1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 1771:2004Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures Test methods Determination of injectability and splitting testThe European Standard EN 1771:2004 has the status of a British StandardICS 91.080.40g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56
2、g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 1771:2004This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2006 BSI ISBN 0 580
3、 44408 2National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 1771:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/517, Concrete, to Subcommittee B/517/8, Protection and repair of concrete structures, which has the responsibility t
4、o:A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International
5、 Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Stan
6、dard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European d
7、evelopments and promulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 13 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicatio
8、nAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1771August 2004ICS 91.080.40English versionProducts and systems for the protection and repair of concretestructures Test methods Determination of injectability andsplitting testProduits et systmes pour la protection et la rpara
9、tion desstructures en bton Mthodes dessai Dtermination delinjectabilit et essai de fendageProdukte und Systeme fr den Schutz und dieInstandsetzung von Betontragwerken Prfverfahren Bestimmung der Injektionsfhigkeit und Prfung derSpaltzugfestigkeitThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 Febru
10、ary 2004.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtain
11、ed on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretar
12、iat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
13、 Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwid
14、e for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1771:2004: EEN 1771:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Test principle4 4 General requirements for testing.4 4.1 Apparatus .4 4.2 Other equipment 4 4.3 Sand 5 5 Preparation of the test.8 5.1 Injectability test8 5.2 Preparatio
15、n of specimen for splitting test (Brazilian test).8 6 Test procedure.9 6.1 Column test 9 6.2 Splitting test .10 7 Expression of the results10 7.1 Column test 10 7.2 Splitting test .11 8 Test report 11 Bibliography 13 EN 1771:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1771:2004) has been prepared by Techn
16、ical Committee CEN /TC 104, “Concrete and related products“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. It has been prepared by Sub-committee 8 “Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures“ (Secretariat AFNOR). This European Standard shall be given the status of a nationa
17、l standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2005. It is generally recognised that it is difficult to generate cracks of a controlled width in concrete and dif
18、ficult to make objective measurements of the ease with which such cracks may be injected with various materials. This test, developed at the LCPC 1)and by RILEM 2), circumvents these difficulties by measuring the rate of flow of the injection agent through a column of graded sand. The sand grading s
19、pecified is carefully chosen to have interconnecting voids providing a tortuous path for a flow of the injection agent. These having a similar resistance to flow to that provided by a 0,2 mm crack in concrete (other gradings of sand could be chosen to simulate the flow in wider cracks, if desired).
20、The detailed method of injection uses a fixed quantity of mixed reactive injection agent in a vessel maintained at a closely controlled pressure, to provide the injection force. Thus, any limitations on the practical usage of the grout imposed by thickening/gelation of the mixed product in the injec
21、tion vessel will be recorded. The method could be modified to permit the assessment of grouts dispensed and injected by twin-pump metering and mixing machines, provided the same fine degree of pressure control can be exercised. As a supplement to the injectability test, the column of grouted sand, w
22、hen fully cured, is sawn into cylinders which are then subjected to indirect tensile strength measurement (Brazilian splitting test). This can provide a useful comparison between materials, giving some indication of the strength of bond achievable. This document includes a Bibliography. According to
23、 the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Lux
24、embourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 1) Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chausses. 2) Runion Internationale de Laboratoires dEssais et de recherches sur les Matriaux. EN 1771:2004 (E) 4 1 Scope This document specifi
25、es a method for determining the injectability of a product in a capillary network and its adhesion to concrete by measurement of the splitting strength of cylindrical mortar samples resulting from a sand column injection. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable fo
26、r the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement - Part 1: Determination of strength. EN 196-3, Methods of testing ce
27、ment - Part 3: Determination of setting time and soundness. EN ISO 9514, Paints and varnishes - Determination of the pot-life of liquid systems - Preparation and conditioning of samples and guidelines for testing (ISO 9514:1992). ISO 565, Test sieves Metal wire cloth, perforated metal plate and elec
28、troformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings. 3 Test principle The principle of the test consists on injecting, under a constant pressure, the product in a transparent plastic (polymethylmethacrylate) tube filled with graded sand and kept in a vertical position. The column is injected from its lower en
29、d; one measures the time taken by the product to attain the different reference marks drawn along the tube. 4 General requirements for testing 4.1 Apparatus The apparatus used is illustrated in Figure 1. The total length of the rising tube, the joining flexible tube and the connecting branches is (9
30、00 5) mm; the inner diameter is (6 0,1) mm. The difference in level between the bottom of the column and the bottom of the injection pot is (400 5) mm in length. The distance between the end of the rising tube and the bottom of the metal container is (20 1) mm. The tube end is cut square. The inject
31、ion column is fitted with rubber plugs perforated in their centre. The lower plug has passing through it a copper tube, 6 mm internal diameter - 8 mm external diameter, and (50 10) mm in length to which the flexible pipe is fitted. 4.2 Other equipment In addition to the above mentioned device, the f
32、ollowing equipment is necessary to carry out the test: transparent tubes not affected by the products involved (e.g. polymethylmethacrylate) (22,2 0,3) mm in inner diameter and 390 mm in length; a scale 400 mm long graduated in millimetres; EN 1771:2004 (E) 5 a balance accurate to within 0,1 g; a st
33、opwatch reading to 1/10 s; a thermometer graduated from 0 C to 200 C and accurate within 1 C; a supply of compressed air at a pressure of at least 0,5 MPa; wire mesh with 0,5 mm mesh (modulus 28) according to ISO 565; a metal container approximately 80 mm in diameter 175 mm high; a measuring vessel;
34、 a tube to join end of column and measuring vessel; a flexible tube suitable with the pressure; a clamp for the flexible tube; a pressure vessel about 3 l with safe working pressure at least that of the air supply ; it shall be fitted with pressure gauge to accurately measure pressures up to at leas
35、t 0,075 MPa with a precision of 0,0025 MPa; a supply of compressed air controlled by a pressure regulating valve. 4.3 Sand sand in accordance with EN 196-1 for cement tests; instead of siliceous sand, for special purposes crushed cement mortar of the same grading may be used (for instance if the sim
36、ulation of concrete capillary is intended); sieves with 0,63 mm, 0,80 mm, 1,00 mm, 1,25 mm mesh (see ISO 565). EN 1771:2004 (E) 6 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 Injection column 7 Pressure vessel 2 Flexible joining tube (6 mm, length 600 mm) 8 Metal container 3 Control measuring gauge 9 Safety valv
37、e 4 Compressed air supply 10 Measuring vessel 5 Pressure regulation valve 11 Overflow tube 6 Rising tube 12 Scale Figure 1 Test configuration Table 1 Grading curve of the reference sand Sieves meshes in mm 0,63 0,80 1,00 1,25 Cumulative passing percentage 0 33 63 100 EN 1771:2004 (E) 7 Key 1 Inner t
38、ube diameter, in millimetres 2 Weight of normal 0,63/1,25 mm sand, in g Figure 2 Weight determination the reference sand to be introduced into the tube according to its inner diameter EN 1771:2004 (E) 8 5 Preparation of the test 5.1 Injectability test 5.1.1 Preparation of the samples The operation p
39、rocedure is as follows: measure with callipers the inner diameter of each plastic tube in order to determine the sand mass to be introduced into it; place a rubber perforated plug and a disc of wire mesh in the lower end of the tube; reconstitute by screening with 0,63 mm, 0,80 mm, 1,00 mm and 1,25
40、mm sieves the grading of the 0,63 mm: 1,25 mm fraction of reference sand (see grading curve in Table 1); from Figure 2, determine to 0,1 g the quantity of sand to be introduced into each tube. 5.1.2 Preparation of the column Fill each tube in three stages, with fairly equal layers in order to obtain
41、 a total height of compacted sand of (360 1) mm. The sequence of operation is as follows: pour the sand into the injection column so that the tube is filled to the first third of its height to ( 20 mm); compact the sand by applying 50 lateral shocks evenly distributed over the height of the layer wh
42、ile rotating the injection column; do likewise for the 2ndand the 3rdlayer. After compacting the last layer, check that the total height of compacted sand is (360 1) mm; if this value is not obtained, it is necessary to empty the injection column and to repeat the filling process; put a disc of wire
43、 mesh over the compacted sand and the second rubber perforated plug; weigh to 0,1 g (mass M1) each filled injection column equipped with the perforated plugs and dry sand. 5.1.3 Number of columns Prepare two identical sand columns, one for the test in dry and the other for the test in damp medium. 5
44、.2 Preparation of specimen for splitting test The injected columns shall be carefully sealed (e.g. by fixing plugs with adhesive tape) and stored in a room at regulated temperature: (21 2) C and (60 10) % relative humidity for polymer and hydraulic products, for 28 days after injection. The columns
45、shall then be sawn perpendicular to their axis in order to obtain a minimum of 6 cylindrical samples of 2:1 aspect ratio. Each sample shall be then extruded from the tube recording its position in the column. Six samples shall be obtained from each column. Mechanical tests shall be carried on the sa
46、mples coming from two columns, six of them from dry medium and the other six from the damp medium. EN 1771:2004 (E) 9 6 Test procedure 6.1 Column test 6.1.1 Preliminary storage and preparation of the injection product Temperature levels to be selected for the tests are 8 C, 15 C, and 21 C or other t
47、emperatures agreed by the parties concerned. At least 24 h before testing, place all components of the products, the sand and the complete apparatus, in the testing room maintained at above the mentioned test temperatures or other temperatures agreed by the parties concerned. 6.1.2 Test execution 6.
48、1.2.1 Injection in dry medium Mix the components of the material to be tested in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. When the product to be tested is ready, pour (500 1) g of the mix into the test container described in Figure 1. Note the initial temperature of the mix and place the test
49、 container into the pressure vessel. Turn on compressed air supply and check that the pressure is (0,075 0,0025) MPa. If necessary correct by adjusting the pressure regulating valve and check that there are no leaks. Release the clamp on the flexible tube and start the chronometer when the product reaches the “zero“ level of the sand defined by the level of the lower wire mesh. Note the time taken by the product to reach the 50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 2
