1、Designation: C 595 08aStandard Specification forBlended Hydraulic Cements1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 595; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses
2、 indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification pertains to blended hydraulic cementsfor both general a
3、nd special applications, using slag or poz-zolan, or both, with portland cement or portland cement clinkeror slag with lime.NOTE 1This specification prescribes ingredients and proportions,with some performance requirements whereas Performance SpecificationC 1157 is a hydraulic cement specification i
4、n which performance criteriaalone govern the products and their acceptance.1.2 For properties where values are given in both SI andnon-SI units, the values in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. Values in SI units shall be obtained by measurementin SI units or by appropriate conversion, usin
5、g the Rules forConversion and Rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI10, of measurements made in other units.1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements ofthe stan
6、dard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 109/C 109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of HydraulicCementC 150 Specification for Portland CementC 151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion
7、of HydraulicCementC 157/C 157M Test Method for Length Change of Hard-ened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and ConcreteC 183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing ofHydraulic CementC 185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortarC 186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of HydraulicCementC
8、 187 Test Method for Normal Consistency of HydraulicCementC 188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC 191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of HydraulicCement by Vicat NeedleC 204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement byAir-Permeability ApparatusC 219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic
9、CementC 226 Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use inthe Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic CementC 227 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity ofCement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method)C 265 Test Method for Water-Extractable Sulfate in Hy-drated Hydraulic Cement Mortar
10、C311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash orNatural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement ConcreteC 430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement bythe 45-m (No. 325) SieveC 465 Specification for Processing Additions for Use in theManufacture of Hydraulic CementsC 563 Test Method for Appr
11、oximation of Optimum SO3inHydraulic Cement Using Compressive StrengthC 688 Specification for Functional Additions for Use inHydraulic CementsC 821 Specification for Lime for Use with PozzolansC 1012 Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate SolutionC 1157 Perform
12、ance Specification for Hydraulic Cement1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 onCement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.10 on HydraulicCements for General Concrete Construction.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2008. Published January 2009. Originally
13、approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C 595 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM
14、website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.IEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): the Modern Metric System3. Terminolo
15、gy3.1 DefinitionsThe terms used in this specification aredefined in Terminology C 219.4. Classification4.1 This specification applies to the following types ofblended cement that generally are intended for use as indicated.4.1.1 Blended hydraulic cements for general concrete con-struction.4.1.1.1 Ty
16、pe ISPortland blast-furnace slag cement.4.1.1.2 Type IPPortland-pozzolan cement.4.2 Reporting:4.2.1 The naming practice for blended cements shall bemade by adding the suffix (X) to the type designation under4.1.1. Where (X) equals the targeted percentage of slag orpozzolan in the product expressed a
17、s a whole number by massof the final blended product, within the allowable variation asstated in 14.3.4.3 Special Properties:4.3.1 Air-entraining cement, when desired by the purchaser,shall be specified by adding the suffix (A) to any of the abovetypes. The air-entraining option is specified in comb
18、inationwith any of the other special properties where required.NOTE 2A given mass of blended cement has a larger absolute volumethan the same mass of portland cement. This should be taken intoconsideration in purchasing cements and in proportioning concrete mix-tures.4.3.2 Moderate sulfate resistanc
19、e or moderate heat of hy-dration, or both, when desired by the purchaser, shall bespecified by adding the suffix (MS) or (MH), respectively, tothe type designation under 4.1.1.4.3.3 High sulfate resistance, when desired by the pur-chaser, shall be specified by adding the suffix (HS) to the typedesig
20、nation under 4.1.1.NOTE 3Special characteristics attributable to slag or pozzolan willvary based on quantities contained within the blended cements.4.3.4 Low heat of hydration, when desired by the purchaser,shall be specified by adding the suffix (LH) to the typedesignation under 4.1.1.5. Ordering I
21、nformation5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following:5.1.1 Specification number,5.1.2 Type or types required,5.1.2.1 Indicate allowable slag or pozzolan % maximum orminimum, or both, if required.5.1.3 Optional special properties required (see 4.3):5.1.3.1 MS if moder
22、ate sulfate resistance is required;5.1.3.2 HS if high sulfate resistance is required;5.1.3.3 MH if moderate heat of hydration is required;5.1.3.4 LH if low heat of hydration is required;5.1.3.5 A if air entraining is required;5.1.3.6 Accelerating addition, if required;5.1.3.7 Retarding addition, if
23、required;5.1.3.8 Water reducing addition, if required;5.1.3.9 Water reducing and accelerating addition, if re-quired; and5.1.3.10 Water reducing and retarding addition, if required.5.1.4 Certification, if desired (see Section 14).NOTE 4It is important to check for availability of various options.Som
24、e multiple options are mutually incompatible or unattainable.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Blast-Furnace SlagBlast-Furnace slag shall be thenonmetallic product, consisting essentially of silicates andaluminosilicates of calcium and other bases, that is developedin a molten condition simultaneously
25、 with iron in a blastfurnace.6.2 Granulated Blast-Furnace SlagGranulated blast-furnace slag shall be the glassy granular material formed whenmolten blast-furnace slag is rapidly chilled, as by immersion inwater.6.3 Portland CementSee Terminology C 219. For pur-poses of this specification, portland c
26、ement meeting the re-quirements of Specification C 1157 or Specification C 150 aresuitable. Portland cement or other hydraulic materials, or both,containing high free lime are not prohibited from use as long asthe autoclave test limits for the blended cement are met.6.4 Portland Cement ClinkerPortla
27、nd cement clinkershall be partially fused clinker consisting primarily of hydrau-lic calcium silicates.6.5 PozzolanPozzolan shall be a siliceous or siliceous andaluminous material, which in itself possesses little or nocementitious value but which will, in finely divided form andin the presence of m
28、oisture, chemically react with calciumhydroxide at ordinary temperatures to form compounds pos-sessing cementitious properties.6.6 Hydrated LimeHydrated lime used as part of ablended cement shall meet the requirements of SpecificationC 821, except that when interground in the production processthere
29、 shall be no minimum fineness requirement.6.7 Air-Entraining AdditionWhen air-entraining cementis specified, an addition meeting the requirements of Specifi-cation C 226 shall be used.6.8 When processing additions are used in the manufactureof cement, they shall have been shown to meet the require-m
30、ents of Specification C 465 in the amounts used or greater,(see Section 14.2).6.9 When functional additions (used at the sole option of thepurchaser) are used they shall have been shown to meet therequirements of Specification C 688 when tested with thecement to be used, in the amount used or greate
31、r, (see Section14.2).6.10 Other AdditionsThe cement covered by this specifi-cation shall contain no additions except as provided for aboveexcept that water or calcium sulfate (see Terminology C 219),or both, if added, shall be in amounts so that the limits shownin Table 1 for sulfate reported as SO3
32、and loss on ignition arenot exceeded.6.11 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag CementThe portlandblast-furnace slag cement shall consist of an intimate anduniform blend (see Note 5) of portland cement and fineC 595 08a2granulated blast-furnace slag produced either by intergrindingportland cement clinker and
33、granulated blast-furnace slag, orby blending portland cement and finely ground granulatedblast-furnace slag, or a combination of intergrinding andblending, in which the slag constituent is up to 95 % of themass of portland blast-furnace slag cement. Portland blast-furnace slag cement with a slag con
34、tent equal to or exceeding70 % by mass IS($70) is permitted to contain hydrated lime.NOTE 5The attainment of an intimate and uniform blend of two ormore types of fine materials is difficult. Consequently, adequate equipmentand controls must be provided by the manufacturer. The purchasers shouldassur
35、e themselves of the adequacy of the blending operation.6.12 Air-Entraining Portland Blast-Furnace Slag CementAir-entraining portland blast-furnace slag cement shall beportland blast-furnace slag cement to which sufficient air-entraining addition has been added so that the resulting productcomplies w
36、ith the air content of mortar requirements.6.13 Portland-Pozzolan CementPortland-pozzolan ce-ment shall be a hydraulic cement consisting of an intimate anduniform blend (see Note 5) of portland or portland blast-furnace slag cement and fine pozzolan produced either byintergrinding portland cement cl
37、inker and pozzolan, by blend-ing portland cement or portland blast-furnace slag cement andfinely divided pozzolan, or a combination of intergrinding andblending, in which the pozzolan constituent is up to 40 mass %of the portland-pozzolan cement.6.14 Air-Entraining Portland-Pozzolan CementAir-entrai
38、ning portland-pozzolan cement shall be portland-pozzolan cement to which sufficient air-entraining addition hasbeen added so that the resulting product complies with the aircontent of mortar requirements.7. Chemical Composition7.1 Cement of the type specified shall conform to theapplicable chemical
39、requirements prescribed in Table 1.7.2 If the purchaser has requested the manufacturer to statein writing the composition of the blended cement purchased,the composition of the cement furnished shall conform to thatshown in the statement within the following tolerances (seeNote 6).Tolerance, 6 %Sili
40、con dioxide (SiO2)3Aluminum oxide (Al2O3)2Calcium oxide (CaO) 3NOTE 6This means that if the manufacturers statement of thecomposition says“ SiO2: 32 %,” the cement when analyzed, shall be foundto contain between 29 and 35 % SiO2.8. Physical Properties8.1 Blended CementBlended cement of the type spec
41、ifiedshall conform to the applicable physical requirements pre-scribed in Table 2.8.2 Pozzolan or SlagPozzolan or slag that is to be blendedwith cement shall be tested in the same state of subdivision asthat in which it is to be blended. Pozzolan shall conform to thefineness requirement and the pozz
42、olanic activity requirementof Table 3. Slag that is to be used for portland blast-furnaceslag cements Type IS ( 25) shall conform to the slag activityrequirement of Table 3. Such pozzolan or slag that is to beinterground with portland cement clinker shall, before testingfor conformance with requirem
43、ents of Table 3, be ground in thelaboratory to a fineness at which it is believed to be present inthe finished cement. It is the manufacturers responsibility todecide on the fineness at which the testing is to be carried out,and when requested to do so by a purchaser, to report theinformation upon w
44、hich the decision was based.8.3 Pozzolan for use in the manufacture of portland-pozzolan cement, Type IP ( 15) and IP ( 15)-A, shall meetthe requirements of Table 3 when tested for mortar expansionof pozzolan as described in 10.1.13. If the alkali content of theclinker to be used for the production
45、lots changes by more than0.2 % total as equivalent Na2O, calculated as Na2O + 0.658K2O, from that of the clinker with which the acceptance testswere carried out, the pozzolan shall be retested to showcompliance with the requirements of Table 3.9. Sampling9.1 Sample the materials in accordance with t
46、he followingmethods:9.1.1 Sampling Blended CementsPractice C 183.9.1.1.1 When the purchaser desires that the cement besampled and tested to verify compliance with this specification,perform sampling and testing in accordance with PracticeC 183.9.1.1.2 Practice C 183 is not designed for manufacturing
47、quality control and is not required for manufacturers certifi-cation.9.1.2 Sampling PozzolanTest Methods C311.One2kg(4 lb) sample shall be taken from approximately each 360 Mg(400 tons) of pozzolan.10. Test Methods10.1 Determine the applicable properties enumerated in thisspecification in accordance
48、 with the following test methods:10.1.1 Chemical AnalysisTest Methods C114, with thespecial provisions noted therein applicable to blended cementanalyses.10.1.2 Fineness by SievingTest Method C 430.10.1.3 Fineness by Air-Permeability ApparatusTestMethod C 204.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCement Type
49、AApplicableTestMethodIS ( 70)IS($ 70)IPMagnesium oxide (MgO), max, % C114 . . 6.0Sulfate reported as SO3, max, %BC114 3.0 4.0 4.0Sulfide reported as S2-, max, % C114 2.0 2.0 .Insoluble residue, max, % C114 1.0 1.0 .Loss on ignition, max, % C114 3.0 4.0 5.0AThe chemical requirements in this table are applicable to all air-entrainedcement equivalents.BWhen it has been demonstrated by Test Method C 563 that the optimum SO3exceeds a value 0.5 % less than the specification limit, an additional amount ofSO3is permissible provided that, when the cement w
