1、 ETSI TR 101 310 V1.2.1 (2004-04)Technical Report Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT);Traffic capacity and spectrum requirements for multi-systemand multi-service DECT applications co-existing in acommon frequency bandETSI ETSI TR 101 310 V1.2.1 (2004-04) 2 Reference RTR/DECT-000144
2、Keywords DECT, radio, traffic ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies
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5、of this and other ETSI documents is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, send your comment to: editoretsi.org Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing re
6、striction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2004. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTMand the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI f
7、or the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI TR 101 310 V1.2.1 (2004-04) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights6 Foreword.6 1 Scope 7 2 References 7 3 Definitions and abbreviations.9 3.1 De
8、finitions9 3.2 Abbreviations .12 4 Introduction to DECT services and applications13 5 Principles for providing required traffic capacity and link quality on a common spectrum allocation 14 5.1 A new concept: the local load on the spectrum 14 5.2 Dynamic Channel Selection (DCS)15 5.2.1 Spectrum effic
9、iency of DECT compared with a system using FCA.15 5.2.2 Spectrum efficiency due to multi-operator multi-application coexistence on a common allocation 16 5.2.2.1 Residential base station applications.16 5.2.2.2 Office base station applications.16 5.2.2.3 Public outdoor above roof top RLL systems.17
10、5.2.2.4 Summary on multi-operator multi-application coexistence on a common allocation .17 5.2.2.4.1 Conclusion for the case with speech and estimated emerging data services .18 5.2.2.4.2 Conclusion for the case with mainly speech services19 5.3 Increase traffic by denser infrastructure, C/I limited
11、 capacity19 5.4 Increasing link quality without increasing the load on the spectrum19 5.5 Means for adjusting to emerging growth of traffic (subscribers) .20 6 DECT applications - scenarios.21 6.1 Residential application .21 6.2 Office/factory application.21 6.2.1 Large companies in a business centr
12、e.22 6.2.2 Large companies in industrial zones.22 6.2.3 Small/medium size companies22 6.3 Public pedestrian application22 6.4 RLL application23 6.4.1 Rural area - range requirements23 6.4.1.1 Special provisions for single link ranges beyond 5 km.24 6.4.2 Urban area - traffic capacity requirements ma
13、inly for speech services 24 6.5 Summary of traffic requirements25 7 ISDN, data and multimedia applications25 7.1 ISDN services.25 7.2 Data services in general26 7.3 The DECT 4-level, 8-level, 16-level, 64-level modulation option.27 7.3.1 Higher Level Modulation impact on traffic capacity27 8 Multi-s
14、ystem and multi-service DECT applications coexistence analysis for speech services and emerging increase of data related services .28 8.1 Interference between residential systems .28 8.2 Interference between residential systems and other applications .29 8.3 Interference between office systems.29 8.
15、4 Interference between office and public pedestrian street systems 29 8.5 Interference between office and RLL systems .30 8.6 Interference between public pedestrian systems.31 8.7 Interference between RLL systems 32 8.7.1 Spectrum requirements for RLL applications.32 8.8 Interference between public
16、pedestrian systems and RLL systems33 ETSI ETSI TR 101 310 V1.2.1 (2004-04) 4 8.8.1 Spectrum load for a system consisting of DASs and WRSs (CRFPs) 34 8.9 Interference from public systems to private users 34 8.10 Summary on coexistence and spectrum requirements34 9 Conclusion on spectrum requirements
17、for different scenarios .36 10 Recommendation on procedures for economic handling of hot spots and emerging traffic increase36 10.1 Monitoring37 10.2 Adjustment of the infrastructure.37 10.3 Frame synchronization .37 10.4 Maximum traffic load at RFPs .38 10.5 Sharing infrastructure .38 10.6 Carrier
18、back-off 38 Annex A: Simulation results .40 A.1 Simulations of WPBX office systems 40 A.1.1 Simulation scenario 40 A.1.2 Simulation results.41 A.1.2.1 Capacity in large office landscapes with soft partitioning 42 A.1.2.2 Interference to and from offices42 A.1.3 The impact of up-link power control44
19、A.1.3.1 Introduction.44 A.1.3.2 Power saving.44 A.1.3.3 Control of maximum interference and cell sizes.44 A.1.3.4 Capacity impact 44 A.1.3.4.1 Single-radio RFPs and WRSs .44 A.1.3.4.1.1 Residential single cell systems 44 A.1.3.4.1.2 Multi-cell systems .44 A.1.3.4.2 Multi-radio RFPs and WRSs.44 A.1.4
20、 The impact of higher level modulation options45 A.2 Simulations of public street public pedestrian systems45 A.2.1 Simulation scenario 46 A.2.2 Simulation results.47 A.3 Simulations of above rooftop RLL systems .47 A.3.1 Simulation scenarios.47 A.3.1.1 Basic scenario .47 A.3.1.2 Additional scenario
21、s .49 A.3.2 Simulation results.50 A.3.2.1 Basic capacity simulation results 50 A.3.2.2 Capacity and carrier availability .51 A.3.2.3 Synchronization 52 A.3.2.4 Directional versus omni-directional antennas.53 A.3.2.5 Sensitivity to C/I performance 53 A.3.2.6 Effect of cell size on the capacity .53 A.
22、3.2.7 Multi-operator scenarios .53 A.3.3 Improved realistic RLL propagation model .54 A.3.3.1 New simulations .55 A.3.3.2.1 Common parameters/definitions .55 A.3.3.2.2 Results.56 A.3.3.2.2.1 Customary model (close to model from clause A.3.1) 56 A.3.3.2.2.2 The model from clause A.3.1 56 A.3.3.2.2.3
23、No shadowing path loss 100 % LOS .56 A.3.3.2.2.4 No shadowing, 75 % LOS and 25 % NLOS56 A.3.3.2.2.5 Conclusion.56 A.3.4 Impact of up-link power control.57 A.3.5 Impact of higher layer modulation options.57 A.3.6 Conclusions 57 A.4 Simulations of below rooftop RLL systems and other RLL systems.58 A.5
24、 Coexistence between above rooftop RLL systems and a public pedestrian street system .58 A.5.1 Simulation scenario 58 ETSI ETSI TR 101 310 V1.2.1 (2004-04) 5 A.5.2 Simulation results.58 A.5.2.1 Interference from the RLL system to the public pedestrian system58 A.5.2.2 Interference from the public pe
25、destrian system to the RLL system59 A.5.2.3 Conclusions.59 A.5.2.3.1 Spectrum load for a system consisting of DASs and WRSs (CRFPs) 59 A.6 The impact of WRSs on infrastructure cost and spectrum utilization60 A.6.1 Examples of scenarios with WRS type CRFP (this type is implemented in products).62 A.6
26、.2 Examples of scenarios with WRS type REP (not in use) .63 Annex B: Coexistence with other technologies64 B.1 Coexistence on a common spectrum allocation with evolutions and derivatives (PWT) of DECT.64 B.2 Coexistence DECT and GSM 180064 B.3 Coexistence DECT and UMTS/TDD 3,84 Mcps.65 B.4 Coexisten
27、ce DECT and American PCS technologies 66 B.5 Coexistence DECT and PHS67 B.6 DECT coexisting on the US unlicensed bands, the UPCS band and the 900 MHz and 2,4 GHz ISM bands 68 B.6.1 The protected UPCS isochronous band rules - good for real time/isochronous services (e.g. telephony) .68 B.6.2 The unpr
28、otected ISM bands - not good for real time/isochronous services69 Annex C: The concepts of traffic capacity and efficient use of the spectrum.70 C.1 General .70 C.2 The relation between infra structure cost and spectrum efficiency70 C.3 Maximizing the application dependent spectrum efficiency70 C.3.
29、1 Directional gain antennas .70 C.3.2 Frame synchronization .71 C.3.2.1 Synchronization between RFPs within a DECT system (FP).71 C.3.2.2 Intersystem synchronization .71 C.3.3 Application of WRS .71 Annex D: Comparison with systems using fixed channel selection .72 D.1 Public pedestrian outdoor subu
30、rban application.72 D.1.1 Traffic when using the same total number of access channels as DECT .72 D.1.2 Total number of access channels required for the same traffic per base 72 D.1.3 Summary tables 72 D.2 Office multi-floor applications.73 Annex E: DECT instant DCS procedures74 E.1 Summary of some
31、DECT procedures providing the high traffic capacity and the maintenance of a high quality radio link 74 E.2 Detailed description of the DECT instant DCS procedures and features.75 E.2.1 Instant DCS or CDCS.75 E.2.2 Dynamic selection of control channels.76 E.2.3 The broadcast paging and system inform
32、ation .76 E.2.4 Dynamic selection of traffic channels and maintenance of the radio link77 E.2.5 MC/TDMA/TDD simple radio multichannel base station .78 E.2.6 Antenna base station diversity78 E.2.7 Traffic capacity 78 E.2.8 Inter system synchronization due to TDMA and TDD.79 Annex F: RF modifications
33、of DECT enabling applications on FDD (paired up-link/down-link) spectrum .80 History 81 ETSI ETSI TR 101 310 V1.2.1 (2004-04) 6 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential I
34、PRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are a
35、vailable on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
36、 server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Project Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT). The information in the present document is believed to be correct at the time of publication. Ho
37、wever, DECT standardization is a rapidly changing area, and it is possible that some of the information contained in the present document may become outdated or incomplete within relatively short time-scales. ETSI ETSI TR 101 310 V1.2.1 (2004-04) 7 1 Scope The present document describes the traffic
38、capacity and the spectrum requirements for multi-system and multi-service Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) applications coexisting on a common frequency band. Configurations for typical DECT applications, and relevant mixes of these, including residential, office, public and Radio
39、 in the Local Loop (RLL) applications, are defined and the traffic capacity is analysed, mainly by advanced simulations. These results are used together with relevant deployment scenarios to estimate spectrum requirements for reliable services, specifically for a public multi-operator licensing regi
40、me. Recommendations are given on conflict solving rules that conserve the high spectrum efficiency gain of shared spectrum while maintaining control of the service quality in ones own system. These recommendations cover synchronization, directional gain antennas, traffic limits per DECT Radio Fixed
41、Part (RFP), use of Wireless Relay Stations (WRSs), different rules for private and public operators and procedures needed for timely local adjustments where and when the local traffic increases. Results of studies on compatibility with other relevant radio technologies using spectrum adjacent to the
42、 DECT band, are also included. 2 References For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR) the following references apply:. 1 ETSI EN 300 175-1: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common Interface (CI); Part 1: Overview“. 2 ETSI EN 300 175-2: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommuni
43、cations (DECT); Common Interface (CI); Part 2: Physical Layer (PHL)“. 3 ETSI EN 300 175-3: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common Interface (CI); Part 3: Medium Access Control (MAC) layer“. 4 ETSI EN 300 175-4: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common Interf
44、ace (CI); Part 4: Data Link Control (DLC) layer“. 5 ETSI EN 300 175-5: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common Interface (CI); Part 5: Network (NWK) layer“. 6 ETSI EN 300 175-6: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common Interface (CI); Part 6: Identities and a
45、ddressing“. 7 ETSI EN 300 175-7: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common Interface (CI); Part 7: Security features“. 8 ETSI EN 300 175-8: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common Interface (CI); Part 8: Speech coding and transmission“. 9 ETSI EN 300 444: “Dig
46、ital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Generic Access Profile (GAP)“. 10 ETSI TBR 006: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); General terminal attachment requirements“. 11 ETSI EN 300 765-1: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Radio in the Local Loop (RLL)
47、 Access Profile (RAP); Part 1: Basic telephony services“. 12 ETSI EN 300 765-2: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Radio in the Local Loop (RLL) Access Profile (RAP); Part 2: Advanced telephony services“. 13 ETSI TR 101 178: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); A
48、high level guide to the DECT standardization“. 14 ETSI ETR 246: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Application of DECT Wireless Relay Stations (WRS)“. ETSI ETSI TR 101 310 V1.2.1 (2004-04) 8 15 ETSI EN 300 700: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Wireless Relay S
49、tation (WRS)“. 16 ETSI ETR 308: “ Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Services, facilities and configurations for DECT in the local loop“. 17 Akerberg, Brouwer, van de Berg, Jager: “DECT technology for radio in the local loop“, Proceedings of the IEEE 44th Vehicular Technology Conference, (Stockholm June 8-10 1994). 18 TIA/T1 JTC(AIR)/95.02.02-012R1: “TAG 3 (PACS) Radio Channel System Report“. 19 TIA/EIA-662: “Personal Wireless Telecommunication Standard (PWT)“. 20 TIA/EIA-696: “Personal Wireless Telecommunications - Enha
