1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 110 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 An earthquake hit Kashmir on Oct. 8, 2005. It took some 75 000 lives,【C1】_ 130 000 and left nearly 3. 5 million without food, jobs
2、 or homes.【C2】_ overnight, scores of tent villages bloomed【C3】_ the region, tended by international aid organizations, military【C4】_ and aid groups working day and night to shelter the survivors before winter set【C5】_.Mercifully, the season was mild. But with the【C6 】_ of spring, the refugees will b
3、e moved again. Camps that【C7】_ health care, food and shelter for 150 000 survivors have begun to close as they were【C8】_ intended to be permanent.For most of the refugees, the thought of going back brings【C9】_ emotions. The past six months have been difficult. Families of 10 many as【C10】_ people hav
4、e had to shelter【C11 】_ a single tent and share cookstoves and bathing【C12】_ with neighbors. “They are looking forward to the clean water of their rivers,“ officials say. “They are【C13】_ of free fresh fruit. They want to get back to their herds and start【C14】_ again. “ But most will be returning to【
5、C15 】_ but heaps of ruins. In many villages, electrical【C16】_ have not been repaired, nor have roads. Aid workers【C17 】_ that it will take years to rebuild what the earthquake took【C18】_ . And for the thousands of survivors, the【C19】_ will never be complete.Yet the survivors have to start somewhere.
6、 New homes can be built【C20】_ the stones, bricks and beams of old ones. Spring is coming and it is a good time to start again.1 【C1 】（A）injured（B） ruined（C） destroyed（D）damaged2 【C2 】（A）Altogether（B） Almost（C） Scarcely（D）Surely3 【C3 】（A）among（B） above（C） amid（D）across4 【C4 】（A）ranks（B） equipment（C）
7、personnel（D）installations5 【C5 】（A）out（B） in（C） on（D）forth6 【C6 】（A）falling（B） emergence（C） arrival（D）appearing7 【C7 】（A）strengthened（B） aided（C） transferred（D）provided8 【C8 】（A）never（B） once（C） ever（D）yet9 【C9 】（A）puzzled（B） contrasted（C） doubled（D）mixed10 【C10 】（A）like（B） as（C） so（D）too11 【C11 】（A
8、）by（B） below（C） under（D）with12 【C12 】（A）facilities（B） instruments（C） implements（D）appliances13 【C13 】（A）seeking（B） dreaming（C） longing（D）searching14 【C14 】（A）producing（B） cultivating（C） farming（D）nourishing15 【C15 】（A）anything（B） something（C） everything（D）nothing16 【C16 】（A）lines（B） channels（C） path
9、s（D）currents17 【C17 】（A）account（B） measure（C） estimate（D）evaluate18 【C18 】（A）aside（B） away（C） up（D）out19 【C19 】（A）reservation（B） retreat（C） replacement（D）recovery20 【C20 】（A）from（B） through（C） upon（D）ontoPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosin
10、g A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 Boys schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (阳刚) , the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop
11、 without pressure to conform to a stereotype, a US study says.Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the “boy code“ of hiding their emoti
12、ons to be a “real man“.The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for faili
13、ng to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys l
14、earning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the studys author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with specifically “boy-focused“ approaches such as themes an
15、d characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision, learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given “hands-on“ lessons where they are allowed to walk around. “ Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern ge
16、nre(类型) in which violence and sexism are major themes,“ James wrote.Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men should be “masterful and in charge“ in relationships. “In mixed schools, boys feel compelled to act like men before they
17、 understand themselves well enough to know what that means,“ the study reported.21 The author believes that a single-sex school would_.（A）force boys to hide their emotions to be “real man“（B） help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys（C） encourage boys to express their emotions more freely（D
18、）naturally reinforce in boys that traditional image of a man22 It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys_.（A）perform relatively better（B） grow up more healthily（C） behave more responsibly（D）receive a better education23 What does Tony Little say about the British education system?（A）It fail
19、s more boys than girls academically.（B） It focuses more on mixed school education.（C） It fails to give boys the attention they need.（D）It places more pressure on boys than on girls.24 According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is_.（A）teaching can be tailored to suit the
20、characteristics of boys（B） boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted（C） boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in（D）teaching can be designed to promote boys team spirit25 Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James report?（A）They enjoy be
21、ing in charge.（B） They conform to stereotypes.（C） They have sharper vision.（D）They are violent and sexist.25 Whos poor in America? Thats a question hard to answer. Hard because theres no conclusive definition of poverty. Low income matters, though how low is unclear. Poverty is also a state of mind
22、that fosters self-defeating behaviorbad work habits, family breakdowns, and addictions. Finally, poverty results from bad luck: accidents, job losses, disability.Despite povertys messiness, weve measured progress against it by a single statistic; the federal poverty line. By this measure, we havent
23、made much progress. But the apparent lack of progress is misleading for two reasons.First, it ignores immigration. Many immigrants are poor and low-skilled. They add to the poor. From 1989 to 2007, about three quarters of the increase in the poverty population occurred among Hispanics(西班牙裔美国人) mostl
24、y immigrants and their children.Second, the poors material well-being has improved. The official poverty measure obscures this by counting only pre-tax cash income and ignoring other sources of support, including food stamps and housing subsidies. Although many poor live from hand to mouth, theyve p
25、articipated in rising living standards. In 2005, 91% had microwaves, 79% air-conditioning, and 48% cell phones.The existing poverty line could be improved by adding some income sources and subtracting some expenses. Unfortunately, the administrations proposal for a “supplemental poverty measure“ in
26、2011 goes beyond that. The new poverty number would compound public confusion. It also raises questions about whether the statistic is tailored to favor a political agenda.The “supplemental measure“ ties the poverty threshold to what the poorest third of Americans spend on food, housing, clothing, a
27、nd utilities. The actual threshold will probably be higher than todays poverty line. Many Americans would find this curious; people get richer, but “poverty“ stays stuck.What produces this outcome is a different view of poverty. The present concept is an absolute one; the poverty threshold reflects
28、the amount estimated to meet basic needs. By contrast, the new measure embraces a relative notion of poverty; people are automatically poor if theyre a given distance from the top, even if their incomes are increasing.The new indicator is a “propaganda device“ to promote income redistribution by sho
29、wing that poverty is stubborn or increasing. The Census Bureau has estimated statistics similar to the administrations proposal. In 2008, the traditional poverty rate was 13.2% ; estimates of the new statistic range up to 17%. The new poverty statistic exceeds the old, and the gap grows larger over
30、time.As senator Daniel Moynihan said, the administration is defining poverty up. Its reasonable to debate how much we should aid the poor or reduce economic inequality. But the debate should not be swayed by misleading statistics that few Americans could possibly understand. Government statistics sh
31、ould strive for political neutrality. This one fails.26 What is the main idea of the first paragraph?（A）Poverty is very often defined as a state of mind.（B） Poverty is a problem hard to tackle in America.（C） Bad work habits and bad luck lead to poverty.（D）There is no consensus on the concept of pove
32、rty.27 What does the author say about the poor in America?（A）Their living standards have actually improved.（B） Most of them are immigrants and their descendants.（C） Their chances of rising above the poverty line are slim.（D）Most of them rely on government subsidies for survival.28 What does the auth
33、or think of the administrations proposal for a “supplemental poverty measure“ ?（A）It is intended to further help the poor.（B） It is made to serve political purposes.（C） It is a positive response to changed circumstances.（D）It is an attempt to combat the economic recession.29 What is characteristic o
34、f the new measure of poverty?（A）It defines poverty by the gap between the rich and the poor.（B） It raises the threshold for the poor to get welfare benefits.（C） It is more accurate and scientific in terms of statistics.（D）It truly reflects the practical needs of the poor.30 What does the author want
35、 to say by quoting Daniel Moynihan?（A）Economic equality is but an empty dream.（B） Political neutrality can never be achieved.（C） The administrations statistics are biased.（D）The debate over poverty will get nowhere.30 Youve now heard it so many times, you can probably repeat it in your sleep. Presid
36、ent Obama will no doubt make the point publicly when he gets to Beijing: the Chinese need to consume more; they need believe it or not to become more like Americans, for the sake of the global economy.And its all true. But the other side of that equation is that the U.S. needs to save more. For the
37、moment, American households actually are doing so. After the personal-savings rate dipped to zero in 2005, the shock of the economic crisis last year prompted people to snap shut their wallets.In China, the household-savings rate exceeds 20% . It is partly for policy reasons. As weve seen, wage earn
38、ers are expected to care for not only their children but also their aging parents. And there is, to date, only the flimsiest (脆弱的) of publicly-funded health care and pension systems, which increases incentives for individuals to save while they are working. But China is a society that has long estee
39、med personal financial prudence (谨慎) for centuries. There is no chance that will change anytime soon, even if the government creates a better social safety net and successfully encourages greater consumer spending.Why does the U. S. need to learn a little frugality(节俭 ) ? Because healthy savings rat
40、es are one of the surest indicators of a countrys long-term financial health. High savings lead, over time, to increased investment, which in turn generates productivity gains, innovation and job growth. In short, savings are the seed corn of a good economic harvest.The U.S. government thus needs to
41、 act as well. By running constant deficits, it is dis-saving, even as households save more. Peter Orszag, Obamas Budget Director, recently called the U. S. budget deficits unsustainable and hes right. To date, the U. S. has seemed unable to see the consequences of spending so much more than is taken
42、 in. That needs to change. Chinas leaders might gently hint that Beijing is getting a little nervous about the value of the dollar which has fallen 15% since March, in large part because of increasing fears that Americas debt load is becoming unmanageable.Thats what happens when youre the worlds big
43、gest creditor: you get to drop hints like that, which would be enough by themselves to create international economic chaos if they were ever leaked. (Every time any official in Beijing deliberately publicly talks about seeking an alternative to the U. S. dollar for the $2. 1 trillion China holds in
44、reserve, currency traders have a heart attack.) If Americans saved more and spent less, consistently over time, they wouldnt have to worry about all that.31 How did the economic crisis affect Americans?（A）They had to tighten their belts.（B） Their bank savings rate dropped to zero.（C） Their leadershi
45、p in the global economy was shaken.（D）They became concerned about Chinas financial policy.32 What should be done to encourage Chinese people to consume?（A）Changing their traditional way of life.（B） Providing fewer incentives for saving.（C） Improving Chinas social security system.（D）Cutting down the
46、expenses on child-rearing.33 What does the author mean by saying “savings are the seed corn of a good economic harvest“ (Para. 4)?（A）The more one saves, the more returns one will reap.（B） A countrys economy hinges on its savings policy.（C） Those who keep saving will live an easy life in the end.（D）A
47、 healthy savings rate promotes economic prosperity.34 In what circumstances do currency traders become scared?（A）When Beijing allows its currency exchange rates to float.（B） When China starts to reduce its current foreign reserves.（C） When China talks about switching its dollar reserves to other cur
48、rencies.（D）When Beijing mentions in public the huge debts America owes China.35 What is the authors purpose of writing the passage?（A）To urge the American government to cut deficits.（B） To encourage Chinese people to spend more.（C） To tell Americans not to worry about their economy.（D）To promote und
49、erstanding between China and America.35 Were moving into another era, as the toxic(有毒的) effects of the bubble(泡沫) and its grave consequences spread through the financial system. Just a couple of years ago investors dreamed of 20 percent returns forever. Now surveys show that theyre down to a “realistic“ 8 percent to 10 percent range.But what if the next few years turn out to be below normal expectations? Martin Barn
