1、上海交通大学考博英语模拟试卷 15及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Although the false banknotes fooled many people, they did not_to a close examination. （ A） keep up （ B） put up （ C） stand up （ D） look up 2 When I bent down to tie my shoelace, the seat of my trousers_. （ A） split （ B） cracked （ C） broke （ D） hol
2、ed 3 His_thighs were barely strong enough to support the weight of his body. （ A） inanimate （ B） rustic （ C） malleable （ D） shrunken 4 To get my travellers cheques I had to_a special cheque to the bank for the total amount. （ A） make for （ B） make out （ C） make up （ D） make off 5 She described the d
3、istribution of food and medical supplies as a_nightmare. （ A） paranoid （ B） putative （ C） benign （ D） logistical 6 A sordid, sentimental plot unwinds, with an inevitable_ending. （ A） mawkish （ B） fateful （ C） beloved （ D） perfunctory 7 Despite_efforts by the finance minister, inflation rose to 36 po
4、ints. （ A） absurd （ B） grimy （ C） valiant （ D） fraudulent 8 In_I wish I had thought about alternative courses of action. （ A） retrospect （ B） disparity （ C） succession （ D） dissipation 9 Psychoanalysts tend to regard both_and masochism as arising from childhood deprivation. （ A） attachment （ B） dist
5、inction （ C） ingenuity （ D） sadism 10 Fear showed in the eyes of the young man,while the old man looked tired and_. （ A） watery （ B） wandering （ C） weary （ D） wearing 11 The clash between Real Madrid and Arsenal is being_as the match of the season. （ A） harbinger （ B） allured （ C） congested （ D） lod
6、ged 12 What he told me was a_of downright lies. （ A） load （ B） mob （ C） pack （ D） flock 13 We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are_. （ A） out of work （ B） out of stock （ C） out of reach （ D） out of practice 14 _I realized the consequences, I would never have contemplated getting i
7、nvolved. （ A） Even if （ B） Had （ C） As long as （ D） If 15 They managed to_the sound on TV every time the alleged victims name was spoken. （ A） deaden （ B） deprive （ C） punctuate （ D） rebuff 16 He had been_to appear in court on charges of incitement of lawbreaking. （ A） illuminated （ B） summoned （ C）
8、 prevailed （ D） trailed 17 The computer doesnt_human thought;it reaches the same ends by different means. （ A） flunk （ B） renew （ C） succumb （ D） mimic 18 How about a glass of orange juice to_your thirst? （ A） quench （ B） quell （ C） quash （ D） quieten 19 The rain looked as if it had_for the night. （
9、 A） set off （ B） set up （ C） set out （ D） set in 20 My aunt lost her cat last summer, but it_ a week later at a home in the next village. （ A） turned up （ B） turned in （ C） turned on （ D） turned out 21 As is known to all, a vague law is always_to different interpretations. （ A） invulnerable （ B） imm
10、une （ C） resistant （ D） susceptible 22 The manager_facts and figures to make it seem that the company was prosperous. （ A） beguiled （ B） besmirched （ C） juxtaposed （ D） juggled 23 To our great delight, yesterday we received a(n)_donation from a benefactor. （ A） handsome （ B） awesome （ C） miserly （ D
11、） prodigal 24 Students who get very high marks will be_from the final examination. （ A） expelled （ B） banished （ C） absolved （ D） ousted 25 It_me that the man was not telling the truth. （ A） effects （ B） pokes （ C） hits （ D） stirs 26 John glanced at Mary to see what she thought, but she remained_. （
12、 A） manifest （ B） obnoxious （ C） inscrutable （ D） obscene 27 My neighbor tended to react in a heat and_way. （ A） impetuous （ B） impertinent （ C） imperative （ D） imperceptible 28 This morning when she was walking in the street, a black car_ beside her. （ A） drew out （ B） drew off （ C） drew down （ D）
13、drew up 29 She decided to keep reticent about the unpleasant past and_it to memory. （ A） attribute （ B） allude （ C） commit （ D） credit 30 It did not take long for the central bank to_their fears. （ A） soothe （ B） snub （ C） smear （ D） sanctify 31 You dont object_you by your first name,do you? （ A） th
14、at I call （ B） for calling （ C） that I am calling （ D） to my calling 32 _initial recognition while still quite young. （ A） Most famous scientists achieved （ B） That most famous scientists achieved （ C） Most famous scientists who achieved （ D） For most famous scientists to achieve 33 The Chisos Mount
15、ains in Big Bend National Park in Texas were created by volcanic eruptions that occurred_. （ A） the area in which dinosaurs roamed （ B） when dinosaurs roamed the area （ C） did dinosaurs roam the area （ D） dinosaurs roaming the area 34 Not until Kentuckys Mammoth Cave had been completely explored in
16、1972_. （ A） when was its full extent realized （ B） that its full extent realized （ C） was its full extent realized （ D） the realization of its full extent 35 _three times in a row,the boxer decided to give up fighting. （ A） Because having been defeated （ B） Because being defeated （ C） Having been de
17、feated （ D） Having defeated 36 A membership card authorizes_the clubs facilities for a period of 12 months. （ A） the holder using （ B） the holders use （ C） the holder to use （ D） the holder uses 37 At no time should we be_by success. （ A） carried off （ B） carried away （ C） carried down （ D） carried
18、out 38 The Sydney express was_for two hours by the sudden storm. （ A） held down （ B） held with （ C） held out （ D） held up 39 There are no solitary,free-living creatures;every form of life is_other forms. （ A） dependent to （ B） depended to （ C） depended on （ D） dependent on 40 Iceland lies far north
19、in the Atlantic,with its northernmost tip actually_the Arctic Circle. （ A） touched （ B） touches （ C） touching （ D） being touched 二、 Cloze 40 Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the economy, but there is a third major【 C1】 _to consider the role of government. Government has a p
20、owerful【 C2】 _on the economy in at least four ways: Direct Services. The postal system, for example, is a federal system【 C3】 _the entire nation, as is the large and complex establishment. Conversely, the construction and【 C4】 _of most highways the【 C5】 _of the individual states, and the public educ
21、ational systems, despite a large funding role by the federal government, are primarily【 C6】 _for by country or city governments. Police and fire protection and sanitation【 C7】 _are also the responsibilities of local government. Regulation and Control. The government regulates and controls private【 C
22、8】_in, many ways, for the【 C9】 _of assuring that business serves the best【 C10】 _of the people as a whole. Regulation is necessary in areas where private enterprise is granted a【 C11】 _, such as in telephone or electric service. Public policy permits such companies to make a reasonable【 C12】 _, but
23、limits their ability to raise prices【 C13】 _, since the public depends on their services. Often control is【 C14】 _to protect the public, as for example, when the Food and Drug administration bans harmful drugs, or requires standards of【 C15】 _in food. In other industries, government sets guidelines
24、to ensure fair competition without using direct control. Stabilization and Growth. Branches of government, including Congress and such entities as the Federal Reserve Board, attempt to control the extremes of boom and bust, of inflation and depression, by【 C16】 _tax rates, the money supply, and the
25、use of credit. They can also【 C17】 _the economy through changes in the amount of public spending by the government itself. Direct Assistance. The government provides many kinds of help to【 C18】 _and individuals. For example, tariffs【 C19】 _certain products to remain relatively free of foreign compet
26、ition; imports are sometimes taxed so that American products are able to【 C20】 _better with certain foreign goods. In quite a different area, government supports individuals who cannot adequately care for themselves, by making grants to working parents with dependent children, by providing medical c
27、are for the aged and the indigent, and through social welfare system. 41 【 C1】 （ A） economy （ B） horror （ C） magnifier （ D） element 42 【 C2】 （ A） elevation （ B） emotion （ C） effect （ D） election 43 【 C3】 （ A） dripping （ B） serving （ C） diverging （ D） clamping 44 【 C4】 （ A） clearance （ B） combustion
28、（ C） commence （ D） maintenance 45 【 C5】 （ A） commonplace （ B） responsibility （ C） conductivity （ D） consequence 46 【 C6】 （ A） consoled （ B） compacted （ C） paid （ D） bracketed 47 【 C7】 （ A） services （ B） boycotts （ C） budgets （ D） charters 48 【 C8】 （ A） banquet （ B） boom （ C） arena （ D） enterprise 49
29、 【 C9】 （ A） assertion （ B） purpose （ C） asset （ D） assumption 50 【 C10】 （ A） admiration （ B） interests （ C） adoption （ D） accuracy 51 【 C11】 （ A） monopoly （ B） acceptance （ C） abolition （ D） morality 52 【 C12】 （ A） proximity （ B） blend （ C） breast （ D） profit 53 【 C13】 （ A） fairly （ B） unfairly （ C）
30、 friendly （ D） unnecessarily 54 【 C14】 （ A） exercised （ B） broadened （ C） bankrupted （ D） exemplified 55 【 C15】 （ A） faculty （ B） quantity （ C） quality （ D） fragment 56 【 C16】 （ A） applauding （ B） assessing （ C） ascending （ D） adjusting 57 【 C17】 （ A） affect （ B） accommodate （ C） adhere （ D） affirm
31、58 【 C18】 （ A） beverage （ B） businesses （ C） bondage （ D） botany 59 【 C19】 （ A） perplex （ B） permit （ C） perturb （ D） plunder 60 【 C20】 （ A） compensate （ B） confront （ C） console （ D） compete 三、 Reading Comprehension 60 This years poster animal,by all odds,is the northern spotted owl. In attaining s
32、tar status,the bird offers a glimpse into the reasons human selects one species over another for survival. Facing possible extinction,the northern spotted owl gained partial protection when the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service recently listed it as No. 599 on the endangered species list of animals an
33、d plants. Experts say there are between five and 100 million animal and plant species on Earth,of which only two percent have been inventoried. One to three species disappear every day,according to the Nature Conservancy. At this rate,why all the hype about one spotted owl? “People respond to larger
34、 animals that we see or are part of our experience,like owl,“ say Daniel Taylor,a National Audubon Society biologist. “People know owls. People may not know spotted owls,but owls occupy an important place in our cultural psyche. “ In a media age,conservationists have grown savvy about choosing simpl
35、e and endearing symbols. Known as flagship species,symbols like the spotted owl tend to be things that are large,things that are cute and cuddly,according to John Cart,research biologist at Conservation International at Washington D. C. “Large vertebrates are important to us as a society than small
36、vertebrates,“ says Daniel Taylor. He says that this fact reflects our preoccupation with the animals we eat or that eat us,or used to. Size is also a factor,because a species has to be seen to be saved. Strategically,Cart says,size is key because the larger the species protected,the larger its range
37、 is,and thus,the larger the habitat to protect it. Making the cover of Time magazine and garnering plenty of media attention,the northern spotted owl has also saved a flock of equally endangered, but less endearing species that share its forest habitat. Media images of the handsome spotted owl spurr
38、ed a national audience into sympathizing with the rare bird. Often the more human traits an animal appears to have,the stronger its candidacy for stardom. A recent tuna commercial likened a dolphin group to a wholesome American family. Dolphins are seen as loyal, playful geniuses. Owls are,of course
39、,wise. Other factors carry weight in piquing a public response. “We seem to have a fascination with black and white,“says Bill Konstant,executive director of Wildlife Preservation Trust International,pointing to the popular panda and killer whale. Ultimately,the most important thing for many conserv
40、ationists is creating a new kind of symbiosis,using spotted owls and their attractive ilk to save a broader range of living things. When we save the spotted owl,what we are really doing is to preserve biological diversity. 61 The main idea of this article is that_. （ A） the government should make a
41、strong effort to save endangered species of animals （ B） the case of the northern spotted owl reveals how scientists select one species over another or survival （ C） the conflict between environmentalists and industry will intensify as more and more animal species become endangered （ D） large verteb
42、rates in danger of extinction should be saved over less attractive species 62 The author strongly implies that the animals which are easily saved from extinction are_. （ A） small and cute （ B） dangerous to mankind （ C） black and white （ D） big,cute and vertebrate 63 Which of the following statements
43、 can be inferred from the passage? （ A） We are likely to save an animal species which poses a threat to us. （ B） Even scientists are not interested in saving small and insignificant invertebrates. （ C） Conservationists are becoming more realistic and media-conscious about their choice of animal spec
44、ies to save. （ D） One to three species become extinct every day due to pollution. 64 The word“sawy“(Para. 2,Line 4)probably means_. （ A） knowledgeable （ B） conscious （ C） worried （ D） fussy 65 To support the main idea,the author mainly relies on_. （ A） facts and statistics from recent research findi
45、ngs （ B） direct quotations from conservation experts （ C） his own observations and opinions （ D） quotations and observations from media experts 65 The kids are hanging out. They are not old enough for jobs. Nor are they rich enough for camp. They are school children without school. The calendar call
46、ed the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago. Once supervised by teachers and principals,they now appear to be in “self care“. Americans framed the school year around the needs of work and family. In 19th century cities, schools were open seven or eight hours a day, 11 months a year. In rural
47、America,the school year was arranged around the growing season. Now,only 3 percent of families follow the agricultural model,but nearly all schools are scheduled as if our children went home early to milk the cows and took months off to work the crops. Now,three-quarters of the mothers of school-age
48、 children work,but the calendar is written as if they were home waiting for the school bus. The six-hour day,the 180-day school year is regarded as somehow sacrosanct. But when parents work an eight-hour day and a 240-day year, it means that many kids go home to empty houses and that, in the summer,
49、they hang out. “We have a huge mismatch between the school calendar and the realities of family life. School,whether we like it or not,is custodial and educational. It always has been,“Says Dr. Ernest Boyer,head of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. His is not a popular idea. Schools are routinely burdened w
