1、2013 年天津外国语大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案与解析一、选择题1 The skies were void of smog, but a light sea mist blanketed the bay in a trippy, wobbly haze.（A）free（B） full（C） empty（D）depleted2 By the time I get to the office 10 minutes later, Ive already risked being hit by a car several times. Italy and China are very si
2、milar in this respect. Traffic lights have more of an ornamental function than a practical one.（A）boycott（B） extraordinary（C） decorative（D）legal3 As it is in the vicinity of the embassy area, the district where the complex is located is a major residential location for foreigners and foreign compani
3、es.（A）similar area（B） unknown place（C） main street（D）neighborhood4 Not long ago, Zheng Yuanjie, a famous author of childrens literature, openly expressed his opposition to Chinas class council system in his micro-blog, arguing that this system will exert a negative impact on childrens personality de
4、velopment, triggering discussions on whether the current class council system should be cancelled.（A）igniting（B） resulting（C） enclosing（D）inviting5 In 2012, Chinese enterprises will be confronted with unprecedented challenges, said the Report of Chinese Enterprise Development, issued by the Developm
5、ent Research Center of the State Council on January 8.（A）serious（B） worsening（C） exceeding（D）unparalleled6 The policy incurred queries from the public. Many said that establishing a link between employment rate and college courses is reasonable because colleges have the responsibility to provide use
6、ful human resources to promote social development, but deciding a majors fate based solely on that rate, however, is not.（A）caused（B） demanded（C） eliminated（D）associated7 Anyone who has any understanding of China will agree that we will be able to achieve a soft landing, supported by buoyant domesti
7、c demand.（A）dwindling（B） emerging（C） floating（D）thriving8 Twenty-nine Chinese nationals abducted by local rebels in Sudan were successfully rescued by the Sudanese army and arrived at the Chinese Embassy to Kenya that day.（A）seized（B） freed（C） exploited（D）moderated9 In China, antibiotics are commonl
8、y referred to by another namemedicine to diminish inflammation, which has contributed a lot to the spread of antibiotics.（A）curtail（B） level（C） dwindle（D）shrink10 Because Apple products are released much later in China than in other countries, many Apple fans turn to smugglers to satisfy demand.（A）b
9、lack-market（B） howlers（C） contrabandist（D）dealers11 We see some tactical differences in the region. But on the whole, the United States and China have either commonality or complementarily of interests.（A）consensus（B） mismatch（C） parts that make a good combination（D）needs of both two parties12 Rathe
10、r a cursory skim of its text reveals that it is in fact a surrogacy intermediary website.（A）go-between（B） express service（C） information emission（D）transformation13 Despite a widespread tendency to romanticize Van Goghs ill health, modern critics see an artist deeply frustrated by the inactivity and
11、 incoherence brought about by his bouts of illness.（A）attacks（B） hoarding（C） recovery（D）vulnerability14 Many people claiming to have been forcibly treated for nonexistent mental illnesses are institutionalized by family members.（A）internalized（B） sent to an institution（C） hospitalized（D）ignored15 Fr
12、om harping on the trade deficit to a discussion of whether it is proper for the candidates to have investments in China, the word “China“ came up 22 timesalways negativelyin the second debate, and 35 times in the finale between Obama and Romney.（A）talking tediously（B） arguing fiercely（C） relating fo
13、rcibly（D）debating vigorously16 His work is said to bear a strong resemblance to the 1982 Nobel Prize winner Gabriel Garcia Marquez. The Nobel Committee in Sweden praised Mos “hallucinatory realism, “ which blends aspects of “ fold tales, history and the contemporary, “ and said that his works remind
14、ed people of Marquezs and William Faulkners works.（A）cruel（B） sheer（C） phantasmal（D）homicide17 Walking toward the house, a small woman saw me and ran out to usher me the rest of the distanceabout 10 feet to the chair. She ran inside, brought out a cup, threw in some tea leaves, repeating the words “
15、Longjing cha“ several times and then added hot water.（A）push（B） escort（C） press（D）take18 While Chinese observers recommend sticking to the principle of a peaceful resolution, they warn that if Japan takes further provocative acts, the bilateral relationship could spin out of control.（A）swirl（B） jump
16、（C） disperse（D）scatter19 One solution to improve the poor drainage system in Beijing is to gradually upgrade the underground conduits and design standards, but it is not a job that will be completed soon.（A）accelerating（B） outpouring（C） storing（D）drawing off20 The piranha is not the only alien speci
17、es that has appeared in China. Although it remains unnecessary for swimmers in Liuzhou to worry about piranha attacks, other alien species have long plagued economies and ecosystems.（A）vicious（B） invading（C） foreign（D）ancient21 The Amost easiest process for mining gold is panning, which Binvolves us
18、ing a Ccircular dish with a small pocket Dat the bottom.22 In the United States, Aboth the federal and state governments have laws Bdesigned to guard consumers Cagainst deceptive Dadvertise.23 Anthropologists Aagree that our Bprimitive ancestors who inhabited the tropics Cprobably have natural prote
19、ction Dagainst the sun.24 A principle of Amanager is to ensure that every Baction or Cdecision achieves a carefully Dplanned goal.25 AResearchers at the university Bare investigating a series of indicators that Ccould help Dthemselves to predict earthquakes.26 A Acommon use Bwith gold in the ninetee
20、nth century was Cas a standard for the Dvalue of money.27 How many people Arealize that agriculture is a Bsource of raw Cmaterials for clothing and Dto shelter?28 APrincipal known for Bhis Cdictionary, Noah Webster was also the first Depidemiologist in the country.29 Window treatment, furniture arra
21、ngement and color Acombine Ball contribute to the Coverall impression of Da room.30 A patent Agives inventors Bexclusive rights to their inventions for a Cfix period Dof time.二、选词填空30 Note-taking is a skill that can help you do well on all your schoolworkeverything from taking tests to researching a
22、 paper. But【K1】u_, most schools dont have classes that teach you how to take【K2】n_. So here are some tips. Write down【K3】k_facts. If you have a teacher who writes notes on the board, thats a bonus; You can【K4】c_them down. If not, write down the most important【K5 】p_ from class. Does your history【K6
23、】t_mention the date of a key Civil War battle? Does your English teacher give examples of Shakespeares use of dramatic irony? Does your math teacher go over a particular formula? Write it down! It can take some experimenting to【K7】f_ out what information is helpful, so keep trying and dont give up.【
24、K8】D_teachers do things differently. For example, some teachers may mention lots of dates and facts in class but only write the key ones on the【K9】b_. Other teachers may not write anything down, but they may repeat a certain date or piece of information. Thats a【K10 】c_that its probably important. A
25、fter a while, youll get to know a teachers style.31 【K1】32 【K2】33 【K3】34 【K4】35 【K5】36 【K6】37 【K7】38 【K8】39 【K9】40 【K10】40 A growing number of companies are finding that small-group discussions allow them to develop healthier ways to think about work. People at all【K11 】l_of corporate structure are
26、starting groups that meet weekly or【K12 】m_to talk oyer ways to make workplaces【K13】m ethical and just. Several factors must be present for small-group【K14】d_ to be successful. First, it is important to put together the right【K15】g_. Groups work best when they consist of people who have【K16】s_ dutie
27、s, responsibilities, and missions. This does not mean, however, that everyone in the group must think in lockstep. All【K17】p_should agree on the groups purpose. Finding the right subject matter is essential. There are several【K18】w_to fuel the discussion; by using the companys mission statement, by
28、finding readings on work and ethics by experts in the topic, or by analyzing specific workplace incidents that have affected the company or others like it. Finally, the dynamics of the group should be balanced, and the discussion leader must not be allowed to overwhelm the conversation or the agenda
29、. Groups work【K19】b _ when the same person is not always in charge. It is better to【K20】r_ the leadership for each meeting and let that leader choose the material for discussion.41 【K11】42 【K12】43 【K13】44 【K14】45 【K15】46 【K16】47 【K17】48 【K18】49 【K19】50 【K20】三、阅读理解50 About myopiaif you have it, be ha
30、ppy. As shown by numerous scientific studies, nearsighted men and women boast a higher average intelligence than their nonmyopic cohorts. The precise mechanism of this association remains unknown, but it is tempting to postulate an effect of myopia on early childhood development. Most nearsighted ki
31、ds wander around undiagnosed for years, and during this formative periodunable to see the baseballs, Frisbees, and rocks thrown at them by their playmatesthey spend a lot of time indoors. The nonathletic myopias who take up reading to while away the hours get high scores on the SATs, while those who
32、 take up eating tweak our claustrophobia by overflowing the adjacent seat on airplanes. Myopia also exerts a compelling influence on career choice: the great majority of my fellow ophthalmologists wear either contact lenses or thick myopic spectacles. Pathology breeds preoccupations.However beautifu
33、l the human eye, it serves a more important purpose than romantic allure. Forty percent of the brain is devoted to vision, which provides us with more information than our other four senses combined. Our optic nerves transmit millions of impulses to the brain every second, impulses that specify the
34、location, color and intensity of light for all the points in our visual space. Better yet, thanks to a mysterious algorithm that fuses the slightly disparate images from each of our eyes, our visual cortex, via a neurological miracle known as depth perception, shows us the world in three dimensions.
35、 An impressive feat since a video camera, arguably the benchmark of modern technology, can muster only two dimensions.Certain ocular tissue stands on the pinnacle of evolution. How does nature, so crude in claw and fang, create a surface that brings light into a pinpoint focus? This surface must be
36、perfectly curved, perfectly transparent, perfectly smooth. It must bewater! Which is to say, the cornea owes its optical perfection to a tear film whose dissolved salts, lipids, and proteins maintain a flawless wetted surface. A man who has no tears stands on the brink of blindness. Worse yet, that
37、man will writhe in agony: a dry cornea, thanks to the most exquisite pain threshold in the human body, responds to each blink with a tormenting jolt. Dry eye victims compare the sensation to that caused by rubbing the eyeball with shards of glass.51 Myopia is blessing in disguise because（A）shortsigh
38、ted people earn more.（B） shortsighted people read more.（C） shortsighted people live longer.（D）shortsighted people eat more.52 “Pathology breeds preoccupations“ most probably means, by analogy,（A）eye doctors choose their career because they like their career.（B） surgeons choose their career because t
39、hey suffer from injury.（C） gynaecologists choose their career because she is a woman.（D）ear, nose and throat doctors choose their career because they wish to have a beautiful voice.53 To ensure the eyes function normally, the most important thing is to（A）read less to let the eyes have a rest.（B） see
40、 the doctor when there is something wrong with the eye.（C） not to focus on an object over a long time.（D）need water to moisten the cornea.54 The sentence “However beautiful the human eye, it serves a more important purpose than romantic allure“ can be best interpreted as（A）But the human eye is beaut
41、iful, it.（B） Although human eye is beautiful, it.（C） No matter how beautiful the human eye is, it.（D）Despite the fact that the human eye is beautiful, it.55 Which organ receives the most information, according to the author?（A）Ears.（B） Tongue.（C） Hands.（D）Eyes.55 That evening at the academicians dor
42、mitory, I went out onto my balcony and lit a cigarette. A few minutes later, the door of the adjacent balcony opened. The balconies were extremely close, the railings separated by a mere ten inches of black space. An elderly woman stepped outside and stood very still, gazing sternly into the distanc
43、e, apparently pursuing her own thoughts about Tolstoy. Abruptly she turned to me. “Would you be so kind as to give me a light?“ she asked.I fished a matchbook from my pocket, lit a match, cupped my hand around it, and held it over her balcony. She leaned over, ignited a Kent Light, and began puffing
44、 away. I decided to take advantage of this moment of human contact to ask for shampoo.(There wasnt any in our bathrooms, and mine was lost somewhere with my suitcase.)But when I mentioned shampoo, some strong emotion flickered across the old womans face. Fear? Annoyance? Hatred? I consoled myself th
45、at I was providing her an opportunity to practice resignation of the soul.“ Just a minute, “ said my neighbor resignedly, as if she had read my thoughts. She set down her cigarette in a glass ashtray. The thread of smoke climbed up into the windless night. I ducked into my room to find a shampoo rec
46、eptacle, choosing a ceramic mug with a picture of the historic white gates of Yasnaya Polyana. Under the picture was a quotation from L. N. Tolstoy, about how he was unable to imagine a Russia with no Yasnaya Polyana.I held the mug over the narrow chasm, and my neighbor poured in some sudsy water fr
47、om a small bottle. 1 realized then that she was sharing with me literally her last drops of shampoo, which she had mixed with water in order to make them last longer. I thanked her as warmly as I knew how. She responded with a dignified nod. We stood a moment in silence.“Do you have any cats and dog
48、s?“ she asked finally.“No, “ I said. “And you?“ In Moscow, I have a marvelous cat. “56 “I fished a matchbook from my pocket“. Here the matchbook is（A）a book.（B） a match schedule.（C） a box contains matches.（D）a description of matches.57 The passage indicates that the hotel room the author lives in is
49、 probably（A）expensive.（B） spacious.（C） elegant.（D）high about the ground.58 It can be gathered from the passage that the hotel does not provide its customer with（A）food.（B） drinking water.（C） bathroom.（D）shampoo.59 The author might not have asked for help from her hotel neighbor in the following situation;（A）She had her luggage at hand.（B） She had taken a bath at home.（C） She believed that her neighbor had enough shampoo.（D）She knew that her neighbor did not hav
