1、2013 年浙江专升本（英语）真题试卷及答案与解析0 A quality education is the ultimate liberator. It can free people form poverty, giving them the power to greatly improve their lives and take a productive place in society. It can also free communities and countries, allowing them to leap forward into periods of wealth and
2、 social unity that otherwise would not be possible. For this reason, the international community has committed itself to getting all the worlds children into primary school by 2015, a commitment known as Education for All.Can Education for All be achieved by 2015? The answer is definitely“yes“ , alt
3、hough it is a difficult task. If we now measure the goal in terms of children successfully completing a minimum of five years of primary school, instead of just enrolling for classes, which used to be the measuring stick for education, the challenge will become even more difficult. Only 32 countries
4、 were formerly believed to be at risk of not achieving education for all on the basis of enrollment rates. The number rises to 88 if completion rates are used as the standard. Still, the goal is achievable with the right policies and the right support from the international community. 59 of the 88 c
5、ountries at risk can reach universal primary completion by 2015 if they bring the efficiency and quality of their education systems into line with standards observed in higher-performing systems. They also need significant increases in external(外部的)financing and technical support. The 29 countries l
6、agging(落后)farthest behind will not reach the goal without unprecedented(空前的)rates of progress. But this is attainable with creative solutions, including the use of information technologies, flexible and targeted foreign aid, and fewer people living in poverty.A key lesson of experience about what ma
7、kes development effective is that a countrys capacity to use aid well depends heavily on its policies, institutions and management. Where a country scores well on these standards, foreign assistance can be highly effective.1 It can be inferred from the passage that a quality education has the functi
8、on of_.（A）helping a country free from foreign rule（B） making people become wealthy（C） giving people more power and freedom（D）speeding up the progress of society2 The goal of Education for All is_.（A）to get all the children in the world to go to primary school by 2015（B） to let poor children have the
9、 same chances to go to school as rich ones（C） to supportthose countries determined to reform their education systems（D）to help the poor countries improve productivity and achieve unity3 What used to be the standard of measuring a country s education?（A）The rate of pupils being admitted by high schoo
10、l.（B） The percentage of children enrolling for classes.（C） The rate of school children who successfully passed the required courses.（D）The percentage of children who successfully completed primary school.4 Which of the following will help achieve the goal of Education for All?（A）Setting up more prim
11、ary schools in poor regions.（B） Establishing higher-performing education systems.（C） Taking advantage of information technologies.（D）Significantly increasing the national financing. 5 The efficiency of using foreign aid is mostly determined by_.（A）the governments policies and management（B） the count
12、ry s wealth and economy（C） people s awareness of developing education（D）students performance in school exams5 This thanksgiving, many families are closer than theyve been in years. An increasing number of extended families across the USA are under the same roof living together. These arrangements ar
13、e multigenerational, with adult children, grandchildren or an elderly parent sharing quarters. The reasons are economic and social.“This is a pattern that will continue,“ predicts Neil Howe, a historian and economist. “ High rates of multigenerational family living had been a norm until after World
14、War II, when the emphasis shifted to the nuclear family enabled by construction of interstate highways, the rise of suburbs and the affluence(富裕)of young adults. But by the late 1950s and 1970s, there was a generation gap and almost generation war ,“ Howe says. “There was a time in the 1970s when no
15、 one wanted to live together. Seniors were moving to Leisure World to get away from the culture of the kids. Couples were divorcing and youngsters wanted to strike out on their own. But now, many young adults do return home, at least temporarily . “Michele Beatty, 54, of Waynesville, Ohio, and her h
16、usband, Cordon, 56, had an empty nest between the time the youngest of their three sons went to college and the return of their oldest, Patrick, who left his job as a graphic designer.“ They said, you can come home to your old room and continue to look for employment, “says Patrick Beatty, 28. “I wa
17、s stuck there. We were all brought up with the cultural expectation that once you leave the nest, you are not supposed to return. I feel part of the time like a burden,“ he says. “ I try to contribute to the house when I can. I try to stay out of their way as much as possible. It s home , but not th
18、e home Id be building for myself if I had my way .“A survey of 2, 226 adults, done by Narris Interactive for the non-profit Generations United, found that of those in a multigenerational home, 40% reported that job loss, changes in job status or unemployment was a reason for the living arrangement.6
19、 Which of the following arrangements is multigenerational in the USA?（A）Nuclear families.（B） Extended families.（C） Single parent families.（D）Families of seniors.7 In the USA, multigenerational home is regarded as a norm_.（A）between 1950s and 1970s（B） before World War II（C） ever since 1950s（D）until l
20、ate 1970s8 According to the writer, families are closer than before because_.（A）interstate highways make going home easier（B） relatives tend to live close by in the suburbs（C） more people return home for holidays（D）family members now live together9 What do the underlined words “strike out on their o
21、wn“ in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?（A）Develop a new relationship with their employers.（B） Get away from the culture of the kids.（C） Start to live an independent life.（D）Build their own houses10 How does Patrick Beatty feel about living with his parents?（A）Excited（B） Helpless（C） Regretful（D）Satisf
22、ied10 Researchers at the University of Marylands School of Nursing found that 55 percent of the 2, 103 female nurses they surveyed were obese(肥胖的), citing job stress and the effect on sleep of long , irregular work hours as the cause.The study, which measured obesity using estimates of body mass ind
23、ex(体质指数), found that nursing schedules affected not only the health of the nurses but the quality of patient care .“Health care professionals are often involved in providing advice or care to patients that relates to things that arent totally under control in their own lives. Its not uniform for hea
24、lth care professionals to eat well or avoid tobacco,“ said Dr. David Katz, the director of the Yale University Prevention Research Center.Keith-Thomas Ayoob, associate professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, said nurses are just as susceptible to health problems as the rest of society.
25、“Before we were health professionals, we were real people. Just because we became health professionals doesnt mean we stopped being members of regular society with all the problems that go along with it. It illustrates that knowledge alone isnt always enough to produce behavioral changes,“ said Ayoo
26、b.The same is true with smoking, Ayoob said.“We all know smoking is bad. It doesnt matter if youre a doctor or a nurse or a plumber. You might assume that your interest in health would be higher if you were a health professional, but a lot of doctors and nurses smoke,“ said Ayoob.“ Nurses need to un
27、derstand the importance of taking care of themselves before patients or their families,“ Ayoob said.To combat the high obesity rate among nurses, Kihye Han, the author of the study, proposed more education on good sleep habits, and better strategies for adapting work schedules. She also called for n
28、apping at work to relieve sleep deprivation(睡眠不足), reduce fatigue and increase energy.11 One of the causes of the high obesity rate among nurses is_.（A）heavy smoking（B） nursing schedules（C） less education（D）unhealthy food12 By saying“ Its not uniform for health care professionals to eat well or avoi
29、d tobacco“ , Dr. David Katz wants to tell us_.（A）health care professionals eat well（B） doctors and nurses usually dont smoke（C） health care professionals wear different uniforms（D）doctors and nurses dont necessarily have healthy behaviors.13 The underlined words“ susceptible to“ in Paragraph 4 proba
30、bly mean_.（A）easily influenced by（B） closely connected with（C） highly sensitive to（D）very doubtful about14 It can be inferred from the passage that_.（A）nurses need more professional training（B） nurses need some help to control weight（C） doctors dont have obesity problems（D）doctors often give useless
31、 advice15 What might be helpful to solve the problem of high obesity among nurses?（A）More sleep（B） Tighter schedule（C） Higher income（D）More exercise15 A new study shows an astonishing number of people are using their cellphones on the john(盥洗室 ). From web browsing and texting to conference calls and
32、 online shopping, it seems this technology-driven world leaves no time for bathroom breaks.11 mark, an integrated marketing agency, surveyed 1 ,000 American mobile users in October. Seventy-five percent of them admitted they used their phones while on the toilet leaving no mystery as to what happens
33、 behind closed stalls.And this doesnt just account for the technology-addicted youth. Forty-seven percent of mobile users from the Silent Generation(born 1946 or before), 65 percent of Baby Boomers(19461964)and 80 percent of Gen X-ers(19651976)use their cell phones in the bathroom.But as expected, G
34、eneration Y has the highest percentage of multitaskers, using their phones and the john at the same time.Did the same percentage of Gen Y wash their hands afterward? Ninety-two percent of those surveyed reported they washed their hands after using the restroom(perhaps all those “You must wash your h
35、ands before returning to work“ signs have started to pay off).But unfortunately the same cannot be said for their mobile devicesonly 14 percent wash theirphones after using the bathroom. Maybe this calls for a new-age health initiative, requiring public restaurants to change their signs to “ You mus
36、t wash your handsand your phonebefore returning to work. “And for many, toilet talking and texting was not a just one-time thing, used only in the most dire(急迫的 )circumstances. Twenty-four percent of mobile users reported they actually don t go to the bathroom without their phones.In a world where y
37、ou can t even have a moment of solitude(独处)on the toilet, one is forced to wonder, isnt anything sacred anymore?16 The passage is mainly about_.（A）a survey on how people use their mobile phones（B） the different ages and percentages of mobile users（C） whether people wash their hands and phones after
38、using the bathroom（D）how technology-driven world influences bathroom breaks17 We can learn from the passage that what happens in the bathroom used to be regarded as_.（A）funny（B） enjoyable（C） ridiculous（D）Mysterious18 It can be inferred from the passage that_.（A）the older people are more addicted to
39、technology（B） the younger people are better multitaskers（C） technology has the same influence on different people（D）technology has a destructive power19 The underlined words“ pay off“ in Paragraph 5 probably means_.（A）deserve nothing（B） cost much（C） influence people（D）go unnoticed20 What is the tone
40、 of this passage?（A）ironic（B） humorous（C） optimistic（D）Doubtful20 Lifestyle is the waya person lives; it includes work, leisure time, hobbies, other interests, and personal philosophy. One persons lifestyle may be dominated by work with few social activities. Anothers may involve hobbies, recreation
41、al activities or personal philosophy.There is little doubt that lifestyles are changing and that these changes will have an impact on the way business operates in the years ahead. Several cases are causing lifestyle changes in somedeveloped countries.First, there is more leisure time than ever befor
42、e. The workweek is now less than forty hours, as compared with seventy hours a century ago. Some experts believe it will be twenty-five hours or less in a few decades. Several firms have adopted four-day workweeks with more hours per day. Others have cut down on the number of working hours each week
43、. Reduced work schedules mean increased leisure time.Second, families have fewer children than beforeand young couples are postponing childbirth instead of having children early in the marriage. This trend has forced many businesses to modify their competitive strategies. Gerber Products Company use
44、d to advertise “ babies are our business-our only business“. Now Gerber products include infant and toddler clothing, stuffed animals and accessories such as bottles, baby powder and so on.Third, people are better educated and more prosperous now than they were earlier. Theseadvantages bring with th
45、em the freedom to question current lifestyles and examine new ones. Inquiries of this nature have sometimes led to personal lifestyle changes. Todays youth, for example, are not only better educated but more independent and individualistic(我行我素的)than past generations.The business world is only begin
46、ning to realize how peoples lifestyles can influence their behavior as employees, consumers and members of society.21 How many hours did people work a century ago according to the passage?22 Why have some businesses dealing with baby items changed their promotion strategies?23 Why are the people in
47、some developed countries more critical about their lifestyles?24 What does the writer say about todays young people?25 Why is it important for the business world to realize the changes in peoples lifestyles?25 This year the worlds population ticked over to 7 billion.【R1 】_They forecast dramatic chan
48、ges unless significant steps are taken to control population growth. Here are some challenges a population of 7 billion must confront.Water is probably going to be the first real threat that we bump into. Access to fresh water becomes incredibly difficult. Were seeing the impacts of overuse of water
49、 resources and that sort of pressure mounts as the world population increases.) 【R2】 _ What were putting into the atmosphere is going to lead to changes that havent been seen in millions of years. As the whole world warms up, a lot of places become very unpleasant to live in.【R3】_We have to find less polluting sources of energy and be much more careful in the way that we make use of the remaining non-renewable fuels weve got. If we continue to tap the re
