1、Designation: D 2919 01 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Test Method forDetermining Durability of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Shearby Tension Loading1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2919; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This
3、test method covers data for assessing the durabilityof adhesive lap-shear joints while stressed in contact with air,air in equilibrium with certain solutions, water, aqueoussolutions, or other environments at various temperatures.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concern
4、s, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are given in 7.4.1.3 The values stated in SI unit
5、s are considered to be thestandard. The values in parentheses are for information only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 907 Terminology of AdhesivesD 1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)D 1
6、828 Practice for Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive-Bonded Joints and StructuresD 2294 Test Method for Creep Properties of Adhesives inShear by Tension Loading (Metal-to-Metal)D 3165 Test Method for Strength Properties ofAdhesives inShear by Tension Loading of Single-Lap-Joint LaminatedAssembliesE4 Pr
7、actices for Force Verification of Testing Machines2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:Durability Test Apparatus Drawings33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of terms in this test methodmay be found in Terminology D 907.4. Significance and Use4.1 The combination of stress and moisture decreases thedurability of m
8、ost adhesive joints. Stresses in the presence ofwater or water vapor may cause some adhesive joints to fail atsome small fraction of the stress required to break the dry joint.The time to failure for a given adhesive joint generallydecreases with increasing stress, temperature, and relativehumidity.
9、4.2 This test method may be used as an accelerated screen-ing test for assessing the durability of adhesive joints. It may beused to measure durability of adhesive joints exposed outdoorsor to environmental conditions experienced by adhesive jointsin service. The tests may also be used to determine
10、the effectsof various surface preparations or substrates on durabilities ofadhesive joints.4.3 The durability performance of various adhesives may becompared by using this test method under uniform sets ofconditions. To assess the overall durability of a given adhesive,lap-shear joints should be tes
11、ted under a range of stress,relative humidity, and temperature. For a specific end use itmay be possible to obtain the needed durability data using onlyone set of test conditions.5. Apparatus5.1 Fixture, as shown in Fig. 1,3is required for this testmethod, although a fixture such as described in Tes
12、t MethodD 2294 may also be suitable for the performance of this test.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.80 on MetalBonding AdhesivesCurrent edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published October 2007. Originall
13、yapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 2919 01e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe A
14、STM website.3Detailed working drawings for the construction of the durability test apparatusare available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.ADJD2919. Original adjunct produced in 1980.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
15、2959, United States.5.2 Testing Machine, or other suitable machine capable ofapplying measured compressive loads. Force measurementshave an accuracy of 61 % of any reading when calibrated incompliance with Practices E4requirements. Machine that isequipped with a suitable loading base as shown in Fig
16、. 1, shallbe used as a loading mechanism.5.3 Outdoor Weathering Racks (Standard) are recom-mended (Practice D 1828), but any stable frame may be used(for example, galvanized pipe or painted steel channel). Noother special apparatus is required for outdoor tests.6. Test Specimens6.1 The successful us
17、e of this test method depends onpreparing good quality lap-shear joints. The test joints must beprepared carefully in accordance with the adhesive manufac-turers directions or in accordance with some other specifiedset of conditions agreed upon between the manufacturer andthe purchaser. It is recomm
18、ended that the test joints beprepared in accordance with Test Method D 1002, except thatthe dimensions of the test specimens shall be as shown in Fig.2.FIG. 1 Durability Test ApparatusD 2919 01 (2007)26.2 If the fixture in Fig. 1 is used, test specimens of thedimensions shown in Fig. 2 must be used.
19、 If the fixturedescribed in Test Method D 2294 is used, the test specimendescribed in that test method must be used.6.3 If it is desired to use test specimens of thickness oroverlap different from that recommended in this test method orin Test Method D 2294, the guidelines set forth in Note 2 andNot
20、e 3 of Test Method D 1002, regarding permissible testspecimen dimensions with respect to thickness and overlap,shall be followed. Test specimen size, of course, must alwaysbe compatible with the appropriate fixture.6.4 An alternative test specimen may be used in accordancewith Test Method D 3165 wit
21、h the exception that the length-wise dimension must be compatible with the test specimenshown in Fig. 2.7. Procedure7.1 Test six specimens to destruction at 23.0 6 1C (73.4 61.8F) and 50 6 2 % relative humidity in accordance with TestMethod D 1002, after conditioning in this environment for notless
22、than 40 h, unless otherwise specified. Compute and recordthe maximum, minimum, and average value of the failingstress.7.2 Place a minimum of six test specimens for each testenvironment in test fixtures. To load each assembled testfixture, after being certain that the safety end plate shields arefirm
23、ly in place, place the fixture, supported by the loading base,in the loading machine and apply approximately 1 % of thedesired stress to the springs. Tighten the grip bolts to 0.45 to0.56 Nm (40 to 50 lbfin.) torque, then apply the remainder ofthe stress. Turn the locking nuts directly under the low
24、er springlocators until they are finger tight. Release the load applied bythe machine and remove the loaded fixture (see 7.4). Do notexceed the average initial failing stress determined above.7.3 Expose the stressed test specimens to one of the stan-dard test environments specified in Table 1. Expos
25、e the testspecimens to the environment in an attitude such that thecondensate of the environment drains properly. Thereforeexpose the test specimens with the edges horizontal and withthe test specimen width perpendicular to the horizontal plane.Make periodic observations of their condition and recor
26、d thelength of time to failure for each test specimen and the averagefor the six test specimens (or more) to the test environment.7.4 Exercise extreme caution to ensure that loading of thefixture and handling of a loaded fixture be carried out in a safemanner, particularly that parts of the body be
27、maintained at asafe distance from the test specimen in case it should acciden-tally break during these operations.8. Report8.1 Report the following information:8.1.1 Complete identification of the adhesive tested, includ-ing type, source, date manufactured, manufacturers codenumbers, form, etc.8.1.2
28、 Complete identification of the adherends used, includ-ing composition, thickness, and temper for metals.8.1.3 Surface preparation, application, and bonding condi-tions used in preparing the test specimens.8.1.4 Length of overlap used and bondline thickness.8.1.5 Maximum, minimum, and average failin
29、g stress of thejoints tested in accordance with Section 7.8.1.6 Number of specimens tested and conditions of testing,including applied stress in megapascals (pounds force persquare inch); test environment number from Table 1, includinga complete description of any special test environments;location
30、of outdoor test site and time of year, high, low andaverage temperatures, and sun exposure.8.1.7 Maximum, minimum, and average length of time tofailure of the stressed test specimens exposed to the environ-ment. Test specimens not broken at termination of the testshould be recorded but not included
31、in the average.FIG. 2 Form and Dimensions of Test SpecimenTABLE 1 Standard Test EnvironmentsTest EnvironmentNumberTemperatureAMoisture ConditionsB1 23C (73.4F) immersed in distilled or de-ionized water2 23C (73.4F) 50 % RH (relative humidity)3 23C (73.4F) 15 % RH4 35C (95F) 90 % RH5 35C (95F) 100 %
32、RH6 50C (122F) 90 % RH7 50C (122F) 100 % RH8 35C (95F) 5 % salt fog9 ambient (outdoors) ambient (outdoors)10 other (specify) other, including aqueous so-lutions or nonaqueous liq-uids (specify)AThe tolerance for test temperature shall be 61C or 1.8F for environments 1to 8.BThe moisture condition may
33、 be provided by controlling the relative humidity ofa box, room, or other chamber by any convenient means.D 2919 01 (2007)39. Precision and Bias9.1 Precision and Bias for this test is being determined andwill be available by September 2010.10. Keywords10.1 adhesive joint; durability; exposure; moist
34、ure; shear;stress; tensionASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infrin
35、gement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard
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37、 known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 2919 01 (2007)4
