1、2013 年湖南师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 BEC2 GPS3 HIV4 Melbourne5 Semantics6 overdue loan7 avian influenza8 Ph. D candidate9 cease-fire agreement10 proactive fiscal policy11 fixed exchange rate system12 qualified commercial insurer13 consultation on an equal footing14 household and commercial lighting15 Un
2、ited Nations Security Council汉译英16 大学17 免费通过18 流动人口19 种子选手20 共同富裕21 生态农业22 行政审批23 农业特产税24 在职研究生25 自然保护区26 学龄前儿童27 大规模裁员28 工资集体合同29 科技体制改革30 公共供暖系统英译汉31 Most of the luxuries, and many of the so-called comforts of life, are not only not indispensable, but positive hindrances to the elevation of mankin
3、d. With respect to luxuries and comforts, the wisest have ever lived a more simple and meagre life than the poor. The ancient philosophers, Chinese, Hindoo, Persian, and Greek, were a class than which none has been poorer in outward riches, none so rich in inward. We know not much about them. It is
4、remarkable that we know so much of them as we do. The same is true of the more modern reformers and benefactors of their race. None can be an impartial or wise observer of human life but from the vantage ground of what we should call voluntary poverty. Of a life of luxury the fruit is luxury, whethe
5、r in agriculture, or commerce, or literature, or art. There are nowadays professors of philosophy, but not philosophers. Yet it is admirable to profess because it was once admirable to live. To be a philosopher is not merely to have subtle thoughts, nor even to found a school, but so to love wisdom
6、as to live according to its dictates, a life of simplicity, independence, magnanimity, and trust. It is to solve some of the problems of life, not only theoretically, but practically. The success of great scholars and thinkers is commonly a courtier-like success, not kingly, not manly. They make shi
7、ft to live merely by conformity, practically as their fathers did, and are in no sense the progenitors of a noble race of men.汉译英32 中国共产党成立后，团结带领人民前仆后继、顽强奋斗，把贫穷落后的旧中国变成日益走向繁荣富强的新中国，中华民族伟大复兴展现出前所未有的光明前景。我们的责任，就是要团结带领全党全国各族人民，接过历史的接力棒，继续为实现中华民族伟大复兴而努力奋斗，使中华民族更加坚强有力地自立于世界民族之林，为人类作出新的更大的贡献。这个重大的责任，就是对人民
8、的责任。我们的人民是伟大的人民。在漫长的历史进程中，中国人民依靠自己的勤劳、勇敢、智慧，开创了民族和睦共处的美好家园，培育了历久弥新的优秀文化。我们的人民热爱生活，期盼有更好的教育、更稳定的工作、更满意的收入、更可靠的社会保障、更高水平的医疗卫生服务、更舒适的居住条件、更优美的环境，期盼着孩子们能成长得更好、工作得更好、生活得更好。人民对美好生活的向往，就是我们的奋斗目标。2013 年湖南师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 商务英语证书2 【正确答案】 全球定位系统3 【正确答案】 艾滋病毒(人类免疫缺陷病毒)4 【正确答案】 墨尔本5 【正确答案】 语义学6 【正确
9、答案】 逾期贷款7 【正确答案】 禽流感8 【正确答案】 博士候选人9 【正确答案】 停火协议10 【正确答案】 积极的财政政策11 【正确答案】 固定汇率体系12 【正确答案】 合格的商业承保人13 【正确答案】 平等地位的磋商14 【正确答案】 家庭和商业照明15 【正确答案】 联合国安理会汉译英16 【正确答案】 the Great Learning17 【正确答案】 free pass18 【正确答案】 transient population19 【正确答案】 seeded player20 【正确答案】 common prosperity21 【正确答案】 eco-agricult
10、ure22 【正确答案】 administrative approval23 【正确答案】 tax on agricultural specialty products24 【正确答案】 on-the-job graduates25 【正确答案】 natural reserve area26 【正确答案】 preschool children27 【正确答案】 mass layoff28 【正确答案】 collective contract of wage29 【正确答案】 reform of scientific and technological system30 【正确答案】 publi
11、c heating system英译汉31 【正确答案】 大多数奢侈品以及所谓的生活上舒适的条件，不仅是绝无必要的而且对人类的进步也是绝对的阻碍。从这两个方面来说，最智慧的人过去的生活比穷人还要简单和清贫。中国、印度、波斯和希腊古代的哲学家们没有一个不是外在物质世界很贫穷，而内在的精神世界却很富足的。我们对他们并不是真正的了解。不过值得注意的是，我们对他们的生平事迹却是很了解。近代的那些改革家以及民族的大救星也大都如此。唯有站在甘于贫乐的有利地位上人们才能公平而又英明地审视人类的生活。不管在农业还是商业，文学还是艺术上，奢侈的生活结出的果实也都是奢侈的。如今，哲学教授遍地开花而哲学家却寥寥无几
12、。当教授是很令人眼红的，因为过去他们都过着令人艳羡的生活。而成为一个哲学家，不仅仅要有细致人微的思想或是创立一个学派，而是要热爱智慧，要根据智慧的学说去过一种简单、独立、大度和值得信赖的生活。这不是从理论上，而是从实际方法上着手去解决生命中的一些难题。那些伟大的学者和思想家的成功，一般都是唯唯诺诺的，而不是高高在上或气冲云天的。他们趋炎附势，实际上是沿袭他们父辈的所作所为，所以他们绝不是人类高贵的先知者。汉译英32 【正确答案】 After the foundation of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people, waged ard
13、uous struggles led by the Party to change the old China which was poor and backward into a prosperous one. And the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation saw an unprecedentedly bright future.It is our responsibility to unite the whole Party and the people of all ethnics of group to take hold of the bato
14、n of the history to struggle for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Thus, the Chinese nation can stand firmly in the family of nations, making fresh and greater contributions for the human being.The responsibility is one we shoulder to our people as our people are great. During the long c
15、ourse of history, the Chinese people, with their diligence, boldness and wisdom, cultivate refreshing culture and break a land where all nationalities can live in peace.Our people love life and they wish for better education, more stable job, more satisfying income, more reliable social security, better medical and health service with high level, more comfortable living conditions and more beautiful environment. They expect that their children could grow up to have better job and life. Peoples dream for better life is our goal to struggle for.
