1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 5及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on whether appearance is important. You should write at least 120 words but no mo
2、re than 180 words. Section A （ A） Play the music more quietly. （ B） Stop talking so much. （ C） Turn the music a little louder. （ D） Pay more attention to the music. （ A） The professor will change his mind. （ B） The professor may change his mind. （ C） Its better not to make the professor angry. （ D）
3、The professor wouldnt have changed his mind. （ A） Her paper is due this Thursday. （ B） She wont go on the trip until Friday. （ C） She has already visited that place before. （ D） She cant go on the trip because of academic reasons. （ A） He is afraid he wont be chosen for the trip. （ B） The boss has n
4、ot yet decided where to go. （ C） Such a trip is necessary for the company. （ D） Its not certain whether the trip will take place. （ A） The woman is being interviewed by a reporter. （ B） The woman is being given an examination. （ C） The woman is asking for a promotion. （ D） The woman is applying a jo
5、b. （ A） She is unhappy with the mans promises. （ B） She believes the man will keep his promise. （ C） She played tennis with the man yesterday. （ D） She forgot to play tennis with the man. （ A） He wants to make an appointment with Mr. Smith. （ B） He wants to make sure that Mr. Smith will see him. （ C
6、） He wants to change the time of the appointment. （ D） He wants the woman to meet him at three oclock. （ A） The houses for sale are of poor quality. （ B） The houses are too expensive for the couple to buy. （ C） The housing developers provide free trips for potential buyers. （ D） The man is unwilling
7、 to take a look at the houses for sale. （ A） Horror. （ B） Romance. （ C） Thriller. （ D） Cartoon. （ A） Her brother will give her a ride there. （ B） Dicks brother is coming to pick her up. （ C） She is going to the movie theater by bus. （ D） She is going to the theater in a taxi. （ A） 7:30. （ B） 8:00. （
8、 C） 0.354167 （ D） 0.458333 （ A） He returned the books to the new library. （ B） He went to see the new library. （ C） He began to study in the new library. （ D） He borrowed some books from the new library. （ A） It is near the university. （ B） It is hard to find a place to study there. （ C） It has comf
9、ortable chairs. （ D） It allows students to rent a bicycle. （ A） By taxi. （ B） On foot. （ C） By bus. （ D） By bike. （ A） She has a class to attend. （ B） She has to turn off the gas. （ C） She needs to see her friend off. （ D） She has an appointment. Section B （ A） There is a strange mix of people. （ B）
10、 The restaurants are expensive. （ C） The bill is not fairly shared. （ D） People have to pay cash. （ A） A bit unusual. （ B） Full of tricks. （ C） Less costly. （ D） More interesting. （ A） Easy-going. （ B） Self-centre. （ C） Generous. （ D） Conservative. （ A） The price of cigarettes. （ B） The rate of teen
11、 smoking. （ C） The effect of tobacco tax increase. （ D） The differences in tobacco tax rate. （ A） Teen smokers are price sensitive. （ B） Tobacco taxes improve public health. （ C） Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise. （ D） Some states still keep the tobacco tax low. （ A） Sympathy. （ B） Uncon
12、cern. （ C） Doubt. （ D） Tolerance. （ A） Adults will depend more on their families. （ B） The new tax will be beneficial in the long run. （ C） Future generations will be hooked on smoking. （ D） Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill. （ A） To tell parents how to respect a teenager. （ B） To tel
13、l parents how to understand a teenager. （ C） To tell parents how to help a teenager grow up. （ D） To tell parents how to get along with a teenager. （ A） Paying for his own one. （ B） Sharing it with friends. （ C） Answering it quickly. （ D） Using it in a sensible way. （ A） Letting him have his own tel
14、ephone. （ B） Giving him advice only when necessary. （ C） Not talking about personal things with him. （ D） Not allowing him to learn driving or take drugs. Section C 26 The concept of student exchange between countries is not a new one. It is a common【 B1】 _in many European countries and the United S
15、tates of America. In fact, most of the leading universities have made student exchange programs a【 B2】 _part of their system. This program【 B3】 _the philosophy that a group of students coming from various parts of the world to a certain university for a year or even a few months can bring about a【 B
16、4】 _in the university. Tracing its root back to World War II, student exchanges quickly became【 B5】 _as they aimed to help increase the participants understanding and【 B6】 _of other cultures, as well as improving their language skills and【 B7】 _their social horizons. The trend is also catching up fa
17、st in Pakistan and a number of organizations【 B8】 _sending the students abroad to various universities. In this regard, I was selected for this program in 2007, according to which I was to study the Spring 2008 semester at the University of Montana. As expected, the experience was amazingly enrichin
18、g and proved tremendously fruitful. Education in America is a blend of academics and a whole lot of other things. However, its not all fun and games for exchange students as the courses offered are no piece of cake. But to make things interesting, a【 B9】 _choice of majors is offered which makes it a
19、 little easier for students since then they tend to opt for subjects that they find easy or【 B10】 _. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Advice to “sleep on it“ could be well founded, scientists say. After a good nights sleep, a pro
20、blem that seemed insurmountable(不能克服的 )the night before can often appear more【 C1】 _. although the evidence until now has been anecdotal(轶事的 ). But researchers at the University of Luebek in Germany have designed an experiment that shows a good nights sleep can【 C2】 _insight and problem-solving. Dr.
21、 Jan Born, a neuroscientist at the university, and his team taught volunteers two simple rules to help them【 C3】 _a string of numbers into a new order. There was also a third,【 C4】 _rule, which could help them increase their speed in solving the problem. The researchers divided the volunteers into t
22、wo groups: half were allowed to sleep after the training while the【 C5】_were forced to stay awake. They noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as【 C6】 _to figure out the third rule as the other group. “You have a memory representation in your brain of the problem you wan
23、t to solve, and then you sleep. Sleep can act on the problem,“ Born said in a telephone interview. But he also admitted that how restructuring of memories occurs or what governs it is still【 C7】 _. Other scientists say the【 C8】 _evidence supports the anecdotal suggestions that sleep can stimulate cr
24、eative thinking. Although the role of sleep in human creativity will【 C9】 _be a mystery, the research gives people good reason to【 C10】 _respect their periods of sleep. A)hidden I)uninvented B)experimental J)still C)fully K)unknown D)remainder L)reminder E)strengthen M)convert F)manageable N)improve
25、 G)complex O)likely H)prevent 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Exercise to Protect Aging Bodies and Brains A)We all know that exercise is good for you. Staying physically active helps keep your heart healthy and your muscles stro
26、ng, and in cancer patients it has even been shown to ward off relapse(复发 ). Now a series of independently conducted studies on the effects of exercise on healthy older adults, published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, confirms that logging time at the gym not only helps maintain good health bu
27、t may even prevent the attack of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, osteoarthritis and dementia. B)In one surprising trial, researchers led by Dr. Teresa Liu-Ambrose at the University of British Columbia randomly assigned 155 aging women to three separate groups and directly compared the cogni
28、tive effects of two types of exercise: resistance training, done once or twice weekly, in which participants worked out with free weights and weight machines and did squats and lunges, versus toning and balance exercises, which participants did twice a week. C)By the end of the yearlong study, the w
29、omen who weight-trained saw an improvement in their performance on cognitive tests of memory and learning as well as in executive functions such as decision-making and conflict resolution women who trained once a week improved their scores in executive functioning by 12.6% while those who did balanc
30、e and toning exercises showed no such improvement. The muscle-strengthening exercise also helped the volunteers, ages 65 to 75, boost their walking speed, a commonly used indicator of overall health status in the elderly, as faster pace has been linked with lower mortality. D)The Canadian researcher
31、s findings were somewhat unexpected, given that previous studies on the issue have typically focused on aerobic exercise, which experts believe enhances cognitive function by promoting blood flow to the brain. Liu-Ambrose says her team speculated that anaerobic weight training would have a similar e
32、ffect for other reasons. First, a resistance-training regimen requires a considerable amount of learning, especially for elderly people who may not be accustomed to the equipment. To learn how to use dumbbells, a leg press or a latissimus pull-down machine correctly, for example, the volunteers were
33、 required to focus on the task at hand, master new techniques and retain new information about proper and safe use of equipment. Previous studies have shown that such learning can help older adults maintain mental acuity. E)The women also had to remember their weight settings and adjustments to the
34、seats and keep track of the number of repetitions they completed, says Liu-Ambrose. “There is a lot more learning involved that may not occur if you take up a walking program,“ she says, noting that it took the volunteers a good two months to get comfortable with the equipment and the training regim
35、en. In addition, Liu-Ambrose says, other studies have found that people who weight-train show an increase in blood levels of a growth factor that is important for maintaining skeletal mass. This factor, it turns out, also promotes nerve growth, which could be another way that resistance training boo
36、sts mental function. F)In a second brain-function study, published in the same journal, scientists in Germany found that increased physical activity was associated with a lower incidence of dementia. In this study, researchers recruited 3,485 elderly residents in Bavaria and asked them about their p
37、hysical activity. None of the participants had dementia at the start of the analysis, but after two years of follow-up, researchers found that those who exercised at least three times a week were half as likely to have developed dementia, compared with the people who reported no physical activity. B
38、ased on his results, says lead author Dr. Thorleif Etgen, a professor of psychiatry and psychotherapy at Munchen University, “it doesnt make a big difference if you have moderate or high physical activity. The important message is that you do any activity. And even if you start late in life, at 60 o
39、r 70, there is a benefit, for its never too late to start exercising.“ G)The key words are “moderate or high,“ according to another study that was published in the Archives of Internal Medicine. Dr. Qi Sun, a researcher at Harvard School of Public Health, analyzed 13,000 women participating in the N
40、urses Health Study and found that when it came to exercise, more was better. Compared with women who jogged for 20 minutes a week, those who jogged three hours a week or walked briskly for five hours a week were 76% more likely to age successfully, free of chronic illnesses such as cancer and heart
41、disease, as well as mental and physical impairment. Suns group found that this benefit occurred across all weight divisions, meaning that even among those who were overweight or obese, women who exercised improved their odds of aging without chronic disease. The effects may apply across different ag
42、e groups as well; the women were at least 60 years old by the time they enrolled in the study, and while Sun was not able to determine how long they had been exercising prior to that, the results suggest that the health benefits are not limited to the young. H)That was the same message of the final
43、exercise paper in the journal, by researchers at University of Erlangen-Nuremberg in Germany. In this trial, a group of 246 elderly women were randomly assigned to an 18-month exercise regimen or wellness program. The women participating in the four-times-weekly exercise sessions, which involved aer
44、obics and balance and muscle training, improved their bone mineral density by nearly 2%. The women in the wellness group, which focused on walking, muscle relaxation and breathing skills, had a 0.33% increase in bone mineral density over the same time period. I)Despite the positive evidence, however
45、, not all researchers are ready to suggest that exercise is a sure-fire prescription against mental decline or chronic disease in healthy people. To make that claim, a large, longer-term, controlled trial would be needed, in which participants are randomly assigned to exercise or not, and are then f
46、ollowed for the development of chronic conditions such as cancer, heart disease or dementia. Still, says Dr. Marco Pahor, director of the Institute on Aging at the University of Florida and author of a commentary on the studies appearing in the journal, “if you pool all the evidence together, the be
47、nefits of exercise seem promising.“ 47 Experts believe that the aerobic exercises raise peoples cognitive function by stimulating blood blow to brain. 48 Learning of using the resistance-training equipment is good for the elderly people in that it can keep their mind acute. 49 According to the studi
48、es published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, exercise can keep the healthy elderly from getting some chronic diseases. 50 The result of Liu-Ambrose and his partners research about the cognitive effects of two kinds of exercise on aging women shows that resistance training is good for promoting
49、 cognitive function 51 In Liu-Ambroses research, muscle-strengthening exercises increased the walking speed of volunteers aged 65-75. 52 In Dr. Marco Pahors opinion, according to all evidence provided, it proves that exercise can bring promising benefits. 53 According to the research done by University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, different types of exercises taken by elderly women have different effect on their bone mineral density in the same period. 54 Acc
