1、GMAT（ VERBAL）逻辑推理模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 1 A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much lower on tests of mental health than do people with normal or high immune-system activity. The researcher concluded from this experiment that the immune system protect
2、s against mental illness as well as against physical disease. The researcher s conclusion would be most seriously weakened if it were true that （ A） there was a one-year delay between the completion of a pilot study for the experiment and the initiation of the experiment itself. （ B） peoples levels
3、of immune-system activity are not affected by their use of medications. （ C） a few people with high immune-system activity had scores on the test of mental health that were similar to the scores of people who had normal immune-system activity. （ D） people who have low immune-system activity tend to
4、contract more viral infections than do people with normal or high immune-system activity. （ E） high levels of stress first cause mental illness and then cause decreased immune-system activity in normal individuals. 2 The skulls and pelvic bones of some species of dinosaur share characteristics with
5、the skulls and pelvic bones of all modern birds. Even though not all dinosaurs have these characteristics , there are scientists who claim that all animals that do have these characteristics are dinosaurs.If the statements above and the claim of the scientists are true, which of the following must a
6、lso be true? （ A） Birds share more characteristics with dinosaurs than they do with other animals. （ B） Some ancient dinosaurs were indistinguishable from modern birds. （ C） All animals whose skulls share the characteristics of those of modern birds also have pelvic bones that are similar to those o
7、f modern birds. （ D） Modern birds are dinosaurs. （ E） All dinosaurs are birds. 3 The ice on the front windshield of the car had formed when moisture condensed during the night. The ice melted quickly after the car was warmed up the next morning because the defrosting vent, which blows only on the fr
8、ont windshield, was turned on full force. Which of the following, if true, most seriously jeopardizes the validity of the explanation for the speed with which the ice melted? （ A） The side windows had no ice condensation on them. （ B） Even though no attempt was made to defrost the back window, the i
9、ce there melted at the same rate as did the ice on the front windshield. （ C） The speed at which ice on a window melts increases as the temperature of the air blown on the window increases. （ D） The warm air from the defrosting vent for the front windshield cools rapidly as it dissipates throughout
10、the rest of the car. （ E） The defrosting vent operates efficiently even when the heater, which blows warm air toward the feet or faces of the driver and passengers, is on. 4 Pandas are rapidly disappearing from the wild. Therefore, in order to preserve the species, existing pandas should be caplured
11、 and placed in zoos around the world. Which of the following statements, if true, casts most doubt on the conclusion drawn above? （ A） When in captivity, pandas typically produce more young than they do in their native habitat. （ B） Newborn pandas in zoos are not likely to die from infectious diseas
12、es, whereas newborn pandas in the wild are likely to die from these diseases. （ C） Sufficient quantities of bamboo, the pandas only food, cannot be made available outside the pandas native habitat. （ D） Many zoos are eager to increase their stock of rare and exotic animals, but there are not enough
13、pandas for all the zoos that want one. （ E） Pandas in zoos have as many offspring that survive to adulthood as do pandas in the wild. 5 Over the past fifteen years, the largely urbanized Northeastern United States has shown more and more the influence of the Southwestern portion of the country. Once
14、, very few people in New York City could be found sporting cowboy boots and Stetson hats, and no major radio station boasted twenty-four-hour-a-day programming of country and western music. The latest development is the rapid proliferation of restaurants serving chili, nachos, burritos, and other Te
15、x-Mex dishes. The passage above makes which of the following assumptions? （ A） The lifestyle of people in the Northeast has been enriched by the influence of the Southwestern states. （ B） Most residents of the Southwestern states regularly eat at Tex-Mex restaurants. （ C） Over the last fifteen years
16、, residents of the Southwestern United States have increasingly adopted lifestyles similar to those of the Northeast. （ D） Tex-Mex dishes are an element of the regional cuisine of the Southwestern states. （ E） People in the Northeastern United States eat out more frequently than they did fifteen yea
17、rs ago. 6 Popular culture in the United States has become Europeanized to an extent unimaginable twenty-five years ago. Not many people then drank wine with meals, and no one drank imported mineral water. No idea would have been more astonishing than that Americans would pay to watch soccer games. S
18、uch thoughts arise because of a report that the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials has just adopted a proposal to develop the countrys first comprehensive interstate system of routes for bicycles. Which of the following inferences is best supported by the passage? （ A
19、） Long-distance bicycle routes are used in Europe. （ B） Drinking imported mineral water is a greater luxury than drinking imported wine. （ C） United States culture has benefited from exposure to foreign ideas. （ D） Most Europeans make regular use of bicycles. （ E） The influence of the United States
20、on European culture has assumed unprecedented proportions in the last twenty-five years. 7 Unlike other forms of narrative art, a play, to be successful , must give pleasure to its immediate audience by reflecting the concerns and values of that audience. A novel can achieve success over months or e
21、ven years, but a play must be a hit or perish. Successful drama of the Restoration period, therefore, is a good index to the typical tastes and attitudes of its time. The author of the passage above assumes that （ A） plays written for Restoration audiences do not appeal to modern audiences. （ B） pla
22、ys are superior to novels as a form of narrative art. （ C） Restoration audiences were representative of the whole population of their time. （ D） playgoers and novel readers are typically distinct and exclusive groups. （ E） Restoration drama achieved popular success at the expense of critical success
23、. 8 A small dose of widely used tranquilizer allows people to lie during lie detector tests without being discovered. The stress responses that lie detector tests measure can be inhibited by the drug without noticeable side effects. One of the implications of this fact is that the drug can also be e
24、ffective in reducing stress in everyday situations. An assumption of the passage is that （ A） tranquilizers are always an effective treatment for stress. （ B） the inhibition of stress responses increases subjective stress. （ C） stress as measured by a lie detector is similar to everyday stress. （ D）
25、 persons who lie during a lie detector test always display signs of stress. （ E） it is not desirable to reduce stress in everyday situations. 9 Even though most universities retain the royalties from faculty members inventions, the faculty members retain the royalties from books and articles they wr
26、ite. Therefore, faculty members should retain the royalties from the educational computer software they develop. The conclusion above would be more reasonably drawn if which of the following were inserted into the argument as an additional premise? （ A） Royalties from inventions are higher than roya
27、lties from educational software programs. （ B） Faculty members are more likely to produce educational software programs than inventions. （ C） Inventions bring more prestige to universities than do books and articles. （ D） In the experience of most universities, educational software programs are more
28、 marketable than are books and articles. （ E） In terms of the criteria used to award royalties, educational software programs are more nearly comparable to books and articles than to inventions. 10 When limitations were in effect on nuclear-arms testing, people tended to save more of their money, bu
29、t when nuclear-arms testing increased, people tended to spend more of their money. The perceived threat of nuclear catastrophe, therefore, decreases the willingness of people to postpone consumption for the sake of saving money. The argument above assumes that （ A） the perceived threat of nuclear ca
30、tastrophe has increased over the years. （ B） most people supported the development of nuclear arms. （ C） peoples perception of the threat of nuclear catastrophe depends on the amount of nuclear-arms testing being done. （ D） the people who saved the most money when nuclear-arms testing was limited we
31、re the ones who supported such limitations. （ E） there are more consumer goods available when nuclear-arms testing increases. 11 If the airspace around centrally located airports were restricted to commercial airliners and only those private planes equipped with radar, most of the private-plane traf
32、fic would be forced to use outlying airfields. Such a reduction in the amount of private-plane traffic would reduce the risk of midair collision around the centrally located airports. The conclusion drawn in the first sentence depends on which of the following assumptions? （ A） Outlying airfields wo
33、uld be as convenient as centrally located airports for most pilots of private planes. （ B） Most outlying airfields are not equipped to handle commercial-airline traffic. （ C） Most private planes that use centrally located airports are not equipped with radar. （ D） Commercial airliners are at greater
34、 risk of becoming involved in midair collisions than are private planes. （ E） A reduction in the risk of midair collision would eventually lead to increases in commercial-airline traffic. 12 Traditionally, decision-making by managers that is reasoned step-by-step has been considered preferable to in
35、tuitive decision-making. However, a recent study found that top managers used intuition significantly more than did most middle or lower-level managers. This confirms the alternative view that intuition is actually more effective than careful, methodical reasoning. The conclusion above is based on w
36、hich of the following assumptions? （ A） Methodical, step-by-step reasoning is inappropriate for making many real-life management decisions. （ B） Top managers have the ability to use either intuitive reasoning or methodical, step-by-step reasoning in making decisions. （ C） The decisions made by middl
37、e and lower-level managers can be made as easily by using methodical reasoning as by using intuitive reasoning. （ D） Top managers use intuitive reasoning in making the majority of their decisions. （ E） Top managers are more effective at decision-making than middle or lower-level managers. 13 A famou
38、s singer recently won a lawsuit against an advertising firm for using another singer in a commercial to evoke the famous singer s well-known rendition of a certain song. As a result of the lawsuit, advertising firms will stop using imitators in commercials. Therefore, advertising costs will rise, si
39、nce famous singers services cost more than those of their imitators. The conclusion above is based on which of the following assumptions? （ A） Most people are unable to distinguish a famous singers rendition of a song from a good imitator s rendition of the same song. （ B） Commercials using famous s
40、ingers are usually more effective than commercials using imitators of famous singers. （ C） The original versions of some well-known songs are unavailable for use in commercials. （ D） Advertising firms will continue to use imitators to mimic the physical mannerisms of famous singers. （ E） The adverti
41、sing industry will use well-known renditions of songs in commercials. 14 In recent years many cabinetmakers have been winning acclaim as artists. But since furniture must be useful, cabinetmakers must exercise their craft with an eye to the practical utility of their product. For this reason, cabine
42、tmaking is not art. Which of the following is an assumption that supports drawing the conclusion above from the reason given for that conclusion? （ A） Some furniture is made to be placed in museums, where it will not be used by anyone. （ B） Some cabinetmakers are more concerned than others with the
43、practical utility of the products they produce. （ C） Cabinetmakers should be more concerned with the practical utility of their products than they currently are. （ D） An object is not an art object if its maker pays attention to the objects practical utility. （ E） Artists are not concerned with the
44、monetary value of their products. 15 The best argument for the tenure system that protects professional employment in universities is that it allows veteran faculty to hire people smarter than they are and yet remain secure in the knowledge that unless they themselves are caught in an act of moral t
45、urpitude a concept that in the present climate almost defies definition the younger faculty cannot turn around and fire them. This is not true in industry. Which of the following assumptions is most likely to have been made by the author of the argument above? （ A） Industry should follow the example
46、 of universities and protect the jobs of managers by instituting a tenure system. （ B） If no tenure system existed, veteran faculty would be reluctant to hire new faculty who might threaten the veteran facultys own jobs. （ C） The traditional argument that the tenure system protects scholars in unive
47、rsities from being dismissed for holding unconventional or unpopular beliefs is no longer persuasive. （ D） If a stronger consensus concerning what constitutes moral turpitude existed, the tenure system in universities would be expendable. （ E） Veteran faculty will usually hire and promote new facult
48、y whose scholarship is more up-to-date than their own. 16 The population of peregrine falcons declined rapidly during the 1950s and 1960s and reached an all-time low in the early 1970s. The decline was attributed by scientists to the widespread use of the pesticide DDT in rural areas. Which of the f
49、ollowing, if true, gives the strongest support to the scientists claim? （ A） DDT was not generally in use in areas devoted to heavy industry. （ B） In the time since the use of DDT was banned in 1972, the population of peregrine falcons has been steadily increasing. （ C） Peregrine falcons, like other birds of prey, abandon eggs that have fallen out of the nest, even if the eggs remain intact. （ D） Starlings, house sparrows, and blue jays-birds the peregrine falcon preys on were not adversely affected by DDT in their habitats. （ E） Other birds of prey, such as the osprey, the
