1、Designation: D5324 10Standard Guide forTesting Water-Borne Architectural Coatings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5324; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in par
2、entheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of proceduresfor testing water-borne coatings to be used on exterior, interioror both types of surfaces (Not
3、e 1). The properties that can beexamined or, in some cases, the relevant test procedures arelisted in Table 1 and Table 2.NOTE 1The term “architectural coating” as used here combines thedefinition in Terminology D16 with that in the FSCT Paint/CoatingsDictionary2, as follows: “Organic coatings inten
4、ded for on-site applicationto interior or exterior surfaces of residential, commercial, institutional, orindustrial buildings, in contrast to industrial coatings. They are protectiveand decorative finishes applied at ambient temperatures. Often calledTrade Sales Coatings.”NOTE 2Architectural coating
5、s that are designed to give better perfor-mance than most conventional coatings because they are tougher and morestain and abrasion resistant are covered by Guide D3730.1.2 The types of organic coatings covered by this guide areas follows:(1) Type 1 Interior Latex Flat Wall Paints,(2) Type 2 Exterio
6、r Latex House Paints,(3) Type 3 Water-Borne Floor Paints, and(4) Type 4 Interior Latex Semigloss and Gloss Paints.1.2.1 Each is intended for application by brushing, rolling,spraying or other means to the material appropriate for its type,which may include plaster, masonry, wallboard, wood, steel,pr
7、eviously painted surfaces, and other architectural substrates.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is t
8、heresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials,and ApplicationsD185 Test Meth
9、ods for Coarse Particles in PigmentsD215 Practice for the Chemical Analysis of White LinseedOil Paints4D344 Test Method for Relative Hiding Power of Paints bythe Visual Evaluation of BrushoutsD358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels inWeathering Tests of CoatingsD522 Test Methods for Mandrel
10、 Bend Test of AttachedOrganic CoatingsD523 Test Method for Specular GlossD562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints MeasuringKrebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscom-eterD660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking ofExterior PaintsD661 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Crackin
11、g ofExterior PaintsD662 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Erosion ofExterior PaintsD772 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Flaking (Scal-ing) of Exterior PaintsD869 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Settling ofPaintD968 Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of OrganicCoatings by Falling Abras
12、iveD1006 Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests ofPaints on WoodD1014 Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests ofPaints and Coatings on Metal SubstratesD1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type Gage1This guide is under the jurisdiction of
13、ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D5324 03
14、. DOI:10.1520/D5324-10.2Available from Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology (FSCT), 492Norristown Rd., Blue Bell, PA 19422-2350, http:/www.coatingstech.org.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual
15、Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959
16、, United States.D1296 Test Method for Odor of Volatile Solvents andDiluentsD1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals onClear and Pigmented Organic FinishesD1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks,and Related ProductsD1554 Terminology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Par-ticle
17、Panel MaterialsD1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formationof Organic Coatings at Room TemperatureD1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and ColorDifferences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque MaterialsD1849 Test Method for Package Stability of PaintD2064 Test Method for Print Resist
18、ance of ArchitecturalPaintsD2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield type) Vis-cometerD2197 Test Method for Adhesion of Organic Coatings byScrape AdhesionD2243 Test Method for Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Water-Borne CoatingsD2244 Practice for Ca
19、lculation of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesD2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of CoatingsD2370 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coat-ingsD2486 Test Methods for Scrub Resistance of Wall PaintsD2574 Test Method for Resistance of Emu
20、lsion Paints inthe Container to Attack by MicroorganismsD2805 Test Method for Hiding Power of Paints by Reflec-tometryD3168 Practice for Qualitative Identification of Polymers inEmulsion PaintsD3258 Test Method for Porosity of White or Near WhitePaint Films by StainingD3273 Test Method for Resistanc
21、e to Growth of Mold onthe Surface of Interior Coatings in an EnvironmentalChamberD3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape TestD3450 Test Method for Washability Properties of InteriorArchitectural CoatingsD3456 Practice for Determining by Exterior Exposure Teststhe Susceptibility of Paint Fi
22、lms to Microbiological AttackD3719 Test Method for Quantifying Dirt Collection onCoated Exterior Panels4D3723 Test Method for Pigment Content of Water-Emulsion Paints by Low-Temperature AshingD3730 Guide for Testing High-Performance Interior Archi-tectural Wall CoatingsD3792 Test Method for Water Co
23、ntent of Coatings byDirect Injection Into a Gas ChromatographD3793 Test Method for Low-Temperature Coalescence ofLatex Paint Films by Porosity MeasurementD3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and RelatedPigmented CoatingsD3928 Test Method for Evaluation of Gloss or SheenUniformityD3960 Practice
24、for Determining Volatile Organic Com-pound (VOC) Content of Paints and Related CoatingsD4017 Test Method for Water in Paints and Paint Materialsby Karl Fischer MethodD4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of OrganicCoatings by the Taber AbraserD4062 Test Method for Leveling of Paints by Draw-Down
25、MethodD4213 Test Method for Scrub Resistance of Paints byAbrasion Weight LossD4214 Test Methods for Evaluating the Degree of Chalkingof Exterior Paint FilmsD4287 Test Method for High-Shear Viscosity Using aCone/Plate ViscometerD4400 Test Method for Sag Resistance of Paints Using aMultinotch Applicat
26、orD4585 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of CoatingsUsing Controlled CondensationD4707 Test Method for Measuring Paint Spatter ResistanceDuring Roller ApplicationD4828 Test Methods for Practical Washability of OrganicCoatingsD4946 Test Method for Blocking Resistance of Architec-tural PaintsD495
27、8 Test Method for Comparison of the Brush Drag ofLatex PaintsD5007 Test Method for Wet-to-Dry Hiding ChangeD5068 Practice for Preparation of Paint Brushes for Evalu-ationD5069 Practice for Preparation of Paint-Roller Covers forEvaluation of Architectural CoatingsD5150 Test Method for Hiding Power of
28、 ArchitecturalPaints Applied by RollerD5179 Test Method for Measuring Adhesion of OrganicCoatings to Plastic Substrates by Direct Tensile TestingD5326 Test Method for Color Development in Tinted LatexPaintsD5895 Test Methods for Evaluating Drying or CuringDuring Film Formation of Organic Coatings Us
29、ing Me-chanical RecordersD6037 Test Methods for Dry Abrasion Mar Resistance ofHigh Gloss CoatingsD6583 Test Method for Porosity of Paint Film by MineralOil AbsorptionD6686 Test Method for Evaluation of Tannin Stain Resis-tance of CoatingsD6736 Test Method for Burnish Resistance of Latex PaintsD6900
30、Test Method for Wet Adhesion of Latex Paints to aGloss Alkyd Enamel SubstrateD7072 Practice for Evaluating Accelerated Efflorescence ofLatex CoatingsD7190 Practice to Evaluate Leaching of Water-SolubleMaterials from Latex Paint FilmsD7306 Practice for Testing Low Temperature Film-Formation of Latex
31、Paints by Visual ObservationD5324 102D7489 Practice for Evaluating Touch-Up Properties of Ar-chitectural Coatings under Various Environmental Condi-tionsD7514 Test Method for Evaluating Ink Stainblocking ofArchitectural Paint Systems by Visual AssessmentE70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions Wi
32、th theGlass ElectrodeE105 Practice for Probability Sampling of MaterialsE1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-surement by Tristimulus Colorimetry2.2 U.S. Federal Test Method Standard No. 141D:52131 Application of Sprayed Films3011 Condition in Container4541 Working Properties and Appe
33、arance of Dried Film6301 Wet Adhesion (Tape Test)3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms in this guide refer to Terminol-ogy D16 and D1554.4. Conditions Affecting Water-Reducible Coatings4.1 Interior and Exterior Coatings:4.1.1 Substrate TypeThe substrate to be painted can affectnot only the appl
34、ication properties of a coating, such as glossand uniformity, but is also a factor in determining the type ofcoating to use. For instance, a primer-sealer may be requiredfor porous substrates, such as new drywall, bare plaster, newwood or porous masonry. Other factors are the type and qualityof meta
35、l, wood or wood composite (plywood, particle board orhardboard), the type, quality and alkalinity of concrete, plasterand joint cement systems, and the type and condition of anyprevious coatings.4.1.2 Substrate ConditionsConditions such as porosityand hardness determine the kind of coating that can
36、be applied.The condition of previously painted substrates, such as degreeof chalk, presence of grease, dirt, mold, and water-soluble oroily contaminants, film adhesion and porosity, all influence theperformance of coatings. Smoothness of the substrate affectsthe spreading rate, final appearance, and
37、 texture.4.1.3 Preparation of previously painted substrates, includingcleaning, solvent cleaning, and sanding.4.1.4 Type and quality of primer or undercoat and time ofdrying before topcoating.4.1.5 The application properties, even of interior water-reducible coatings, are affected by temperature and
38、 humidity atthe time of application and during drying. As these materialscontain water, surfaces do not have to be completely dry beforeapplication. However, low temperature during drying maycause poor film formation.4.2 Exterior Finishes:4.2.1 Substrate WeatheringWeathering of wood beforepainting w
39、ill probably adversely affect the performance ofexterior coatings. Some weathering of masonry surfaces mayhave beneficial effects on the performance.4.2.2 Substrate Aspects of the BuildingIf constructiondefects or defects due to age are such that excessive moisturefrom the inside or the outside make
40、s its way through thesubstrate or if the substrate is in direct contact with dampground, blistering, flaking or peeling may result.4.2.3 Environmental conditions after application, both gen-eral for the area and specific, such as under eaves, behindshrubbery, northside and southside exposure.5. Sele
41、ction of Tests5.1 Because the conditions to which a coating is subjectedvary with (a) the surface type: wall, floor, ceiling, and (b) theservice environment: exterior or interior, specialized types ofwater-borne coatings have been developed for the differentlocations. The recommended test methods pr
42、esented in Table 1and Table 2 cover practically all of the properties of water-reducible coatings but all of them are not required with eachtype. Coatings intended for exterior use only or both exteriorand interior use require certain properties not relevant to thosefor interior use only. Selection
43、of the methods to be followedmust be governed by experience and the requirements in eachindividual case, together with agreement between the pur-chaser and the seller.5.2 The purchaser should first determine the properties acoating should have and then select only those test methodsthat measure or e
44、valuate those properties. After selecting thedesired tests, the purchaser should then decide which proper-ties are the most important and establish the requirements orspecifications accordingly. Since coating properties frequentlytend to oppose each other, such as low sheen versus goodcleansability,
45、 some properties may need to be less emphasizedif others are to be accentuated. This balance of properties mustbe considered when selecting the tests and establishing therequirements. The significance of the tests and the normalrange of values are presented in the different sections, in mostcases.5.
46、3 This guide does not indicate relative importance of thevarious tests nor does it recommend specific test valuesbecause properties very important to one purchaser may be lessso to another.6. Sampling6.1 Prior to sampling, the condition of the container shouldbe established, since damage to it may c
47、ause evaporation,skinning, or other undesirable effects on the coating.6.2 Sample in accordance with Practice D3925. Determinethe density in pounds per kilograms/litre (gallon) in accordancewith Test Method D1475. Continue sampling and determiningdensity until successive results agree within 45 g (0
48、.1lb) or asagreed upon between the purchaser and seller. Then takesamples for testing.6.3 Specify the amount required for a representative sample,the package sizes, and an identification code. A or 4-L (1-U.S.gal) sample is usually sufficient for the recommended tests, butfor guidance in selecting a
49、 sampling plan consult PracticeE105.5Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.D5324 1037. Liquid Coating Properties7.1 Condition in ContainerThickening, pigment settling,and liquid separation are undesirable and objectionable ifmaterial that has been stored cannot be readily reconditionedand made suitable for application with a reasonable amount ofstirring. The referenced method covers procedures for deter-mining changes in properties after storage and
