1、Designation: F711 02 (Reapproved 2013)F711 17Standard Specification forFiberglass-Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Rod and Tube Used inLive Line Tools 1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F711; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the
2、 case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers insulating rods and foam-filled tubes made from fiberglass-reinfo
3、rced plastic (FRP) that areintended for use in live line tools.1.2 This specification does not include insulating foam-filled tubes and rods from other materials. Specifications for fittings andattachments to rods and foam-filled tubes for complete tools are not covered in this specification.1.3 Thi
4、s specification establishes the technical characteristics that the tubes and rods must satisfy.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 12, of this specification. This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
5、with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally
6、recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D149 Test Method f
7、or Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials atCommercial Power FrequenciesD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Stand
8、ard:3.1.1 acceptance testa type of test made at the option of the purchaser.3.1.2 design testa type of test made on a sample treated as representative of an industrial product. These tests will notgenerally be repeated in quantity production.3.1.3 insulating tubes and rodsfiberglass-reinforced plast
9、ic (FRP) products manufactured using processes so that the tubes androds produced will meet the electrical and mechanical tests prescribed in this specification.3.1.4 interior foam-filled tubehomogeneous unicellular thermosetting foam filling with closed cells blown with noncombus-tible gases. The f
10、oam filling shall be bonded to the interior tube wall. The foam filling should be free of voids, separations, holes,cracks, etc.3.1.5 routine testa type of test made regularly on production material.3.1.6 visual inspectiona visual check made to detect constructional defects.1 This specification is u
11、nder the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 on Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF18.35 on Tools the high-potential end of the sample shall be the same for bothtests.12.2.4.3 Test ResultsThe currents (I1) measured shall be less than the value
12、s in Table 2. The difference between I1 and I2 shallbe less than 20 A.12.2.5 Electrical Withstand Routine TestsEither Method 1 or Method 2 shall be used to perform the routine electricalwithstand test for both FRP rods and FRP foam-filled tubes.12.2.5.1 Electrical Withstand Acceptance Test (Method 1
13、) Without Dielectric Current MonitoringThe typical test setup isshown in Fig. 10. Horizontally mount the test specimen at least 3 ft (0.9 m) above the floor on an insulating support. The electrodesshall be spaced 12 in. apart.(a) During the electrical withstand acceptance test, the tubes or rods sha
14、ll be subjected to an alternating voltage of 100 kV rmsat power frequency in accordance with Test Method D149 at a maximum voltage rise of 3000 V/s. The test voltage shall be appliedbetween electrodes for 5 min.NOTE 1For details of Fig. 3 see Figs. 4-9.FIG. 3 Typical AC Test Set UpFIG. 4 Assembly De
15、tailF711 175(b) During the course of the testing, there shall be no sign of flashover, puncture, tracking, or erosion on the surface of anysample. There shall be no perceptible temperature rise of any sample.12.2.5.2 Electrical Withstand Test (Method 2) With Dielectric Current MonitoringThe typical
16、test set-up is shown in Figs. 11and 12. The necessary equipment should be adequately shielded to provide accurate readings. The test fixture should be enclosedfor worker protection and equipped with an exhaust fan to provide a stable atmosphere.Amotor drive should be utilized to ensurea uniform rate
17、 of feed. The feed rate should be proportional to the response time of the metering circuit; that is, it shall be runslowly enough that maximum readings are obtained. At no time should this rate of feed exceed 40 ft/min.FIG. 5 Electrode DetailFIG. 6 Electrode Cap DetailF711 176FIG. 7 Brass Electrode
18、 DetailFIG. 8 Nylon Electrode Support DetailF711 177(a) With 6-in. electrode spacing, the applied voltage will be 50 kV. The equipment shall be designed such that a flashover,excessive dielectric current will disable the motor drive so that intentional action on the part of the operator is required
19、to resetthe equipment.(b) Acceptable rise above ambient of less than I1 as listed in Table 2. During the course of the testing, there shall be no signof flashover, puncture, tracking, or erosion on the surface of any sample.12.3 Mechanical Testing of FRP Tube:12.3.1 Bending Deflection Test (design)A
20、 tube 8 ft 5 in. (2.6 m) or longer shall be placed in a testing device such that theoverhang arm is 60 in. (1.5 m) in length, and the distance between supports is as shown in Fig. 13.12.3.1.1 The support shall be of the pole clamp-type (approximately 4-in. (100-mm) long) with the back clamp tightene
21、d to holdspecimen in place while the front clamp remains loose and serves only as a fulcrum. Both clamps shall be free to pivot as load(in Table 3) is applied 60 in. (1.5 m) from center of front clamping device (see Fig. 13).12.3.1.2 The deflection of each tube tested shall not exceed the value spec
22、ified in Table 3.12.3.2 Horizontal Crush Test (design)The test specimens shall be 3three nominal diameters in length. Each specimen shallbe tested separately. Each specimen shall be placed between smooth, flat, parallel, and rigid plates for the test (see Fig. 14). Thelength of the plates shall be a
23、t least equal to the specimen length plus 34 in. (19 mm).12.3.2.1 Reduce the distance between the two plates until a force, not greater than 20 lb, registers on the load instrumentation.Zero all instrumentation.12.3.2.2 The distance between the two plates is then continuously decreased at a constant
24、 rate between 0.08 to 0.2 in. (2 to 5mm)/min. Once selected this constant rate shall not be changed for that test.NOTE 1It is recognized that horizontal crush tests performed at a higher constant displacement rate are more severe.12.3.2.3 Record the constant displacement rate selected. Record the ma
25、ximum force applied to the test specimen during the first0.25-in. (6-mm) displacement. All tubes shall be capable of exhibiting a crush strength equal to or in excess of minimum valueslisted in Table 4.12.3.3 Tension Test (design)The FRP tube shall exhibit axial tension strength equal to or in exces
26、s of the minimum valueslisted in Table 5. Cut the test specimens from the wall of a tube and accurately measure to permit cross section area calculationswithin 5 % of true value and in accordance with Test Method D638 (see example in Fig. 1). The tensile strength of a tube is theproduct of the speci
27、men ultimate load and the ratio of the area of the entire tube wall cross section to that of the test specimen.At the manufacturers option, the complete tube may be loaded to the tensile minimum of Table 5. When this option is chosen,the specimen length and holding means are optional with the manufa
28、cturer.12.3.4 Shear Test (design)FRP tube shall have a minimum average shear strength, parallel to the axis of the tube, as indicatedin Table 6. Place the specimens between flat and parallel blocks for testing. Test two specimens from the same tube, with the shearplanes radially separated by approxi
29、mately 90. Apply the testing force at a crosshead speed of 0.2 in. (5 mm)/per min. Recordthe maximum load at the point the sample shears (see example in Fig. 2).12.4 Mechanical Test of Solid Rod (design)The tensile strength of the rod in the direction of the fibers, when tested inaccordance with Tes
30、t Method D638, shall be 80 000 psi (550 MPa) minimum. Compressive strength of the rod in the directionof the fibers, when tested in accordance withTest Method D695, shall be 30 000 psi (205 MPa) minimum.The rod tensile modulusof elasticity when tested in accordance with Test Method D638 shall be 1.5
31、 106 minimum.12.5 Mechanical Aging Test (design)Submit specimens of tubes and rods to cycles of simple flexure as described below. Eachtest is to be made on three specimens at environmental temperature of 60F (16C)60 F (16 C) minimum.FIG. 9 Brass Screw DetailF711 17812.5.1 FlexurePlace a tube 8-ft (
32、2.4-m) long or a rod 4-ft (1.2-m) long between two supports consisting of pulleys (see Fig.15), the support points being separated as follows:20 in. for solid rod 0.5 m for solid rod60 in. for 1 in., 114 in. tube 1.5 m for 32 mm tube80 in. for 112 in. tube and larger 2.0 m for 39 mm tube and larger1
33、2.5.1.1 At the center of the span, apply a vertical force to a fiber strap 2-in. (50-mm) wide, placed on the tube. The test consistsof submitting each specimen to 1000 cycles of flexure in each quadrant by applying the force specified in Table 2.12.5.1.2 The flexure frequency during the test shall b
34、e between 1 and 5 cpm. After completion of the test, the tubes and rodsshall reveal no visible signs of deterioration, bearing surfaces excluded.TABLE 2 Flexure Forces and Leakage Current ATYPE Outside Diameter Flexure Forces Leakage Current, I1in. (mm) lbf (N) ATube 1 (25.4) 220 (978.6) 5114 (31.8)
35、 270 (1201.0) 6112 (38.1) 370 (1645.8) 8134 (44.5) 550 (2446.5) 92 (50.8) 670 (2980.3) 10212 (63.5) 1680 (7473.0) 123 (76.2) 3030 (13 478.1) 14Rod 38 (9.5) 50 (222.4) 612 (12.7) 150 (667.2) 658 (15.9) 375 (1668.0) 634 (19.1) 800 (3058.6) 6TABLE 2 Flexure Forces and Leakage Current ATYPE Outside Diam
36、eter Wall Thickness Flexure Forces Leakage Current, I1in. (mm) 0.10 OD $0.10 OD lbf (N) ATube 1 (25.4) 0.100 in. (2.54 mm) 220 (978.6) 51 (25.4) $0.100 in. (2.54 mm) 220 (978.6) 10114 (31.8) 0.125 in. (3.18 mm) 270 (1201.0) 6114 (31.8) $0.125 in. (3.18 mm) 270 (1201.0) 12112 (38.1) 0.150 in. (3.81 m
37、m) 370 (1645.8) 8112 (38.1) $0.150 in. (3.81 mm) 370 (1645.8) 16134 (44.5) 0.175 in. (4.45 mm) 550 (2446.5) 9134 (44.5) $0.175 in. (4.45 mm) 550 (2446.5) 182 (50.8) 0.200 in. (5.08 mm) 670 (2980.3) 102 (50.8) $0.200 in. (5.08 mm) 670 (2980.3) 20212 (63.5) 0.250 in. (6.35 mm) 1680 (7473.0) 12212 (63.
38、5) $0.250 in. (6.35 mm) 1680 (7473.0) 243 (76.2) 0.300 in. (7.62 mm) 3030 (13 478.1) 143 (76.2) $0.300 in. (6.35 mm) 3030 (13 478.1) 28Rod 38 (9.5) 50 (222.4) 612 (12.7) 150 (667.2) 658 (15.9) 375 (1668.0) 634 (19.1) 800 (3058.6) 6A Values listed for maximum I1 are based on pole constructed of a rel
39、atively thin wall and filled internally with foam. Some special applications require a thicker wall, denserfoam, or different materials, which could change the dielectric constant of the test setup and consequently I1. Tubes such as these will still meet the requirements of thisspecification if the
40、dry leakage is less than twice the listed maximum value of I1 in the table.FIG. 10 Typical Test Arrangement for Electrical Withstand Acceptance TestF711 17912.5.2 Wicking Test (design)Take three samples, each 1-in. (25-mm) long from midspan of mechanically aged tubes, andimmerse them in Superior Vik
41、ing Quick Drying Ink or equal with 50/50 ink/water solution to a minimum depth of 12 in. (12 mm).After 24 h in the ink solution, no wicking shall be observed at the free end of the 1-in. (25-mm) sample.12.6 Dimensional Check (Routine)Measure the diameters to verify conformity with the requirements o
42、f Table 1.FIG. 11 Typical Test Set-UpFIG. 12 Typical Test Set-UpFIG. 13 Bending Deflection TestF711 171013. Rejection and Rehearing13.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements of this specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reported to theproducer or supplier promptly and in wr
43、iting. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer or supplier mayrequest another test in the presence of his representative, and such a request should be granted.14. Certification14.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order, a manufacturers certification tha
44、t the material was manufacturedand tested in accordance with this specification, together with a report of the test results, shall be furnished at the time of shipment.TABLE 3 DeflectionOutside Diameterof Tube Applied Force Max Deflectionin. (mm) lbf (N) in. (mm)1 (25.4) 20 (89.0) 20 (508.0)114 (31.
45、8) 50 (222.4) 20 (508.0)112 (38.1) 50 (222.4) 10 (254.0)134 (44.5) 50 (222.4) 5.5 (139.7)2 (50.8) 50 (222.4) 3.5 (88.9)212 (63.5) 50 (222.4) 1.75 (44.5)3 (76.2) 150 (667.2) 2 (50.8)FIG. 14 Crush TestTABLE 4 Crush MinimumsDiameter Min Crush Strengthin. (mm) lbf (N)1 (25) 650 (2891)114 (32) 750 (3336)
46、112 (39) 800 (3559)134 (44) 850 (3781)2 (51) 890 (3959)212 (64) 1210 (5382)3 (76) 1500 (6672)TABLE 5 Tensile Minimums for FRP TubesDiameter Min Tensile Strengthin. (mm) lbf (N)1 (25.4) 14 000 (62 275.1)114 (31.8) 18 000 (80 068.0)112 (38.1) 29 000 (12 8998.4)134 (44.5) 42 000 (18 6825.3)2 (50.8) 43
47、000 (19 1273.5)212 (63.5) 64 000 (28 4686.2)3 (76.2) 99 000 (44 0374.0)TABLE 6 Average Shear Minimums for FRP TubesDiameter Min Average Shear Strengthin. (mm) lbf (N)1 (25.4) 590 (2624.5)114 (31.8) 590 (2624.5)112 (38.1) 815 (3625.3)134 (44.5) 1000 (4448.2)2 (50.8) 890 (3958.9)212 (63.5) 1050 (4670.
48、6)3 (76.2) 1350 (6005.1)F711 171115. Packaging, Marking, Shipping, and Preservation15.1 Finished tubes and rods shall carry the following information affixed to the item in a manner that does not affect theperformance:15.1.1 Name of manufacturer,15.1.2 Month and year of manufacture, and15.1.3 That t
49、he product meets the requirements and bears the designated number of this specification.SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirement shall apply only when specified in the purchaser order.S1. AcceptanceS1.1 At the option of the purchaser, all or any part of an order of tubes or rods may be subjected to the following checks:S1.1.1 Visual check for general appearance, surface blemishes, air bubbles, or foreign bodies,S1.1.2 Dimensional checks,S1.1.3 Electrical TestsTubes or rods
