1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 148 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Its 2:30 pm and Im procrastinating. The project is【C1】_by 5 oclock and I cant seem to find the【C2】_to get it done. This is a commo
2、n problem for everyone. Whether working from home or an office, creating the next big【C3 】_or pushing papers for a corporation, we all procrastinate. The biggest reason youre tired is because of physical or mental【 C4】_. When youre tired you dont have the motivation to work, so you【C5】_procrastinati
3、ng. When your mind is in a foggy【C6】_, it prevents you from thinking straight. A foggy mind can be a headache or information【C7 】_. Whatever the form, its hard to get anything done when your mind isnt working right. Now you have some【C8】_why afternoon procrastination happens. Try these【C9】_to help d
4、eal with it and get more done. 【C10 】_tasks. The most common reason afternoon procrastination hits is because your tasks are not clear. Writing down what you have to do and which tasks are most important can help you【C11】_and get back to work. Take a break. Sometimes its easy not to stop and let you
5、r mind rest. When you choose to intentionally take a break and【C12】_yourself to not focus on anything, it allows you to relax and prepare for the rest of the work day. Exercise at lunch. Often when youre able to get up and move around, your day is always better. When you go for a walk, it allows you
6、r brain to【C13】_the mornings information and think through what you need to do the rest of the day. Exercise also【C14】_the body from sitting in a chair all morning. Be careful not to【C15 】_it, because you want to make sure you have enough【C16 】_for the rest of the work day. Drink water. According to
7、 my doctor, were【C17】_to drink like 8 glasses of water per day. Even if you cant【C18 】_eight glasses of water, you sure can get a glass or two down after lunch. Staying【C19 】_helps keep the mind clear and focused. All too often, afternoon procrastination comes from a foggy head which can be【C20】_wit
8、h a glass of water.1 【C1 】（A）due（B） overtime（C） outdated（D）feasible2 【C2 】（A）guideline（B） amazement（C） motivation（D）alertness3 【C3 】（A）eruption（B） commercial（C） startup（D）deputy4 【C4 】（A）torture（B） fatigue（C） miserable（D）well-being 5 【C5 】（A）put up（B） bring up（C） take up（D）end up 6 【C6 】（A）state（B）
9、dynamic（C） knot（D）form7 【C7 】（A）bloom（B） overload（C） saddle（D）liberty8 【C8 】（A）displays（B） confessions（C） ideas（D）faith9 【C9 】（A）strategies（B） components（C） precautions（D）modes10 【C10 】（A）Maintain（B） Prioritize（C） Maximize（D）Assign11 【C11 】（A）recall（B） reinvest（C） reinforce（D）refocus12 【C12 】（A）allo
10、w（B） inform（C） let（D）prepare13 【C13 】（A）proceed（B） process（C） propose（D）promote14 【C14 】（A）works out（B） gives off（C） pushes up（D）puts on 15 【C15 】（A）overdo（B） sufficient（C） supply（D）add16 【C16 】（A）energy（B） curiosity（C） compassion（D）horizon17 【C17 】（A）obliged（B） deprived（C） supposed（D）exposed18 【C18
11、 】（A）nail down（B） chug down（C） cut down（D）upside down19 【C19 】（A）moist（B） hydrated（C） alert（D）awake20 【C20 】（A）destroyed（B） installed（C） fixed（D）solvePart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 If youve ever pushed bac
12、k your bedtime to watch just one more episode of Orange Is the New Black, or lay in bed wide-eyed after streaming three exhilarating hours of Game of Thrones, this new research probably wont surprise you. A new study in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine is the first to link binge-watching with
13、poorer sleep quality, more fatigue, and increased insomnia. Not only does on-demand TV tempt us to keep watching episode after episode, say the studys authors , but the shows are also designed to draw us in, boost suspense, and emotionally invest in plotlines and characters. This can lead to excitem
14、ent and increased arousal, the research shows, which can translate into “increased cognitive alertness“ and consequently an inability to get the shuteye you need. Interestingly, no relationship was found between sleep problems and regular television watching, during which viewers typically switch fr
15、om one program to another. Co-author Jan Van den Bulck, PhD, professor of communication studies at the University of Michigan, says his study does not prove that binge-watching directly affects sleep quality, but it provides good evidence that the two are linked. There are several ways in which stre
16、aming shows might keep us from scoring slumber, he adds. The study involved 423 young adults, ages 18 to 25, who completed online surveys about how often they watched television, both conventional TV and streaming services. They were also asked how frequently they “ binge-watched“ shows, defined as
17、watching multiple consecutive episodes of the same show in one sitting, on any type of screen. They also answered questions about their sleep quality and how tired (or alert) they felt throughout the day. More than 80% of the participants identified themselves as binge watchers, with 20% of that gro
18、up binge-watching at least a few times a week in the previous month. A little more than half of binge-watchers said they tended to view three to four episodes in one sitting, and the average binge session was just over 3 hours. Men binged less frequently than women, but their viewing sessions were n
19、early twice as long on average. 21 What does binge-watching mean in Paragraph 1?（A）Consuming alcohol while watching TV.（B） Watching poorly made TV programs.（C） Watching TV for an excessive period of time.（D）Downloading TV programs illegally. 22 What could be the harm of “increased cognitive alertnes
20、s“?（A）The shows are designed to attract viewers.（B） On-demand TV leads to more people indulged in TV.（C） People experience extreme excitement and sadness.（D）Some people are unable to fall asleep. 23 What does the study say about the relation between watching TV and sleep?（A）Regular television watchi
21、ng induces insomnia.（B） Binge-watching directly affects sleep quality.（C） Switching from one program to another leads lower sleep quality.（D）Binge-watching is somehow linked with sleep quality. 24 The results of study shows that_.（A）The majority of the participants are binge watchers（B） Women tend t
22、o have more self-control over the frequency of binge-watching（C） Conventional TV attract more binge-watchers than streaming services（D）Young adults tend to have more sleep problems than older people 25 What is this passage mainly about?（A）The methods of avoid binge-watching.（B） The methods of raisin
23、g sleep quality.（C） The relation between binge-watching and sleep.（D）The relation between binge-watching and age groups. 25 Before the global financial crisis, emerging economies like China aspired to “decouple“ themselves from the rich world, hoping that local demand and regional trade would sustai
24、n them even if Western markets faltered. After the crisis, rich economies aspired to couple themselves with China, one of the few sources of growth in a moribund world. Car-makers in Germany, iron-ore miners in Australia and milk-powder makers in New Zealand all benefited enormously from exports to
25、the Middle Kingdom. Every company needed a China story to tell. But as China slows and America gradually recovers, those stories are becoming less compelling. Some of them are turning into cautionary tales. Exposure to China does not always endear a firm to investors, as GlaxoSmithKline, a British p
26、harmaceutical giant embroiled in a corruption scandal in the country, is now discovering. As a rough gauge of multinational exposure to China The Economist in 2010 introdued the “Sinode-pendency index“ (中国依赖指数), a stock market index that weights American multinationals according to their China reven
27、ues. The latest version of the index includes many of the member companies of the S rather, they reward it only when they believe it will contribute to the employees productivity. We should not overlook the fact that there is still a strong correlation between education, occupation , and income. Col
28、lege graduates have a strong advantage over those with less education. But the payoff is neither as large nor as certain as it once was. Unfortunately, Americans have focused so strongly on the economic payoff that many consider their college education useless if it does not yield a desirable, well-
29、paying job. Only in this sense can we speak of an “oversupply“ of college graduates. We could argue that all or at least the majority of Americans would profit by some degree because higher education can enable the individual to think more deeply, explore more widely, and enjoy a greater range of ex
30、periences.31 The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 means that_.（A）Education will pay off in terms of upward mobility（B） People with high education will have immense opportunities（C） Educational institutions provide more graduates than needed（D）Many college graduates fail to meet the job requirement
31、s 32 According to the author, what is the real problem of public education today?（A）People not having received higher education find it difficult to land a job.（B） Poor economy brings far less jobs for college graduates than before.（C） College graduates see a remarkable decline in income.（D）The gove
32、rnment has less budget for building schools. 33 The underlined word “commensurate“ is closest in meaning to_.（A）appropriate（B） respectable（C） adequate（D）advisable34 Greater educational attainment does not necessarily guarantees career advancement because_.（A）educational attainment only represents ac
33、ademic achievement（B） educational attainment means nothing to employers if it doesnt give economic benefits（C） educational attainment has no relation with employees professional skills（D）educational attainment can only be achieved by a small number of students35 What does the author think about coll
34、ege education according to the last paragraph?（A）Americans should focus more on vocational education.（B） College education receive less attention in recent years.（C） College education is useless in getting a desirable job.（D）Most Americans still find college education rewarding. 35 On September 28th
35、 Tim Cook, Apples chief executive, published an open letter apologising to customers for the shortcomings of the companys maps. Mr. Cook even directed users to alternative map apps, writing that they could be downloaded from Apples App Store and that Googles and Nokias maps were available as web app
36、s. Apples mobile maps used to be supplied by its friend-turned-archrival, Google. But this year Apple decided to put maps of its own into iOS 6, rather than be beholden to its foe. The new maps are built into the iPhone, which went on sale on September 21st. The Internet has been teeming with compla
37、ints about a lack of detail and a surfeit of errors. And unlike Googles maps, Apples lack public-transport information. Maps are becoming important strategic terrain. They are more than an aid to getting from A to B. Apps based on locationto summon a taxi, sayneed maps inside them. Digital maps can
38、include countless layers of information, plus advertisements from which money can be made. There are thousands of indoor maps, too, of airports, department stores and so forth. Smart phones also act as sensors, reporting their whereabouts, which can be used to improve maps. According to comScore, a
39、data firm, in August 95% of American iPhone owners and 83% of owners of smart phones with Googles Android operating system used a mobile map. Meanwhile, Apple seems to be relying on three things. The first is speedy improvement. (It is reportedly trying to hire ex-Googlers. ) The second is the embed
40、ding of useful content. Its new maps have spoken turn-by-turn driving directions, which Googles version for the iPhone did not, as well as reviews from Yelp, a local-listings company that offers pretty full coverage of eateries and bars in America but much less elsewhere. The third is the loyalty of
41、 Apples fans. More than 5million iPhone 5s were sold in the first three days. Although some analysts had expected more, that still beat the previous version, the 4S, by 1 million. Under the late Steve Jobs Apple paid fanatical attention to detail, so it is remarkable that its maps should have come u
42、p so short. But polishing its hardware was one thing; the struggle with maps “has been the first really obvious head-butting of the wall,“ says Carolina Milanesi of Gartner, another research firm. In a market in which brands can fall fast, that is a rare luxury.36 The expression “be beholden to its
43、foe“ in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_.（A）hold on to traditional hardware services（B） be manipulated by its competitor（C） lag behind and go bankrupt（D）pay billions of dollars developing new iPhone37 Why does mobile map mean so much for tech companies?（A）It provides guidance for people to get
44、from A to B.（B） It determines the future of the automobile industry.（C） It contains vast information which can be monetized.（D）It has great potential to expand the pool of users. 38 According to the passage, which of the following is not mentioned as one of the things Apple should focus on?（A）Upgrad
45、ing the map as soon as possible.（B） Adding innovative features.（C） Providing free map services for loyal fans.（D）Maintaining strong link with fanatic consumers. 39 Carolina Milanesi implies that_.（A）the move taken by Apple is not wise（B） Apple maps are striving to be so accurate as to be able to sho
46、w the wall of buildings（C） Apple maps is bound to be a success（D）Apple has abandoned the old tradition of paying attention to detail40 Which is the best tide of the passage?（A）Criticism Heaped on Apple: the Growing importance of Cartography（B） Competition heightened between tech giants Google and Ap
47、ple（C） How to design a mobile map App（D）Apple: Embarking on a new journey without Steve JobsPart B (10 points) 40 You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the listAtoGfor each numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do n
48、ot need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)ANever say goodbyeBOpen up channels of communicationCWeigh your optionsDSurprise themECommitmentFMake sacrificesGPlan get-togethersWe all hope that our friendships will be enduring and vibrant. We also hope that despite our difference
49、s in gender, interests and careers, we would stick together through the thick and thin of life. Here are five ways you can save your friendship despite the changes in both your lives:【R1】_You will have to come to the point where you have to decide if this friendship is important enough to make sacrifices, this will be the only way you can commit to the revival and survival of your friendship. You will
