意的元素,用英文实在无法体现出来。 白云凤爪 chicken leg(鸡脚) 四宝豆腐羹 steam tofu soup(蒸豆腐汤) 炒素丁 vegetable roll(菜卷子) 鸳鸯馒头 shanghai buns(上海馒头) 百年好合 red bean fresh lily bulb(红豆百合茎) 在以上菜名中,有一些综合了中国历史、戏曲、民俗等方面的内容于一身,用英文根本无法传递其中复杂的内涵,于是只好用所采用的食材来予以替代。,要将中餐菜单
14、翻译成英文,就先得了解中餐菜名的构成及命名方法。 中餐菜名通常由原料名称,烹制方法、菜肴的色香味形器、菜肴的创始人或发源地等构成。 这种反映菜肴内容和特色的命名方法叫做写实性命名法,此外还有反映菜肴深刻含义的写意性命名法。,由于汉语和英语的差异很大,我们在把中餐菜名由中文译成英文的时候,应该采用写实性命名法,尽量将菜肴的原料、烹制方法、菜肴的味型等翻译出来,让客人一目了然。 将以下几点“公式“介绍如下,以供参考。,对于艺术命名法的菜名,其名称本身既不反映菜的原料,也不反映烹调方法,若要讲清其意义,必须讲述一个故事或一段历史。翻译时则先直译出菜名的中文意思,再进行解释。,佛跳墙 The Budd
15、hist monk jumping over the wall-Ingredients used for the casserole are all delicacies of Chinese cooking: sharks fin, sea cucumber, abalone, dried scallop, ham, chicken, duck, lamb, bamboo shoots, mushrooms and various spices. These are sealed inside the casserole and boiled for long hours, ensuring
16、 the essence of each ingredient is being extracted. Thus, besides the wonderful taste, the casserole also has high nutritive values. The meaning of “the Buddhist monk jumping over the wall” is that, this dish is so delicious that the Buddhist monk can not help to jump over the wall and have a taste.
17、,意译法 有时人们根据菜的主料和配料色或形的特点,或烹调后总体造型给菜肴取个吉祥如意的典雅名称,对于这类艺术命名法或虚实命名法的菜名一般采用意译,舍形或舍音求意,将其原料和烹法照实译出。如比如,有一道菜叫“金玉满堂”,其实就是虾仁鸡蛋汤,可如果照菜名字面意思翻译成“Hall full of Gold and Jades”,外国客人准得大吃一惊,“How can Chinese people eat gold and jades?”这不把国人当成怪物才怪。而如果译成“shrimp and egg soup”的话,大家就很容易理解了。,菜单中有一道菜,名为“桃花饭”。刚一开始我把它直译成“Peac
18、h -flower meal”。事后,汉森大使对我说,英国大使说,你翻译的有些菜名他们看不懂。 “桃花饭”又名“三鲜锅巴”,可译成“Baked (Deep-fried) crisp-rice-crusts with hot sauce of three delicacies”。这个菜除了色、香、味之外,还产生一股热气和咝咝的响声,能够营造一种热烈氛围。文革期间,这个菜在北京的外交使团非常受欢迎。有些西方国家的外交官干脆把这个菜称为“轰炸东京” “Bombardment of Tokyo”或“轰炸广岛”,“ Atomic bomb on Hiroshima”。,大丰收,实际上是西餐中的什锦生菜沙
19、拉,这个菜名很有创意。堪称中西结合的典范。但是,只有吃过的人才知道它是什么。可以用汉语拼音,Dafengshou ,Big harvest,再加注:Salad of assorted fresh vegetables,驴打滚,属于北京风味小吃,就是年糕卷沾黄豆面,如同驴在黄土地上打滚,非常形象生动,完全可以翻译成Donkey rolling on dust- ground,再加注:Rolls made of glutinous rice flour coated with soybean flour,looks like d rolling on dust-ground.,糖葫芦或冰糖葫芦,北
20、京特产,用汉语拼音,Bingtanghulu 加注:Crisp-sugar coated fruit (haws, yam, crab apple ,etc )on a stick.,Go believe,狗不理包子,中国特产,用汉语拼音,Goubuli baozi ,加注:Steamed buns filled with vegetables, meat or other ingredients, which, even in the hard days, dogs didnt eat ,because it was too oily 天津市“狗不理”集团有限公司在国家工商总局商标局注册了“
21、gobelieve”英文商标。“洋名”公布后引发争议,有人认为很有创意,有人则认为丧失了原本的文化含义。,翻译练习,一、以主料开头的翻译方法 1、介绍菜肴的主料(major ingredient or material)和辅料(minor ingredient): Formula:主料(形状)+(with)辅料 杏仁鸡丁 chicken cubes with almond 牛肉豆腐 beef with bean curd (tofu, doufu) 西红柿炒蛋 Scrambled egg with tomato,2、介绍菜肴的主料和味汁sauce: Formula:主料(形状)+(with,
22、in)味汁 芥末鸭掌 duck webs with mustard sauce 葱油鸡 chicken in Scallion oil 米酒鱼卷 fish rolls with rice wine,二、以烹制方法开头的翻译方法 1、介绍菜肴的烹法(cooking method)和主料: Formula:烹法+主料(形状) 软炸里脊 soft-fried pork fillet 烤乳猪 roast suckling pig 炒鳝片 Stir-fried eel slices 清蒸鳊鱼 Steamed bream fish,2、介绍菜肴的烹法和主料、辅料 公式:烹法+主料(形状)+(with)辅料
23、 仔姜烧鸡条 braised chicken fillet with tender ginger醋溜仔鸡 Fried Spring Chicken with Vinegar Sauce辣子炒肉丁 Stir-fried Diced Pork with Green Pepper,3、介绍菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁: 公式:烹法+主料(形状)+(with,in)味 例:红烧牛肉 braised beef with brown sauce 鱼香肉丝 fried shredded pork with Sweet and sour sauce 清炖猪蹄 stewed pig hoof in clean sou
24、p,三、以形状或口感开头的翻译方法 1、介绍菜肴的形状(口感)和主料、辅料 公式:形状(口感)+主料+(with)辅料 例: 芝麻酥鸡 crisp chicken with sesame 陈皮兔丁 diced rabbit with orange peel 时蔬鸡片 sliced chicken with seasonal vegetables,2、介绍菜肴的口感、烹法和主料 公式:口感+烹法+主料 例:香酥排骨 crisp fried spareribs 水煮嫩鱼 tender stewed fish 香煎鸡块 fragrant fried chicken,3、介绍菜肴的形状(口感)、主料和
25、味汁 公式:形状(口感)+主料+(with)味汁 例:茄汁鱼片 sliced fish with tomato sauce 椒麻鸡块 cutlets chicken with hot pepper 黄酒脆皮虾仁 crisp shrimps with rice wine sauce,四、以人名或地名开头的翻译方法 1、介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料 公式:人名(地名)+主料 例:麻婆豆腐 Ma Po bean curd 四川水饺 Sichuan boiled dumpling,2、介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、烹法和主料 公式:人名(地名)+烹法+主料 例:东坡煨肘 DongPo stewed
26、pork joint 北京烤鸭 Roast Beijing Duck,在中餐菜名翻译成英文的过程中,可以采用多种不同的方法,而且每一道菜都可以从不同的角度入手进行翻译。例如,川菜中的“宫保鸡丁”这道菜就有以下几种译法: 1.sauteed chicken cubes with peanuts 2.Gongbao chicken cubes 3.diced chicken with chili and peanuts,由此可见,中餐菜名的英译方法是灵活多变的。至于我们在翻译中应该采用哪种方法,可根据各人的习惯和具体情况确定。只要掌握了第一种以主料开头的翻译方法,对其它种类的翻译方法便可以触类旁通
27、 。,中国地域辽阔,民族众多,因此各种中国饮食口味不同,却都味美,令人垂涎。因为中国地方菜肴各具特色,总体来讲,中国饮食可以大致分为八大地方菜系,这种分类已被广为接受。当然,还有其他很多著名的地方菜系,例如北京菜和上海菜。,中餐菜谱翻译法常用表达法,Epressing Names of Chinese Dishes 常用表达 饮食文化 catering culture 四大菜系 four cuisines 川/鲁/扬州/粤菜 Sichuan/Shandong/Yangzhou/Cantonese Cuisine 中餐烹饪艺术 Chinese culinary art 天然配料 natural
28、ingredient 烹饪方法 method of preparation 色、香、味 color, aroma and taste,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 常用表达 装盘、摆放和图案 layout and design of dish 佐料的调配 the blending of seasonings 装盘上桌 lay out the food on the plate for table 主食 staple food 四道冷盘 four courses of cold dishes 热炒 hot dishes 外加汤和米饭 cou
29、pled with soup and steamed rice,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 常用表达 观赏性大菜 whole-size showpiece dish 点心 pastry 公筷 serving/public chopsticks 饮食习惯 food style 民族餐馆 ethnic restaurant 丰盛的饭菜 solid diet 家乡特色菜 native specialty 食谱 recipe,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 最常见的中国特色食品 扬州炒饭 Y
30、angchow Fried Rice 炒米粉 Fried Ground Rice Noodles 粥, 稀饭 congee, rice gruel, porridge 小米粥 millet gruel 糯米粥 cooked glutinous rice 冷面,凉面 cold noodles 炸酱面 noodles with fried brown sauce,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 最常见的中国特色食品 叉烧包 steamed bun filled with minced meat and shrimp 葱油饼 pan-fried
31、cake with sesame seeds and green onion 油条 fried twisted stick 锅贴 pan-fried dumpling/ravioli,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 最常见的中国特色食品 花卷 steamed twist roll 饺子 Chinese ravioli, dumpling 馒头 steamed bun, steamed bread 汤圆 glutinous rice dumpling in soup 小笼包 steamed meat dumpling 粽子 rice dump
32、ling wrapped in reed leaves,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 常见用料 鸡 chicken 鸭 duck 鹅 goose 鱼 fish 肉 meat 猪肉 pork 牛肉 beef 小牛肉veal 羊肉 mutton 小羊肉lamb 牛尾 oxtail 里脊 fillet 排骨 spareribs 腰子 kidney 肚子 tripe 肝 liver 舌 tongue 下水 offals 蹄子trotter 胗 gizzard 鸡什 giblets 鹿肉 venison 鸡脯 chicken breast 甲鱼 t
33、urtle,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 常见用料 海味 seafood 虾 shrimp 干贝scallop 螃蟹 crab 鱿鱼 squid 海蜇jellyfish 黄鳝 finless eel 海螺 whelk 野味 game 兔 rabbit 鸽 pigeon 鹌鹑 quail 龙虾 lobster 牡蛎 oyster 田螺 snail 田鸡 frog 蛇 snake 腌肉bacon 香肠 sausage 火腿 ham 熊掌bears paw 鱼翅 sharks fin 燕窝 birds nest,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressi
34、ng Names of Chinese Dishes 切煮前的准备工作 去骨 boning 例如:去骨鸭掌 boned duck webs 打鳞 scaling 例如:去鳞鱼 scaled fish 剥/去皮skinning 例如:去皮田鸡 skinned frogs 脱壳 shelling 例如: 虾仁 shelled shrimps 腌制 pickling 例如: 咸酸菜 pickled vegetables,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 常用刀法 切片slice 切丝shred 切丁dice 切柳fillet 切碎mince 捣烂m
35、ash 酿入stuff 常用用料形状 肉/鱼片 sliced meat/fish meat/fish slices 肉丝 shredded meat pork shreds 肉/鸡丁 diced port/chicken meat/chicken cubes 肉末 minced meat 肉丸 meat balls 肉陷 meat filling,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 中餐常见的烹调方法 煮 boiled 煮咸牛肉 Boiled Corned Beef 煲/炖 stewed 清炖牛尾 Stewed Ox Tail in Clear
36、 Soap 烧 braised 红烧牛蹄 Braised Ox Trotter in Brown Sauce 煎 (pan-) fried 煎明虾 Fried Prawns,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 炒 stir-fried 炒鸡丁 Stir-fried Chicken Dices 爆 quick-fried 葱爆羊肉 Quick-fried Lamb with Scallion in Ginger Sauce 炸 deep-fried 炸大虾 Deep-fried Prawns 扒 fried and simmered 虾子扒海参
37、Fried and Simmered Sea Cucumber with Shrimp Roe,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 煸 sauted 干煸鳝鱼 Sauted Eel Slices 煨 simmered 煨牛肉 Simmered Beef 焖 braised 黄酒焖猪排 Braised Pork Chops in Rice Wine 烩 braised 烩鸡丝 Braised Chicken Shreds with Peas,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 熏 smoked 熏
38、鱼 Smoked Fish 烘 baked 烘鸽 Baked Pigeon 蒸 steamed 蒸鲜鱼 Steamed Fresh Fish 酱/醋 marinated 酱鸡 Marinated Chicken,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 卤 spicy; stewed in gravy 卤鸭 Spicy Duck 涮 instant-boiled 涮羊肉Instant-boiled Mutton Slices 酿 stuffed 酿青椒 Stuffed Green Pepper 烤 roast; barbecued 烤鹅 Roast
39、Goose,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 清蒸 steamed (in clear soap) 清蒸桂鱼 Steamed Mandarin Fish 清炖 stewed in clear soap 清炖甲鱼 Stewed Turtle in Clear Soap 白灼/嫩煮 scalded 白灼海虾 Scalded Prawns 红烧 braised in brown sauce 红烧蹄筋 Braised Pork Tendon in Brown Sauce,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dish
40、es 干烧 in pepper sauce 干烧干贝 Scallop in Pepper Sauce 麻辣 with hot pepper 麻辣豆腐 Bean Curd with Hot Pepper/Spice Bean Curd 酱爆 in bean sauce 酱爆肉丁 Diced Pork in Bean Sauce 鱼香 fish-flavored/in (spicy) garlic sauce 鱼香肉丝Fish-flavored Shredded Pork/in Garlic Sauce,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 糖醋 w
41、ith sweet and sour sauce 糖醋排骨 Spareribs with Sweet and Sour Sauce 宫保 with chili and peanuts 宫保鸡丁 Diced Chicken with Chili and Peanuts 脆皮 crisp (in spicy sauce) 脆皮鱼 Crisp Fish 香酥 crisp fried 香酥鸡 Crisp Fried Chicken,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 焦熘 fried in sauce 焦熘鱼片 Fried Fish Slices in
42、 Sauce 甜酸 sweet & sour 甜酸肉 Sweet & Sour Pork 胡辣 with pepper and chili 胡辣海参 Sea Slug with Pepper and Chili 油淋 drip-fried with oil 油淋兔 Drip-fried Rabbit With Oil 干煸 dry- sauted 干煸四季豆 Dry- sauted String Beans,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 盐水 boiled in salt water 盐水虾 Boiled Shrimps in Salt
43、Water 家常 home style 家常豆腐 Bean Curd Home Style 陈皮 with spicy orange peel 陈皮鸡 Chicken in Spicy Orange Peel 回锅 double-sauted; twice-cooked 回锅肉 Double-sauted Pork Slices; Twice-cooked Pork Slices in Brown Sauce,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 五香 spiced 五香牛肉 Spiced Beef 干炸 dry deep-fried 干炸羊肉
44、Dry Deep-fried Lamb Breast 软炸 soft deep-fried 软炸里脊 Soft Deep-fried Pork Fillet 串烧 skewered 串烧羊肉青椒 Skewered Mutton with Green Pepper,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 铁扒 grilled 铁扒乳鸽 Grilled Baby Pigeon 烧烤 roast 烤乳猪 Roast Suckling Pig 砂锅 in casserole 砂锅鱼翅 Sharks Fin in Casserole 锅巴 with sizz
45、ling/crispy rice crust 锅巴海参 Sea Slug with Sizzling/Crispy Rice Crust,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 芙蓉 with egg white 芙蓉海参 Sea Cucumbers with Egg White 麻酱 with sesame paste 麻酱海参 Beche-de-mer With Sesame Paste 三鲜 with two other delicacies; with three delicious ingredients 三鲜海参 Sea Cucumbe
46、rs With Other Two Delicacies 三鲜汤 Consomm With Three Delicious Ingredients (with shredded chicken, ham and bamboo shoots),中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 醋溜 in vinegar sauce/gravy 醋溜白菜 Sauted Cabbage in Vinegar Sauce/Gravy 糟溜 in distilled grains sauce 糟溜鸡片 Sliced Chicken in Distilled Grain
47、s Sauce 凉拌 in soy sauce 凉拌海蜇 Jellyfish in Soy Sauce 酸辣 hot and sour 酸辣黄瓜 Hot and Sour Cucumber,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 姜汁 in ginger sauce 姜汁扁豆 Snap Beans in Ginger Sauce 蚝油 in oyster sauce 蚝油香菇 Mushrooms in Oyster Sauce 蒜泥 with mashed garlic 蒜泥胡豆 Broad Beans With Mashed Garlic 什锦
48、mixed, assorted 什锦冬粉 Assorted Shreds With Vermicelli 什锦色拉 Mixed Vegetable Salad With Ham,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 茄汁 in tomato sauce 茄汁鸡脯 Chicken Breast in Tomato Sauce 咖喱 with curry 咖喱牛肉 Fried Beef With Curry 八宝 (stuffed) with eight delicacies 八宝鸡 Chicken Stuffed With Eight Delica
49、cies 葱爆 quick-fried with scallion in ginger sauce 葱爆羊肉 Quick-fried Lamb With Scallion in Ginger Sauce,中餐菜谱翻译法,Expressing Names of Chinese Dishes 粉蒸 steamed in rice flour 粉蒸牛肉 Steamed Beef in Rice Flour 奶油 in cream sauce 奶油鱼肚 Fried Fish Maw in Cream Sauce 木犀 with scrambled eggs and fungus 木犀肉 Fried Pork With Scrambled Eggs and Fungus 醉 liquor-preserved 醉虾 Liquor-preserved Crabs,