1、考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 6 及答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)0 American Illegal Immigrant Number DescendsIllegal immigration, which has sparked political and social disorder in communities across the nation, is on the
2、 wane, according to an independent report released Thursday. The number of illegal immigrants entering the United States has slowed significantly the past few years, falling below the number of those entering the country legally, according to the report by the Pew Hispanic Center, a Washington think
3、. The report estimates there were 11. 9 million illegal immigrants in the U. S. as of March. That would be a decline of 500, 000 from the centers estimate a year ago. However, the change was not statistically significant because of the margins of error. The Pew study does not address why the decreas
4、e occurred, but other researchers cite the nations struggling economy and stepped up enforcement of immigration laws.“The decline in job prospects in construction, service and other low-skilled jobs are communicated through extended networks of would be movers from Mexico and Latin America,“ said Wi
5、lliam Frey, a demographer at the Brookings Institution, another Washington think tank. “It also may propel more return migration. “Census data released last month showed that overall immigration slowed dramatically in 2007, though the Census Bureau does not distinguish between legal and illegal immi
6、grants.Illegal immigrants are notoriously difficult to count. Many researchers, including the federal government, estimate there are about 12 million illegal immigrants in the U.S.Thats a big increase from the start of the decade, when the Pew Hispanic Center estimated there were about 8.5 million.
7、From 2000 to 2004, about 800,000 illegal immigrants a year entered the U. S. , the Pew port estimates. Since then, the average has dropped to about 500,000 a year.A decade ago, the number of newly arrived illegal immigrants began to outnumber those legally, entering the country, said the report, wri
8、tten by the Pew Hispanic Centers senior demographer, Jeffrey Pas-sel, and senior writer, DVera Cohn. “The reverse now appears to be true,“ the report said. Illegal immigrants make up about 30 percent of all immigrants, according to the report. About four in five come from Latin America, with most co
9、ming from Mexico.Congress has passed several measures designed to increase border enforcement, and the Bush administration has stepped up raids on businesses. Some local communities have also passed ordinances to address the issue. Congress, however, has failed to pass a comprehensive package addres
10、sing illegal immigration, despite several attempts.1 From the first two paragraphs, we can estimate_.（A）illegal immigration has a serious social problem in the U.S.（B） the Pew Hispanic Center could not give the reason for the decline of illegal immigration（C） the statistics of illegal immigration is
11、 not significant（D）the political and social disorder in the U.S. is on the wane2 Whats the reason for the decrease of the number of illegal immigrants?（A）The political and social disorder in the U.S.（B） Americans struggling economy and the increased enforcement of immigration laws.（C） They do not wa
12、nt to do low-skilled jobs.（D）The increased return migration.3 What does the sentence “The reverse now appears to be true“ ( Lines 67, Para. 7) mean?（A）Now the number of newly arrived illegal immigrants outnumbers those legally entering the U.S.（B） Now the number of newly arrived legal immigrants out
13、numbers those illegally entering the U.S.（C） The past statistics are not true.（D）Now there are more illegal immigrants than those legal ones in the U.S.4 Which of the following is true according to this passage?（A）The illegal immigrants always outnumber the legal ones in the U.S.（B） The legal immigr
14、ants always outnumber the illegal ones in the U. S.（C） There are about 8.5 million illegal immigrants in the U. S.（D）Most illegal immigrants come from Latin America.5 From this passage, we can learn that_.（A）there would be no more political and social turmoil in the U. S. without illegal immigrants（
15、B） the Washington government has two think tanks（C） the government is trying to solve the issue of illegal immigration（D）the U.S. Congress does not want to solve the issue of illegal immigration5 The Impact of the Corporeal Punishment Upon Students Sense of PrideDisciplining young children is one of
16、 the key jobs of any parentmost people would have no trouble agreeing with that. But whether or not that discipline should include spanking or other forms of corporal punishment is a far trickier issue.Now researchers at Tulane University provide the strongest evidence yet against the use of spankin
17、g: of the nearly 2,500 youngsters in the study, those who were spanked more frequently at age 3 were more likely to be aggressive by age 5. The research supports earlier work on the pitfalls of corporal punishment, including a study by Duke University researchers that revealed that infants who were
18、spanked at 12 months scored lower on cognitive tests at age 3.Led by Catherine Taylor, the Tulane study was the first to control simultaneously for variables that are most likely to confound the association between spanking and later aggressive behavior. The researchers accounted for factors such as
19、 acts of neglect by the mother, violence or aggression between the parents, maternal stress and depression, the mothers use of alcohol and drugs, and even whether the mother considered abortion while pregnant with the child.Each of these factors contributed to childrens aggressive behavior at age 5,
20、 but they could not explain all of the violent tendencies at that age. Further, the positive connection between spanking and aggression remained strong, even after these factors had been accounted for.“ The odds of a child being more aggressive at age 5 if he had been spanked more than twice in the
21、month before the study began increased by 50% ,“ says Taylor. And because her group also accounted for varying levels of natural aggression in children, the researchers are confident that “ its not just that children who are more aggressive are more likely to be spanked“.What the study, published Mo
22、nday in the journal Pediatrics, shows that outside of the most obvious factors that may influence violent behavior in children, spanking remains a strong predictor. “ This study controls for the most common risk factors that people tend to think of as being associated with aggression,“ says Singer.
23、“This adds more credit, more data and more strength to the argument against using corporal punishment.“Among the mothers who were studied, nearly half (45. 6%) reported no spanking in the previous month, 27. 9% reported spanking once or twice and 26. 5% reported spanking more than twice. Compared wi
24、th children who were not hit, those who were spanked were more likely to be defiant, demand immediate satisfaction of their wants and needs, get frustrated easily, have temper tantrums and lash out physically against others.The reason for that, says Singer, may be that spanking instills fear rather
25、than understanding. Even if a child were to stop his screaming tantrum when spanked, that doesnt mean he understands why he shouldnt be acting up in the first place. Whats more, spanking models aggressive behavior as a solution to problems.6 The research of Tulane University has reinforced that_.（A）
26、the earlier a child get spanking, the severer consequence he gets（B） when a child receives a spanking decides how far he can go in academy（C） spanking has a serious impact on a childs cognitive performance（D）frequent spanking will finally produce an aggressive adolescent7 It can be seen that among a
27、ll of the factors_.（A）spanking plays a strong role in explaining childrens aggressive behavior（B） spanking accounts partly for childrens negative behavior in later age（C） mother plays an important role in deciding whether a child is aggressive（D）mothers spanking has the worst effect on a childs beha
28、vior8 What seems to be the significance of the study according to Singer?（A）Spanking is added to be one of the factors affecting childrens acts.（B） Aggression of children will be given a serious study in later research.（C） Corporal punishment should be forbidden both at home and in school.（D）It adds
29、 credibility to the appeal of stopping punishing children physically.9 What conclusion can be drawn from the mothers who were studied?（A）To children who are spanked often, their mother should be condemned publicly.（B） If receiving no spanking, children can be more obedient, confident and sociable.（C
30、） If receiving frequent spanking, both the mother and the child will be aggressive.（D）About half of the mothers can be entitled as a qualified loving mother. 10 Why do children tend to be violent if they have been spanked often?（A）Because spanking brings only fear, which is the origin of violence.（B
31、） Because spanking fails to build a mutual understanding between parents and children.（C） Because their parents have set them a model of violence being accepted.（D）Because children may take it for granted that violence is a way out for problems.10 Cheats in College Admissions Exams and CounterplansW
32、hat happens to students who cheat on the two college admissions exams, the SAT and the ACT? Not as much as you might think. It isnt particularly easy to cheat on these exams, but that doesnt stop some students from trying. They do it in all the ways you might imagine: Copying off someone elses paper
33、, texting on a cellphone for answers, bringing in cheat sheets, having someone else take the test for them.And some cheat in ways you might not consider. In Korea, a test prep tutor was investigated for allegedly (据宣称) buying scanned copies of sections of the SAT and then e-mailing them, with the an
34、swers, to Koreans in Connecticut who were going to take the test 12 hours later. Another SAT tutor in Korea was arrested for getting students taking the SAT to put test questions into a calculator they were allowed to use, and to hide small blades in their erasers that they used to cut out pages of
35、the test. So, you ask, what happens to students suspected of cheating on the SAT or the ACT?I asked both the College Board, which owns the SAT, and ACT Inc. , to explain what triggers suspicion of cheating and what happens to students found to be cheating. Ed Colby, spokesman for the ACT, said he co
36、uldnt tell me exactly how many investigations are conducted each year for security reasons. Tom Ewing, a spokesman for the Educational Testing Service, which administers the SAT for the College Board, said there are a few thousand questionable test scores each year out of more than 2 million tests.B
37、oth said a review of a students test could be triggered in one of several ways, including an audit that flags scores that have risen dramatically, or by a tip from outside parties, such as a guidance counselor, college admissions officer or NCAA official. Test supervisors also report any irregularit
38、ies that occur on the day of the test. And both organizations have anonymous hotlines which anyone can call with information about breaches in test security.In some cases, handwriting experts will be called in to check whether the handwriting on the written portion matches other work by the person w
39、ho was supposed to take the test. Sometimes, the student is able to answer the questions and the case is closed. Other times, a student is given several options: He/she can retake the SAT or the ACT free of charge. For the ACT, if the new composite score is no more than 3 points lower than the quest
40、ioned score, then the questioned scores are deemed valid, Colby said.11 According to the first paragraph, the SAT and the ACT_.（A）allow the use of cellphones（B） dont stop students from cheating（C） also exist cheating in various forms（D）are two exams for college graduation12 Whats the common point of
41、 the two cheatings in Korea?（A）The paper damage.（B） The usage of scanners.（C） The usage of calculators.（D）The involvement of tutors.13 The word “tip“ in Paragraph 4 probably means_.（A）light touch（B） little trick（C） suggestive revelation（D）small amount of money14 Which of the following is NOT a way t
42、o find out cheating?（A）An audit on the scores.（B） A review of students test.（C） The students hotline confession.（D）The report from test supervisors.15 What happens to the students suspected of cheating?（A）They have to retake the exams for free.（B） They may face a handwriting check.（C） They have to q
43、uit their questioned scores.（D）Their questioned scores will be canceled.15 New Metro Rail CarsMetros next generation of rail cars will be designed to allow several different seating arrangements, rail chief Dave Kubicek told Metro board members today. The board declined to act immediately on purchas
44、e plans after getting its first briefing on the financial arrangements. The transit authority staff is seeking approval to negotiate with Kawasaki to build 64 cars for use on the rail extension toward Dulles, which is under construction, as well as an additional 300 cars to replace the oldest ones i
45、n the fleet.The board members said they needed more time to study a program that could cost the transit authority more than $ 1 billion. But the presentation did reveal some new details about the plan. The new cars will represent a sharp break with the design Metrorail has been using since it began
46、operating in the mid-1970s. The technology, is significantly different and so is the car configuration (配 置). Metro cars have always been designed in sets of two. They can be combined to operate as four-car, six-car or eight-car trains.The new cars will come in sets of four. They could be operated e
47、ither as four-car trains or eight-car trains. (The plan is to operate them as eight-car trains. This long-term purchase program is supposed to lead to an all eight-car train system.) Unlike Metros previous generations of rail cars, the new ones cannot be used in combination with the old ones. They c
48、an run anywhere in the system, Kubicek said, but will not be hooked up to any previous generation of cars.The airports authority, which is responsible for building the new Metrorail line, will pay for the first 64 cars, Kubicek said. The 300 to come after that would replace the 1,000 Series cars, th
49、e original cars in the fleet. They now run only in the middle of trains because they are considered less capable of absorbing the stresses of a crash than the newer cars.Metro and its riders have long debated the seating configuration, and Metro has tested several designs that would decrease the overall number of seats or place more of them along the sides of the cars. The new cars, known as the 7,000 Series, would be built to allow Metro to configure (装配) the seats in different ways, even after the
