1、 ICC A117.1-2009 StAndArd And CommentAryAccessible And UsAble bUildings And FAcilitiesAccessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities Commentary(ICC A117.1-2009)First Printing: January 2013ISBN: 978-1-60983-408-1COPYRIGHT 2013ByINTERNATIONAL CODE COUNCIL, INC.ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. This Accessible and
2、Usable Buildings and Facilities Commentary (ICC A117.1-2009) is a copy-righted work owned by the International Code Council, Inc. Without advance written permission from the copyright owner, no part of this book may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including, w
3、ithout limitation, elec-tronic, optical or mechanical means (by way of example, and not limitation, photocopying, or recording by or in an information storage retrieval system). For information on permission to copy material exceeding fair use, please contact: Publications, 4051 W. Flossmoor Road, C
4、ountry Club Hills, IL 60478. Phone 1-888-ICCSAFE (422-7233).Trademarks: “ICC,” the International Code Council logo and “Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities (ICC A117.1-2009)” are trademarks of the International Code Council, Inc.PRINTED IN THE U.S.A.iiiApproval of an American National Sta
5、ndard requires verifi-cation by ANSI that the requirements for due process, con-sensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer.Consensus is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly a
6、nd materially affected inter-ests. Substantial agreement means much more than a sim-ple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution.The use of American National Standards is compl
7、etely vol-untary; their existence does not in any respect preclude any-one, whether he or she has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using prod-ucts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the stan-dards.The American National Standards Institute does not
8、 develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpreta-tion of any American National Standard. Moreover, no per-son shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpr
9、etations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this stan-dard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodic
10、ally to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this stan-dard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute.AMERICANNATIONALSTANDARDiv vFOREWORDThe information contained in this foreword is not part
11、of this American NationalStandard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordance with ANSIs require-ments for an ANS. As such, this foreword may contain material that has not beensubjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not containrequirements necessary for conformance
12、 to the standard.DevelopmentThe 1961 edition of ANSI Standard A117.1 presented the first criteria for accessibil-ity to be approved as an American National Standard and was the result ofresearch conducted by the University of Illinois under a grant from the Easter SealResearch Foundation. The Nation
13、al Easter Seal Society and the Presidents Com-mittee on Employment of People with Disabilities became members of the Secre-tariat, and the 1961 edition was reaffirmed in 1971.In 1974, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development joined theSecretariat and sponsored needed research, which resu
14、lted in the 1980 edition.After further revision that included a special effort to remove application criteria(scoping requirements), the 1986 edition was published and, when requested in1987, the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) assumed the Secretariat.Central to the intent of the chang
15、e in the Secretariat was the development of astandard that, when adopted as part of a building code, would be compatible withthe building code and its enforcement. The 1998 edition largely achieved that goal.The 2009 edition of the standard is the latest example of the A117.1 committeeseffort to con
16、tinue developing a standard that is compatible with the building code.When CABO was consolidated into the International Code Council (ICC) in 1998,the Secretariat duties were assumed by ICC.2009 EditionNew to the 2009 edition are coordinated criteria for the various types of dwellingunits that provi
17、de a step-down between the unit types; technical requirements forType C (Visitable) Units; Variable Message Signs (i.e., signs that change the infor-mation they show such as gate information in train stations and airports); betterconsistency of sign requirements regarding when raised characters and
18、braille arerequired; location of toilet paper dispensers (more design options, recessed fixturesaddressed, single point of measurement, etc.); a new chapter for a variety of typesof recreational facilities; an index and margin markings that will help users findrequirements and identify changes from
19、the 2003 edition. In addition, the new stan-dard continued to provide a level of coordination between the accessible provisionsof this standard and the federal government accessibility requirements in the FairHousing Accessibility Guidelines (FHAG) and the 2010 Americans with DisabilitiesAct (ADA) S
20、tandard for Accessible Design.ANSI ApprovalThis Standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the Accred-ited Standards Committee A117 on Architectural Features and Site Design of Pub-lic Buildings and Residential Structures for Persons with Disabilities. ANSIapproved the 2009 edition
21、 on October 20, 2010. Committee approval of the Stan-dard does not necessarily imply that all Committee members voted for its approval. AdoptionICC A117.12009 is available for adoption and use by jurisdictions internationally.Its use within a governmental jurisdiction is intended to be accomplished
22、throughadoption by reference in accordance with proceedings establishing the jurisdictionslaws.Formal InterpretationsRequests for Formal Interpretations on the provisions of ICC A117.12009 shouldbe addressed to: ICC, Chicago District Office, 4051 W. Flossmoor Road, CountryClub Hills, IL 604785795.vi
23、MaintenanceSubmittal of ProposalsAll ICC standards are revised as required by ANSI. Proposals for revising this edi-tion are welcome. Please visit the ICC web site at www.iccsafe.org for the official“Call for proposals” announcement. A proposal form and instructions can also bedownloaded from www.ic
24、csafe.org.ICC, its members and those participating in the development of ICC A117.1-2009do not accept any liability resulting from compliance or noncompliance with the pro-visions of ICC A117.1-2009. ICC does not have the power or authority to police orenforce compliance with the contents of this st
25、andard. Only the governmental bodythat enacts this standard into law has such authority.Marginal MarkingsIn the ICC A117.1 Standard (but not in this commentary) solid vertical lines in themargins within the body of the code indicate a technical change from the require-ments of the 2003 edition. Dele
26、tion indicators in the form of an arrow ( ) are pro-vided in the margin where an entire section, paragraph, exception or table hasbeen deleted or an item in a list of items or a table has been deleted.viiAccredited Standards Committee A117 on Architectural Features andSite Design of Public Buildings
27、 and Residential Structures forPersons with DisabilitiesAt the time of ANSI approval, the A117.1 Committee consisted of the following members:Chair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kenneth M. Schoonover, PEVice Chair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、 . . . . . . . . . . VacantA117 Committee Secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jay WoodwardOrganizational Member RepresentativeAccessibility Equipment ManufacturersAssociation (AEMA) (PD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kevin BrinkmanRobert Murphy (Alt)American Bankers Association (AB
29、A) (BO) . . . . . . . Virginia E. ONeilNessa Feddis (Alt)American Council of the Blind (ACB) (CU) . . . . . . . . Patricia BeattieEric Bridges (Alt)American Hotel and Lodging Association (AHLA) (BO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gerald Gross, AIA, FARAKevin Maher (Alt)American Institute of A
30、rchitects (AIA) (P) . . . . . . . . . David C. Collins, FAIALarry M. Schneider, AIA (Alt)American Occupational TherapyAssociation (AOTA) (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S. Shoshana ShambergAmerican Society of InteriorDesigners (ASID) (P). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sam
31、antha McAskill, ASIDBarbara J. Huelat, ASID, IIDA (Alt)American Society of PlumbingEngineers (ASPE) (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robert H. Evans, Jr., CIPE/CPDJulius A. Ballanco, P.E. (Alt)American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、Dr. William MarlettaJohn B. Schroering, P.E. C.S.P.(Alt)Mary Winkler, CSP (Alt)American Society of Theatre Consultants (ASTC) (P). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scott Crossfield, ASTCWilliam Conner, ASTC (Alt)R. Duane Wilson, ASTC (Alt)Association for Education and their respective associa
33、tions.Consumer/User (CU) Members in this category include those with disabilities, orothers who require accessibility features in the built environment for access to build-ings, facilities and sites; and their respective associations.Producer/Distributor (PD) Members in this category include those i
34、nvolved inmanufacturing, distributing, or sales of products; and their respective associations.Professional (P) Members in this category include those qualified to engage inthe development of the body of knowledge and policy relevant to their area of prac-tice, such as research, testing, consulting,
35、 education, engineering or design; andtheir respective associations.Regulatory (R) Members in this category include federal agencies, representa-tives of regulatory agencies or organizations that promulgate or enforce codes orstandards; and their respective associations.Individual Expert (IE) (Nonvo
36、ting) Members in this category are individualexperts selected to assist the consensus body. Individual experts shall serve for arenewable term of one year and shall be subject to approval by vote of the consen-sus body. Individual experts shall have no vote.Category NumberBuilder/Owner/Operator (BO)
37、6Consumer/User (CU)11Professional (P 5Producer/Distributor (PD)7Regulatory (R TOTAL 46xiPREFACEPurpose and ApplicationThis standard contains technical specifications (i.e., how to) for elements that are used in creating accessible functional spaces. For example, it specifies technical requirements f
38、or making doors, routes, seating and other elements accessible. These accessi-ble elements are used for designing accessible functional spaces such as classrooms, hotel rooms, lobbies or offices.This standard does not include scoping criteria (i.e., what, where and how many). Scoping provisions are
39、contained in laws, ordinances or model building codes that reference this standard. This standard is for adoption by government agencies and by organizations setting model codes to achieve uniformity in the technical design criteria in building codes and other regulations. This standard is also used
40、 by nongovernmental entities as technical design guidelines or requirements to make buildings and facilities accessible to and usable by persons with physical disabilities.Provisions of this standard are suitable for: the design and construction of new buildings and facilities, including both spaces
41、 and elements, site improvements and pub-lic walks. remodeling, alteration and rehabilitation of existing construction. permanent, temporary and emergency conditions.Criteria are established for individual building spaces and elements. The intention is that these accessible spaces and elements combi
42、ne to provide accessibility throughout a building and related site facilities. General criteria, such as the minimum width of an accessible route, can apply to different building or site elements, including sidewalks, corridors and aisles between library stacks. Other criteria are for specific eleme
43、nts such as drinking fountains, water closets, sinks and lavatories.The principal purpose of the commentary is to provide a basic volume of knowledge and facts relating to building construction as it pertains to the regulations set forth in the ICC A117.1.In the chapters that follow, discussions foc
44、us on the full meaning and implications of the text. Guildelines suggest the most effective method of application, and the consequences of not adhering to the text. Illustrations are provided to aid understanding; they do not necessarily illustrate the only methods of achieving compliance.The format
45、 of the commentary includes the full text of each section, table and figure in the standard, followed immediately by the commentary applicable to that text. At the time of printing, the commentary reflects the most up-to-date text of the 2009 ICC A117.1. Each sections narrative includes a statement
46、of its objective and intent and usually includes a discussion about why the requirement commands the conditions set forth. Standard text and commentary text are easily distinguished from each other. All standard text is shown as it appears in the ICC A117.1 and all commentary is indented below the c
47、ode text with the symbol .Readers should note that the commentary is to be used in conjunction with the ICC A117.1 and not as a substitute for the stan-dard. The commentary is advisory only; the code official alone possesses the authority and responsibility for interpreting the code and referenced s
48、tandards.Comments and recommendations are encouraged, for through your input, we can improve future editions. Please direct your comments to the Codes and Standards Development Department at the Chicago District Office.Recommendations to Adopting AuthoritiesAdministrationThis standard does not estab
49、lish which occupancy or building types are covered and the extent to which each type is covered. Such requirements for application of this standard must be specified by the adopting authority, including which and how many functional spaces and elements are to be made accessible within each building type.The standard does not establish which or how many buildings, facilities and spaces or elements w
