1、Designation:E55700(Reapproved 2006)1Designation: E557 12Standard Guide forThe Installation of Operable PartitionsArchitectural Designand Installation Practices for Sound Isolation betweenSpaces Separated by Operable Partitions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E557; the number imme
2、diately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard ha
3、s been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1NOTE1.3, units of measure statement, was editorially inserted and Fig. 3 and 5.3.3 and 5.4 were editorially revised in May2010.1. Scope1.1This guide describes options of intructions recommended to be considered in preparation for, and
4、 application and installationof, operable partitions and, to some extent, in the design of the building in which they are installed. Operable partitions are thosethat are quickly movable.1.1 This guide provides design details that should be considered in the design of buildings that include operable
5、 partitions.Operable partitions are those that can be quickly put in place or removed and stored to provide flexibility in the size of spacestypically used for meetings or social functions.1.1.1 The guide primarily discusses details in the building design required to limit leakage of sound around an
6、 operablepartition.1.1.2 The guide also discusses some factors that affect the performance of the partitions themselves.1.1.3 This guide is neither a specification for operable partitions nor a document intended to be imposed as a requirement onmanufacturers of operable partitions.1.2 Excluded from
7、this guide are those partitions that are classified by the building products industry as demountable.Demountable partitions are those that are designed and installed with the intent of later being taken down and re-erected by a crewover a period of time, with the components being reusable.1.3The1.3
8、The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, assoc
9、iated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound
10、Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and ElementsE336 Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation between Rooms in BuildingsE413 Classification for Rating Sound Insulation E497Practice for Installing Sound-Isolating Lightweight PartitionsE1155 Test Method for Determining FFFloor Fl
11、atness and FLFloor Levelness NumbersE1155M Test Method for Determining FFFloor Flatness and FLFloor Levelness Numbers (Metric)3. Significance and Use3.1 Rooms formed by operable partitions must often need to be isolated acoustically. Sound-isolating properties of operablepartitions are specified by
12、architects in terms of sound transmission class (STC) and so advertised by the manufacturer on the basis1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on Building and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E33.04 onApplication of Acoustical Materials an
13、d Systems.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2006. Published September 2006. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E557-00. DOI:10.1520/E0557-00R06E01.Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published June 2012. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition appro
14、ved in 2006 as E557 - 00(2006)1. DOI:10.1520/E0557-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.1This
15、 document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior edition
16、s as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.of laboratory tests in accordance with Test Method E
17、90 and Classification E413.3.2 Because normal building design and construction practices are not the same as those used in acoustical laboratories, actualfield performance of partitions, including operable partitions, will probably be less than that of test specimens. Sound transmissionbetween areas
18、 to be isolated will occur through all of the connecting building components in addition to the operable partition, thatis, floor and ceiling slabs, ceiling plenums, common walls, etc. All possible paths between the areas being isolated should havea sound insulation performance at least equal to the
19、 operable partition. Unless good acoustical practice is followed in both buildingdesign and installation, there may be a significant discrepancy between the sound isolation expected and that achieved.3.3 Because of the complex nature of the sound flanking paths adjacent to operable partitions, it is
20、 highly recommended thatall related construction details be reviewed by a person qualified in acoustical design and construction.3.4 This guide does not specify requirements. However, persons desiring to write installation and construction specificationsmay find the contents useful in developing req
21、uirements for the building design site preparation, and installation practicesnecessary to minimize leakage and flanking sound around the operable partition.4. Properties of Operable Partitions4.1 There are several types of operable partitions: hinged panel groups, individual panel and continuously
22、hinged partitionsystems. Some are supported by overhead track with or without a floor guide or track. Some are floor supported with an overheadtrack to guide them. They may be manual or power-operated. One type consists of movable panels secured in place by verticalexpansion to seal against the floo
23、r and ceiling.4.2 Several factors should be considered in specifications:4.2.1 Seals or gaskets are of many kinds; some consist of resilient material that maintains continuous flexible contact with flooror ceiling, and some include a mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic mechanism that maintains cleara
24、nce when in motion and apositive seal when finally closed. 4.2Sound Leaks:4.2.1TheThe seals at the top of the partitions should make continuous contact with smooth surfaces on both sides of the operablepartitions. The sound path through an insufficient seal, up and over the track, and out on the oth
25、er side through the insufficient sealconstitutes a serious sound leak.4.2.2 When a partition consists of several panels, leaks may occur at the vertical joints when the seals at the joint are not tight.4.2.3 Pass-through doors in partitions will generally reduce the overall sound isolation of the wa
26、ll. For this reason, pass-throughdoors should be equipped with full perimeter gasketing, including seals at head.4.2.4 Track assemblies installed outside the partition storage pocket area to form cross-through paths (90 to each other )primarily for the transport of partitions from one location to th
27、e other should be avoided unless a satisfactory method is providedto reduce the flanking path created through the track section from one side of the partition to the other.4.3Sound Flanking PathsAlthough the operable partition may be an adequate barrier itself, sound may pass from one side tothe oth
28、er by going over, around, or under the partition. The passage of sound by paths other than directly through the partition itselfis called flanking transmission.5. Recommendations Properties of the Building5.1 Sound Flanking Paths and Interface SurfacesAlthough the operable partition may be an adequa
29、te barrier itself, sound maypass from one side to the other by going over, around, or under the partition. The passage of sound by paths other than directlythrough the partition itself is called flanking transmission. The building should provide proper flat surfaces to interface with theseals. These
30、 flanking paths and surfaces for seals in various areas should be addressed in the design of the building as discussedin the following.5.2 Area Above Track:5.1.1If5.2.1 If there is a plenum above the partition, sound may pass up through the ceiling on one side and down through theceiling on the othe
31、r. A barrier should be erected directly above the operable partitions. This barrier, in conjunction with the ceiling,should have a sound transmission loss equal to or greater than that of the partition. The barrier is best designed as part of thebuilding and not added as an afterthought (see Fig. 1)
32、. Often a seemingly solid ceiling has hollows behind it, such as spacesbetween the joists, or spaces in corrugated decks, that provide a flanking path around an operable partition below. The hollowspaces mustshould be blocked directly above the operable partition. The sound transmission loss provide
33、d by the blocking barriershould be equal to or greater than that provided by the operable partition.5.12.2 When a plenum is part of the air conditioning system, a sound-attenuating duct or silencer is recommended to controldirect connections between the plenums on each side of the operable partition
34、 should be avoided wherever possible. When this isnot possible flanking and a sound-attenuating duct or silencer should be installed through the barrier wall straddling the operablepartition below. The composite sound transmission loss of the duct or silencer, and the ceiling, should be equal to or
35、designed sothe noise reduction through that path is approximately 10 dB greater than the sound transmission loss ofexpected noise reductionbetween the partitionspaces (see Fig. 2). Note1LaggingLagging of the silencer or ductwork, or constructing these of heavier gagesheet metal, may be required on b
36、oth sides of the barrier wall to acheiveachieve the necessary composite sound transmission lossrequirements. Seals should be provided in the header wall at penetrations such as for the ducts and pipes.5.12.3 Generally, track systems for operable partitions are installed during the early phases of bu
37、ilding interior construction. Thepanels are often among the last items installed in the building. The barrier above the track may be built between these two events.E557 122To level the track after the weight of the panels is applied, manufacturers and installers of operable partitions request access
38、 to thearea above the track. This can conflict with the need to build a barrier in the same area. It is important to work out a design thatprovides an adequate acoustical barrier and allows access for adjustment of the track. If built-in access doors or removable gypsumboard panels are used for this
39、 purpose, they should be sealed at the periphery with solid or closed cell gaskets.FIG. 1 Recommended Ceiling Barrier InstallationFIG. 2 Recommended Sound Attenuating Duct InstallationE557 1235.1.4If5.2.4 If doors or removable panels used to cover openings in a monolithic ceiling, to gain access for
40、 servicing partitiondrive train components, the openings should be sufficiently large to permit all service operations without modification or damageto the ceiling. The covers should be sealed at the periphery with solid or closed cell gaskets. Fig. 3 shows the recommendedlocations of access panels.
41、 The doors or removable access panels should have a sound transmission loss equal to or greater thanthe ceiling transmission loss.5.2shows the recommended locations of access panels. The doors or removable access panels should have a sound transmissionloss equal to or greater than the ceiling transm
42、ission loss. Seals should be provided in the header wall at penetrations such asfor ducts and pipes.5.3 Floor Below Partition:5.23.1 Some types of floors are intentionally designed with hollow spaces below (for example, some gymnasium wood floorsor computer room access floors). Where there is a holl
43、ow space under the operable partition, sound may pass down through thefloor on one side and up through the floor on the other, or flank through a light floor structure. A barrier should be erected directlybelow the operable partition. The barrier, in conjunction with the floor, should have a sound t
44、ransmission loss equal to or greaterthan that of the partition (see Fig. 4, (a) and (b). Wood or other light floor structures should have a break in them under the partitionto limit flanking through the floor surface.5.2.2If5.3.2 If the floor is carpeted, it will be difficult to obtain a good seal a
45、t the bottom of the operable partition. It is preferableto replace the carpet with a strip of smooth material, such as metal, wood, or vinyl, where the bottom seals make contact with thefloor (see Fig. 5 (a) and (b).5.2.3The5.3.3 The seals at the bottom of the partition should make airtight contact
46、with the floor. The floor immediately underthe partition should not vary from a smooth level surface by more than 618 in. (63.2 mm) in 12 ft (3.7 m) non-accumulative. Asteel member, such as a standard terrazzo strip, can be placed in a concrete floor to ensure this accuracy (see Fig. 5 (b). TestMeth
47、ods E1155 and E1155M are test methods for measuring floor flatness and levelness.5.23.4 When floors under operable partitions are on upper stories, they are subject to live load deflections. If the deflectionsexceed the ability of the bottom seals of the operable partition to extend, all seal contac
48、t will be lost, opening a large sound leak.Either the floor should be designed to limit the deflections to less than the extension offered by the operable partition, or an operablepartition whose bottom seals offer sufficient extension to maintain contact with the floor under these conditions should
49、 be specified.5.2.5If5.3.5 If the operable partition extends directly to a floor truss or to the underside of a floor structure, the use of a slip jointmay be considered to accommodate deflection of the floor. All slip joints shallshould be specially designed or tested, or both, toensure that no sound leakage is introduced.5.35.4 End Conditions:5.3.1Operable partitions use various techniques to seal against permanent walls and partitions. These may include bulb seals,telescoping closures, fixed jambs mounted to the permanent wall or partition, or jambs recessed into the
