1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 828（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled Prospects of Private Cars in China. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 当前私家车在中国很流行； 2. 私家车流行的原因； 3. 存在的问题。二、Part II Reading Co
2、mprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the
3、statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.1 Should Sugar Be Regulated like Alcohol and Tobacco?Sugar poses enough health risks that it should be considered a controlled substance just like alcohol and tobacco, argue a
4、 team of researchers from the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF).In an opinion piece called “The Toxic (毒性的) Truth About Sugar“published Feb. 1 in Nature, Robert Lustig, Laura Schmidt and Claire Brindis argue that its wrong to consider sugar just “ empty calories. “ They write: “ There i
5、s nothing empty about these calories. A growing body of scientific evidence is showing that fructose (果糖) can trigger processes that lead to liver toxicity and a host of other chronic diseases. A little is not a problem, but a lot killsslowly. “Almost everyones heard ofor personally experiencedthe w
6、ell-known sugar high, so perhaps the comparison between sugar and alcohol or tobacco shouldnt come as a surprise. But its doubtful that Americans will look favorably upon regulating their favorite vice. Were a nation thats sweet on sugar: the average US adult downs 22 teaspoons of sugar a day, accor
7、ding to the American Heart Association, and surveys have found that teens swallow 34 teaspoons.To counter our consumption, the authors advocate taxing sugary foods and controlling sales to kids under 17. Already, 17% of US children and teens are obese (肥胖的), and across the world the sugar intake (摄入
8、) has increased three times in the past 50 years. The increase has helped create a global obesity plague that contributes to 35 million annual deaths worldwide from noninfectious diseases including cancer, heart disease and diabetes. Linda Matzigkeit, a senior vice president at Childrens Healthcare,
9、 said “ We have to do something about this or our country is in danger. Its not good if your state has the second-highest obesity rate. Obese children turn into obese adults. “ There are good calories and bad calories, just as there are good fats and bad fats, good amino acids (氨基酸) and bad amino ac
10、ids,“ Lustig, director of the Weight Assessment for Teen and Child Health program at UCSF, said in a statement. “But sugar is toxic beyond its calories. “The food industry tries to imply that “ a calorie is a calorie,“ says Kelly Brownell, director of the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Y
11、ale University. “ But this and other research suggests there is something different about sugar,“ says Brownell.The UCSF report emphasizes the metabolic (新陈代谢的) effects of sugar. Excess sugar can alter metabolism, raise blood pressure, affect the signaling of hormones and damage the liveroutcomes th
12、at sound suspiciously similar to what can happen after a person drinks too much alcohol. Schmidt, co-chair of UCSFs Community Engagement and Health Policy program, noted on CNN: “ When you think about it, this actually makes a lot of sense. Alcohol, after all, is simply made from sugar. Where does v
13、odka come from? Sugar. “But there are also other areas of impact that researchers have investigated: the effect of sugar on the brain and how liquid calories are interpreted differently by the body than solids. Research has suggested that sugar activates the same reward pathways in the brain as trad
14、itional drugs of abuse like morphine or heroin. No one is claiming the effect of sugar is quite that strong, but, says Brownell, “ it helps confirm what people tell you sometimes, that they hunger for sugar and have withdrawal symptoms when they stop eating it. “Theres also something particularly tr
15、icky about sugary drinks. “ When calories come in liquids, the body doesnt feel as full,“ says Brownell. “ People are getting more of their calories than ever before from sugared drinks. “Other countries, including France, Greece and Denmark, impose soda taxes, and the concept is being considered in
16、 at least 20 US cities and states. Last summer, Philadelphia came close to passing a 2-cents-per-ounce soda tax. The Rudd Center has been a strong advocate of a more modest 1 -cent-per-ounce tax. But at least one study, from 2010, has raised doubts that soda taxes would result in significant weight
17、loss: apparently people who are determined to eatand drinkunhealthily will find ways to do it. Teensno surpriseare good at finding ways to get the things they cant have, so state policies banning all sugar-sweetened drinks from public schools and providing only water, milk or 100% fruit juices haven
18、t had the intended effect of steering kids away from drinking sugared drinks: the average teen consumes about 300 calories per daythats nearly 15% of his daily caloriesin sweetened drinks, and the food and drink industry is only too happy to feed this need.Ultimately, regulating sugar will prove par
19、ticularly tricky because it goes beyond health concerns; sugar, for so many people, is love. A plate of cut-up vegetables just doesnt pack the same emotional punch as a tin of home-made chocolate chip cookies (饼干) , which is why I took my daughter out for a cupcake and not an apple as an after-schoo
20、l treat today. We dont do that regularlyits the first time this school year, actuallyand thats what made it special. As a society, could we ever reach the point where wed think applesnot a cupcakeare something to get excited over? Says Brindis, one of the reports authors and director of UCSFs Philip
21、 R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies: “ We recognize that there are cultural and celebratory aspects of sugar. Changing these patterns is very complicated. “For inroads (进展) to be made, say the authors in their statement, people have to be better educated about the hazards of sugar and agree
22、that somethings got to change:Many of the interventions (干预) that have reduced alcohol and tobacco consumption can be models for addressing the sugar problem, such as imposing special sales taxes, controlling access, and tightening licensing requirements on vending machines (自动售货机) and snack-bars th
23、at sell high sugar products in schools and workplaces.“ Were not talking prohibition,“ Schmidt said. “ Were not advocating a major imposition of the government into peoples lives. Were talking about gentle ways to make sugar consumption slightly less convenient, thereby moving people away from the c
24、oncentrated dose. What we want is to actually increase peoples choices by making foods that arent loaded with sugar comparatively easier and cheaper to get. “ 2 Why do some researchers think sugar should be considered “a controlled substance“ ?（A）It contains nothing but empty calories.（B） It is as h
25、armful as morphine and heroin.（C） It works the same way as alcohol and tobacco in the human body.（D）Excessive intake of sugar results in liver toxicity and various diseases, 3 What might be Americans attitude towards government regulation of sugar consumption?（A）Ehusiastic.（B） Indifferent.（C） Disapp
26、roving.（D）Supportive.4 What is a consequence of excessive sugar intake worldwide?（A）It contributes to 35 million noninfectious disease-related deaths a year.（B） It has increased the death toll nearly three times in the past 50 years.（C） It contributes to the rise of prices of sugar and sugary foods.
27、（D）It has increased the global obesity rate to some 17 percent.5 The food industry tries to relieve the public worry about sugar intake by suggesting that_.（A）sugar is no more than a source of energy（B） sugar is not harmful like alcohol or tobacco（C） the hazard of sugar to the body is exaggerated（D）
28、the consumption of sugar is easily controllable6 According to Brownell, liquid sugar_.（A）is especially attractive to young children（B） is much easier and quicker to absorb than solid sugar（C） effectively stimulates peoples appetite（D）increases your calorie intake without your knowing it7 What does t
29、he author think of the practice of imposing sugar taxes?（A）It will harm the food and drink industry.（B） It is unlikely to yield the intended effect.（C） It is likely to alter peoples eating habits.（D）It can steer kids away from sugary foods.8 Regulating sugar will prove tricky because_.（A）people cons
30、ume sugar in large quantities（B） nothing has been found to replace sugar（C） sugar may convey a sense of love（D）many foods will become tasteless9 In order to reduce sugar consumption, education should be conducted to raise peoples awareness of its_.10 To address the sugar problem, the author suggests
31、 that the licensing requirements on vending machines and snack-bars selling high sugar products be_.11 A gentle way to steer people away from sugar is to make inexpensive, low-sugar foods_.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end
32、of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）He
33、 has decided how to spend his money.（B） He wishes he could pay for his daily bills now.（C） He has already saved enough money to travel around Africa.（D）He has decided to save the money to pay his tuition next year.（A）Buy the suit in cash.（B） Buy the suit at no discount.（C） Pay in credit card.（D）Draw
34、 cash from the account.（A）The restaurant has been available since Christmas.（B） She promises there will be a table available at 7:00（C） She is not sure whether there is a table available at that time.（D）Theyd wait to check if there is any table available on Christmas.（A）Rock and roll music is her fa
35、vorite.（B） She does not enjoy classical music.（C） She rarely listens to popular music.（D）She is not interested in rock and roll music.（A）He was absent from the class.（B） The subject is difficult to pass.（C） He didnt work hard in the subject.（D）The professor gives poor lectures.（A）He has his leg brok
36、en.（B） He wants to join the party.（C） He parts with his girlfriend.（D）He gets along well with Cathy.（A）French is easy to learn.（B） The man should give up.（C） The man should continue with his study.（D）The man should talk with his French friends often. （A）The woman should finish her paper first.（B） Th
37、ey should not stop working on the paper.（C） Hed like to postpone working on the paper.（D）It wont take long to finish the paper tomorrow.（A）Shanghai.（B） Beijing.（C） Tianjin.（D）Guangzhou.（A）The technical manager.（B） The sales manager.（C） The laboratory manager.（D）The operation manager.（A）Production ma
38、nager.（B） Lab manager.（C） Sales manager.（D）Quality control manager.（A）From Monday to Friday, 8:305:00.（B） From Monday to Friday, 3:006:30.（C） 6 days a week.（D）15 hours a week.（A）Hairdresser.（B） Shop assistant.（C） Cook.（D）Shorthand typist.（A）Cook.（B） Shorthand typist.（C） Shop assistant（D）None of the
39、above.（A）Contact with the employers directly.（B） Waiting for tomorrows program.（C） Call the Radio Station.（D）Each of the above will be OK.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions
40、 will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）Most children do not really study at the age of five when they enter kindergarten.（B） Most Americans do not start to school at the age of five when they enter kindergar
41、ten.（C） Most Americans attend at kindergarten at the age of five for the whole day except weekends.（D）Most Americans go to elementary school at the age of five.（A）Six years.（B） Eight years.（C） Twelve years.（D）Four years.（A）A computer specialist.（B） A scientist.（C） A television announcer.（D）A teacher
42、.（A）4%.（B） 10%.（C） 14%.（D）25%.（A）The birthrate is on the decrease recently in America.（B） Age is no longer an indication of ones marriage.（C） The society demands more and more nowadays.（D）The aging of population causes many social problems.（A）People dont have to act their age.（B） People should have
43、their own judgments.（C） One is never too old too learn.（D）People must respect the old and cherish the young. Passage Three（A）He could be fired.（B） He could be put to death.（C） He could be put in jail.（D）He could be driven out of his village.（A）Far away from the Queen.（B） In front of the King.（C） In
44、front of the important officer.（D）In the middle of the table.（A）Along a railway.（B） Along a big river.（C） Around the palace.（D）Along an important road.（A）Salt.（B） A horse.（C） Rice.（D）Ten sheep.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the
45、 first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information.
46、For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Elderly people respond best to a calm and unhurried environment. This is not always easy to【B1 】_as their behavior can sometimes be annoying. If they get excited or【B2 】_then they may become more confused a
47、nd more difficult to look after. Although sometimes it can be【B3】_difficult, it is best to be【B4】_and not to get upset yourself. You should always【B5】_old people to do as much as possible for themselves but be ready to lend a helping hand when【B6 】_.【B7】 _memory makes it difficult for the person to
48、recall all the basic kinds of in formation we take for granted. The obvious way to help in this situation is to supply the information that is missing and help them make【B8】_of what is going on.【B9 】_When the elderly person makes confused statements, for example, about going out to his or her old em
49、ployment or visiting a dead relative, correct them a calm matter-of-fact fashion, “You dont work in the office any more. You are retired now. Will you come and help me with the dishes?“We rely heavily on the information provided by signposts, clocks, calendars and news papers.【B10】_.【 B11】_37 【B1 】38 【B2 】39 【B3 】40 【B4 】41 【B5 】42 【B6 】43 【B7 】44 【B8 】45 【B9 】46 【B10 】47 【B11 】Section ADirections: In this section, ther
