1、翻译硕士英语模拟试卷 6及答案与解析 一、 Proofreading 0 In its more extreme forms persecution mania is a recognized form of insanity. Some people imagine that others wish to kill them, or imprison them, or to do them some other grave injury. Often the wish to protect themselves from imaginary persecutors (1)_ leads th
2、em into acts of violence which make it necessary to restrain their liberty. This, like many other forms of insanity, is only an exaggeration of tendency not at all uncommon among (2)_ people who count as normal. I do not propose to discuss the extreme forms, that are a matter for a psychiatrist. (3)
3、_ It is the milder forms that I wish to consider, since they (4)_ are a very frequent cause of unhappiness, and because, not having gone much far as to produce definite insanity, they (5)_ are still capable of being dealt by the patient himself, (6)_ provided he can be induced to diagnose his troubl
4、e right and to see that its origin lies within himself and (7)_ not in the supposed hostility and unkindness of others. (8)_ We are all familiar with the type of person, man or woman, who, according to his own account, is perpetually the victim of ingratitude, unkindness, and treachery. People of su
5、ch kind (9)_ are often extraordinarily plausible, and secure warm sympathy from those who have not known them long. There is, as a rule, nothing inherently improbable about every separate (10)_ story that they relate. 二、 Diction 11 Countries bordered by the sea have a pleasant _ climate because the
6、sea warms the coast in winter and cools it in summer. （ A） arboreal （ B） aquatic （ C） maritime （ D） ocean 12 Many political problems are so complicated that the layman cannot see the wood _. the trees. （ A） of （ B） from （ C） for （ D） with 13 When _, many racists cannot give a logical reason for thei
7、r attitudes towards other racial groups. （ A） questioning （ B） having been questioned （ C） having questioned （ D） questioned 14 Gulf officials say an affluent lifestyle is bleeding the regions heavily _ water supplies. （ A） subsidized （ B） campaigned （ C） salinated （ D） unwarranted 15 The universe i
8、s organized in _ with, in many cases, pretty wide gaps between them. （ A） uniformities （ B） enunciation （ C） promulgation （ D） aggregates 16 The salon was the most elegant room Madeline had ever seen, despite its _. （ A） annotation （ B） parlance （ C） relegance （ D） austerity 17 Since the World Wide
9、Web was created in 1990, the only way to get onto the internet has been through a computer, a costly box that _ people as much today as the telephone did 50 years ago. （ A） discourages （ B） consoles （ C） daunts （ D） initiates 18 There are plenty of expensive and exclusive clubs the world over who ca
10、n annually relieve you _ large quantities of money in exchange for the use of their carefully tended ground. （ A） off （ B） from （ C） away （ D） of 19 The art of pleasing is a very necessary one to possess, but a very difficult one to acquire, for it can hardly be _ to rules. （ A） deduced （ B） conduce
11、d （ C） reduced （ D） induced 20 National poverty was _ by rapid population growth. （ A） strengthened （ B） reinforced （ C） aggravated （ D） reduced 21 _ the Foreign Minister but the Prime Minister too. （ A） They not only saw （ B） They saw not only （ C） Not only did they see （ D） Not only they saw 22 In
12、vestors said they were “surprised and encouraged“ by the sentiment, although other shareholders seemed _ to having Prosser in the role. （ A） resilient （ B） resolute （ C） resounding （ D） resigned 23 Although I tried to concentrate on the lecture, I was _ by the noise from the next room. （ A） dissuade
13、d （ B） averted （ C） repressed （ D） distracted 24 It wasnt so much that I disliked her _ that I just wasnt interested in the whole business. （ A） rather （ B） so （ C） than （ D） as 25 The number of registered participants in this years marathon was half _. （ A） of last years （ B） those of last years （
14、C） of those of last year （ D） that of last years 26 _ Americans groan about high taxes, most accept that it would be unethical not to pay the taxes owed. （ A） While （ B） If （ C） Wherever （ D） Provided 27 The area qualifies for _ as a site of special scientific interest. （ A） constellation （ B） vicin
15、ity （ C） designation （ D） remnant 28 He was so _ by his work that he did not notice that other employees had already left. （ A） prevailed （ B） predominated （ C） prescribed （ D） preoccupied 29 It was absurd that women _ be paid less than men for doing the same work. （ A） should （ B） are to （ C） ought
16、 （ D） would 30 When it was published in 1959, Robert Franks book, The American, _ hostility in the United States. （ A） is meeting the （ B） has been met （ C） was met with （ D） will meet it 三、 Reading Comprehension 30 When the television is good, nothing not the theater, not the magazines, or newspape
17、rs nothing is better. But when television is bad, nothing is worse. I invite you to sit down in front of your television set when your station goes on the air and stay there without a book, magazine, newspaper, or anything else to distract you and keep your eyes glued to that set until the station s
18、igns off. I can assure you that you will observe a vast wasteland. You will see a procession of game shows, violence, audience-participation shows, formula comedies about totally unbelievable families, blood and thunder, Mayhem, more violence, sadism, murder, Western badmen, Western goodmen, private
19、 eyes, Gangsters, still more violence, and cartoons. And endlessly, commercials that stream and cajole and offend. And most of all, boredom. True, you will see a few things you will enjoy. But they will be very, very few. And if you think I exaggerate, try it. Is there no room on television to teach
20、, to inform, to uplift, to stretch, to enlarge the capacities of our children? Is there no room for programs to deepen the childrens understanding of children in other lands? Is there no room for a childrens news show explaining something about the world for them at their level of understanding? Is
21、there no room for reading the great literature of the past, teaching them the great traditions of freedom? There are some fine childrens shows, but they are drowned out in the massive doses of cartoons, violence, and more violence. Must these be your trademarks? Search your conscience and see whethe
22、r yon cannot offer more to your young beneficiaries whose future you guard so many hours each and every day. There are many people in this great country, and you must serve all of us. You will get no argument from me if you say that, given a choice between a Western and a symphony, more people will
23、watch the Western. I like Westerns and private eyes, too but a steady diet for the whole country is obviously not in the public interest. We all know that people would more often prefer to be entertained than stimulated or informed. But your obligations are not satisfied if you look only to populari
24、ty as a test of what to broadcast. Yon are not only in show business: you are free to communicate ideas as well as to give relaxation. You must provide a wide range of choices, more diversity, more alternatives. It is not enough to cater to the nations whims you must also serve the nations needs. Th
25、e people own the air. They own it as much in prime evening time as they do at six oclock in the morning. For every hour that the people give you you own them something. I intend to see that your debt is paid with service. 31 The authors attitude toward television can best be described as _. （ A） sul
26、lenness at defeat （ B） reconciliation with the broadcasters （ C） righteous indignation （ D） determination to prevail 32 Concerning programs for children, it may be inferred that the author believes that such programs should _. （ A） include no cartoons at all （ B） include ones which provide culture （
27、 C） be presented only in the morning （ D） be presented without commercials 33 The statement that “the people own the air“ implies that _. （ A） citizens have the right to insist on worthwhile television programs （ B） television should be socialized to eater to the nations whims （ C） the government ma
28、y build above present structures （ D） the people own nothing, for air is worthless 34 It can be inferred from the passage in regard to television programming that the author believes _. （ A） the broadcasters are trying to do the right thing but are failing （ B） foreign countries are going to pattern
29、 their programs after ours （ C） the listeners do not necessarily know what is good for them （ D） six oclock in the morning is too early for a television show 35 The author believes that his tastes are _. （ A） better than most peoples （ B） better than those of the television industry （ C） the same as
30、 most people （ D） better than the average children 35 Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scien
31、tists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist. This book is written for the intelligent student of lay per
32、son whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who has been presented with science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book
33、 can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or independently of any course simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attit
34、udes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate
35、 the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture. We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populated it. That population has in recent years come to comp
36、rise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not a unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and
37、contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, a
38、lternating he and she. This policy is far from being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human equally. We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many oth
39、er scientists, that we shouldnt take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living. 36 According to the passage, “scientific subculture“ means _. （ A） cultural groups that are formed by scientists （ B） people
40、 whose knowledge of science is very limited （ C） the scientific community （ D） people who make good contribution to science 37 We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because _. （ A） it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate science （ B） science
41、 affects almost every aspect of our life （ C） scientists live in a specific substructure （ D） it is easier to understand general characteristics of science 38 The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who _. （ A） long for deeper understanding of science （ B） are good at producing var
42、ious gadgets （ C） work in a storehouse of dried facts （ D） are interested in popular science 39 According to this passage, _. （ A） English is a sexist language （ B） only in this scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly （ C） women are making significant contributions to eliminating th
43、e inadequacy of our language （ D） male nouns or pronouns should not used to refer to scientists 40 This passage most probably is _. （ A） a book review （ B） the preface of a book （ C） the post script of a book （ D） the concluding part of a book 40 The age at which young children begin to make moral d
44、iscriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Until recently, child psychologists supported pioneer developmentalist Jean Piaget in his hypothesis that because of their immaturity, children un
45、der age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for transgressions on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences causeD. According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage o
46、f moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the effect rather than the cause of a transgre
47、ssion. However, in recent research, Keasey found that six-year-old children not only distinguish between accidental and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as naughtier, regardless of the amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem to indicate that children, at an earlier ag
48、e than Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the first stage. Keaseys research raises two key questions for developmental psychologists about children under age seven:
49、do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmfulacts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences? Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include public duty, serf-defense, and provocation. For example, Nesdale and Rule conclude
