1、 ETSI TS 102 692 V1.1.1 (2009-06)Technical Specification Electromagnetic compatibilityand Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);RF conformance testing ofradar level gauging applications in still pipesETSI ETSI TS 102 692 V1.1.1 (2009-06)2Reference DTS/ERM-TGTLPR-0116 Keywords radio, UWB ETSI 650 Route des Lu
2、cioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: ht
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6、nd the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2009. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTM, TIPHONTM, the TIPHON logo and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade M
7、ark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. LTE is a Trade Mark of ETSI currently being registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Associati
8、on. ETSI ETSI TS 102 692 V1.1.1 (2009-06)3Contents Intellectual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Introduction 5g31 Scope 6g32 References 6g32.1 Normative references . 6g32.2 Informative references 7g33 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7g33.1 Definitions 7g33.2 Symbols 8g33.3 Abbreviations .
9、8g34 General testing requirements 9g34.1 Presentation of equipment for testing purposes 9g34.2 Choice of model for testing 9g34.2.1 Declarations by the manufacturer . 9g34.2.2 Marking and equipment identification 9g34.3 Mechanical and electrical design 9g34.3.1 General 9g34.4 Interpretation of the m
10、easurement results 10g34.4.1 Measurement uncertainty is equal to or less than maximum acceptable uncertainty 10g34.4.2 Measurement uncertainty is greater than maximum acceptable uncertainty . 10g35 Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures 11g35.1 Normal conditions 11g35.2 External tes
11、t power source 11g35.2.1 Internal test power source . 11g35.3 Normal test conditions 11g35.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity 11g35.3.2 Normal test power source . 11g35.3.2.1 Mains voltage 11g35.3.2.2 Other power sources 11g36 General conditions 12g36.1 Radiated measurement arrangements . 12g36.2 M
12、odes of operation of the transmitter 12g36.3 Measuring receiver . 12g37 Interpretation of results 12g37.1 Measurement uncertainty . 12g38 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitter parameters 13g38.1 General . 13g38.2 Permitted range of operating frequencies . 13g38.2.1 Definition 13g38.2.2 M
13、ethod of measurement . 14g38.2.3 Limits Frequency range 15g38.3 Emissions . 15g38.3.1 Definition 15g38.3.2 UWB emissions 15g38.3.2.1 Method of measurement 15g38.3.2.2 Limits 16g38.3.3 Other Emissions (OE) . 17g38.3.3.1 Definition 17g38.3.3.2 Method of measurement 17g38.3.3.3 Limits 18g3ETSI ETSI TS
14、102 692 V1.1.1 (2009-06)48.4 Mitigation techniques . 18g38.4.1 Shielding effects . 19g38.4.2 Frequency domain mitigation . 19g38.4.3 Thermal Radiation 19g3Annex A (normative): Radiated measurements 20g3A.1 Test sites and general arrangements for measurements involving the use of radiated fields . 20
15、g3A.1.1 Anechoic Chamber . 20g3A.1.2 Anechoic Chamber with a conductive ground plane 21g3A.1.3 Open Area Test Site (OATS) . 22g3A.1.4 Test antenna 23g3A.1.5 Substitution antenna . 23g3A.1.6 Measuring antenna . 24g3A.2 Guidance on the use of radiation test sites . 24g3A.2.1 Verification of the test s
16、ite . 24g3A.2.2 Preparation of the EUT . 24g3A.2.3 Power supplies to the EUT . 24g3A.2.4 Range length . 24g3A.2.5 Site preparation 25g3A.3 Coupling of signals . 26g3A.3.1 General . 26g3Annex B (normative): Installation requirements for radar level gauging applications in still pipes 27g3Annex C (nor
17、mative): Requirements on a test pipe 28g3C.1 General . 28g3C.2 Measurement setup . 29g3Annex D (informative): Measurement antenna and preamplifier specifications . 31g3History 32g3ETSI ETSI TS 102 692 V1.1.1 (2009-06)5Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the presen
18、t document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in resp
19、ect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the
20、 existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio
21、spectrum Matters (ERM). Introduction The radar level gauges covered by the present document do not use the time domain UWB short pulses. Instead the radar level gauges covered by the present document use the frequency domain FMCW and/or SFCW. Thus the emission bandwidth generated by the FMCW and/or
22、SFCW radars is strictly controlled. The specified requirements in the present document describe the worst case scenario (i.e. the highest emissions to the environment) and shall be seen as a feasible test method to prove compliance of radar level gauging applications in still pipes. The background a
23、nd related applications have been described in TR 102 750 i.2 where the applications have been considered indoor like systems. ETSI ETSI TS 102 692 V1.1.1 (2009-06)61 Scope The present document specifies the requirements for radar level gauging applications in still pipes using UWB technology operat
24、ing in the 9 to 10,6 GHz frequency range. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete docume
25、nt or a part thereof and only in the following cases: - if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the purposes of the referring document; - for informative references. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the e
26、xpected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the applicati
27、on of the present document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. 1 CISPR 16-1 (2003): “Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Pa
28、rt 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus“. 2 ANSI C63.5 (2006): “American National Standard for Electromagnetic Compatibility - Radiated Emission Measurements in Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Control - Calibration of Antennas (9 kHz to 40 GHz)“. 3 Commission Decision 2007/131/EC
29、 of 21 February 2007 on allowing the use of the radio spectrum for equipment using ultra-wideband technology in a harmonised manner in the Community. 4 ISO 4266-1 (2002): “Petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Measurement of level and temperature in storage tanks by automatic methods - Part 1: M
30、easurement of level in atmospheric tanks“. 5 API MPMS 3.1A and 3.1B: “Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 3 - Tank Gauging, Section 1A - Standard Practice for the Manual Gauging of Petroleum and Petroleum Products, published on 1 of August 2005 / Tank Gauging Section 1B - Standard Prac
31、tice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tanks by Automatic Tank Gauging, published on 1 of June 2001“. 6 ITU-R Recommendation P.526-10 (02/07): “Propagation by diffraction“. 7 ETSI TR 100 028 (all parts) (V1.4.1): “ Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ER
32、M); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics“. ETSI ETSI TS 102 692 V1.1.1 (2009-06)78 ETSI TR 102 273 (all parts) (V1.2.1): “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Improvement on Radiated Methods of Measurement (using test site) and evaluat
33、ion of the corresponding measurement uncertainties“. 2.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced
34、 document (including any amendments) applies. i.1 ITU-R Recommendation SM.1754: “Measurement techniques of ultra-wideband transmissions“. i.2 ETSI TR 102 750: “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Radar level gauging applications in still pipes“. 3 Definitions, symbols and
35、 abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: dedicated waveguide antenna: device/structure to excite a certain waveguide mode that propagates inside a waveguide only duty cycle: ratio of the total on time of the transmitter to th
36、e total time emissions: signals that leaked or are scattered into the air within the frequency range (that includes harmonics) which depend on equipments frequency band of operation equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.): total power transmitted, assuming an isotropic radiator EUT: radar
37、 level gauge with a dedicated waveguide antenna on a dedicated still pipe Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar: radar where the transmitter power is fairly constant but possibly zero during periods giving a big duty cycle (such as 0,1 to 1) NOTE: The frequency is modulated in some way gi
38、ving a very wideband spectrum with a power versus time variation which is clearly not pulsed. operating frequency (operating centre frequency): nominal frequency at which equipment is operated pulsed radar: radar where the transmitter signal has a microwave power consisting of short RF pulses radiat
39、ed measurements: measurements that involve the absolute measurement of a radiated field radiation: signals emitted intentionally inside a tank for level measurements Stepped Frequency Continuous Wave (SFCW) radar: radar where the transmitter sequentially generates a number of frequencies with a step
40、 size NOTE: At each moment of transmission, a monochromatic wave is emitted. It is distinguished from FMCW that has the instantaneous frequency band rather than a single frequency wave. The SFCW radar bandwidth is synthesized by signal processing to achieve required resolution bandwidth. still pipe:
41、 still-well, stilling-well, guide pole: Vertical, perforated pipe built into a tank to reduce measurement errors arising from liquid turbulence, surface flow or agitation of the liquid NOTE: Any equipment made of a perforated steel pipe with diameters varying from a few centimetres up to several dec
42、imetres. The perforations enable the liquid to freely flow into and out of the still pipe at all levels in a tank. Still pipes are the preferred installation point of a Tank Level Probing Radar inserted inside a floating or open roof tanks. ETSI ETSI TS 102 692 V1.1.1 (2009-06)83.2 Symbols For the p
43、urposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: cl1 cable loss 1 cl2 cable loss 2 dB deciBel dBi gain in deciBel relative to an isotropic antenna dBm deciBel reference to 1 mW E Electrical field strength ER relative dielectric constant of earth materials Erms Average electrical field s
44、trength measured as root mean squaref frequency fc frequency at which the emission is the peak power at maximumG Efficient antenna gain of radiating structure GLNAGain of the measurement LNAGA Gain of the measurement antennaG(f) Antenna gain over frequency fHHighest frequency of the frequency band o
45、f operation fL Lowest frequency of the frequency band of operation k Boltzmann constant P Power Pe.i.r.p. power spectral density Pm measured spectral power Pwall, e.i.r.p. unwanted power spectral density R Distance rms Root mean square t time T Temperature TPpulse rise time ZF0 Free space wave imped
46、ance wavelength c velocity of light in a vacuum R range resolution t time interval between the arrivals of two signals from targets separated in range by R D Duty cycle Ps Output power of the signal generator measured by power meter f Bandwidth X Minimum radial distance (m) between the EUT and the t
47、est antenna Wavelength 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: e.i.r.p. equivalent isotropically radiated power EUT Equipment Under Test FMCW Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave IT Information Technology LNA Low Noise Amplifier OATS Open Area Te
48、st Site OE Other Emissions RBW Resolution BandWidth RF Radio Frequency RMS Remote Management System SFCW Stepped Frequency Continuous Wave TLPR Tank Level Probing Radar ETSI ETSI TS 102 692 V1.1.1 (2009-06)9TP Total Power UWB Ultra WideBand VBW Video BandWidthVSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio 4 Gener
49、al testing requirements 4.1 Presentation of equipment for testing purposes The manufacturer shall submit one or more samples of the equipment as appropriate for testing. Additionally, technical documentation and operating manuals, sufficient to allow testing to be performed, shall be supplied. The performance of the equipment submitted for testing shall be representative of the performance of the corresponding production model. In order to avoid any ambiguity in that assessment, the present document contains instructions for the presentati
