1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 118 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on t
2、he Answer Sheet.0 The number of speakers of English in Shakespeares time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealan
3、d. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language, as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms. It is virtually impossible to estimate the number of people in th
4、e world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for which English is learned and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to define and still more difficult to assess what constitutes an ad
5、equate working knowledge for each situation.The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides serving the infinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of the important works in science, technology, and other
6、 fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the dissemination of information over the radio and television networks of many nations.It is a language of wider communicat
7、ion for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for
8、access to the scientific and technological developments in the West. 1 What would be an appropriate title for this selection?（A）The Difficulties of Learning English.（B） Internal Communications.（C） The Standard Varieties of English.（D）English as a World Language. 2 Which of the following statements i
9、s NOT TRUE?（A）Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English.（B） There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world.（C） It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English.（D）People learn English f
10、or a variety of reasons.3 According to this article, what is one main reason for the widespread use of English?（A）It was popular during Shakespeares time.（B） It is used in former British Colonies.（C） It serves the needs of its native speakers.（D）It is a world language that is used for international
11、communication.4 What constitutes an adequate working knowledge of English?（A）The ability to read a newspaper.（B） It is difficult to assess because it differs for each situation.（C） Being multi-lingual.（D）Being a native speaker.5 What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English?（
12、A）Those geographically close to the United States.（B） Those interested in the culture of the United States.（C） Countries where international conferences are held.（D）Former colonies of Great Britain.5 American society is not nap(午睡)-friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the Univ
13、ersity of Pennsylvanian School of Medicine, “Theres even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep. “ Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb： “Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven. “Wrong. The way not to fall asl
14、eep at work is to take naps when you need them. “We have to totally change our attitude toward napping,“ says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research.Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt“ which one member said was as impo
15、rtant as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, President Clinton is trying to take a half-hour s
16、nooze (打瞌睡) every afternoon.About 60% of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have “a mid-afternoon quiet phase“ also called “a secondary sleep date.“ Sleeping 15 minutes to 2 hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap.We
17、Superstar of Snooze dont nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we “snack“ on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums.6 It is common
18、ly accepted in American society that too much sleep is_.（A）unreasonable（B） criminal（C） harmful（D）costly7 The research done by the Dement Commission shows that Americans_.（A）dont like to naps（B） are terribly worried about their national debt（C） sleep less than is good for them（D）have caused many indu
19、strial and traffic accidents8 The purpose of this article is to_.（A）warn us of the wickedness of napping（B） explain the danger of sleepiness（C） discuss the side effects of napping（D）convince the reader of the necessity of napping9 The “American sleep debt“ (Line 1, Para. 3) is the result of _.（A）the
20、 traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep（B） the new sleep policy of Clinton Administration（C） the rapid development of American industry（D）the Americans worry about the danger of sleepiness10 The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is_.（A）preferable to have a soun
21、d sleep before a night shift（B） good practice to eat something light before we go to bed（C） essential to make up for lost sleep（D）natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it10 I am not sure that I can draw an exact line between wit and humor (perhaps the distinction is so subtle that only
22、 those persons can decide who have long white beards), but even an ignorant person may express an opinion in this matter.I am quite positive that humor is the more comfortable and livable quality. Humorous persons, if their gift is genuine and not a mere shine upon the surface, are always agreeable
23、companions. They have pleasant mouths turned up at the comers, to which the great master of Marionettes has fixed the strings and he holds them in his nimblest fingers to twitch them at the slightest jest (笑话). But the mouth of a merely witty man is hard and sour until the moment of its discharge. N
24、or is the flash from a witty man always comforting, but a humorous man radiates a general pleasure. I admire wit, but I have no real liking for it; it has been too often employed against me, whereas humor is always an ally; it never points an impertinent (不礼貌的) finger into my defects. A wits tongue,
25、 however, is as sharp as a donkey s stickI may gallop the faster for its prodding (刺戳) , but the touch behind is too persuasive for any comfort.Wit is a lean creature with a sharp inquiring nose, whereas humor has a kindly eye and a comfortable girth. Wit has a better voice in a solo, but humor come
26、s into the chorus best.Wit keeps the seasons fashions and is precise in the phrases and judgments of the day, but humor is concerned with homely eternal things.11 The authors attitude toward wit can most accurately be described as_.（A）cautious admiration（B） wholehearted amusement（C） tolerant disappr
27、oval（D）aversion12 The author dislikes wit because it_.（A）can be employed against him（B） is superficial（C） follows the judgments of the day（D）is too brief13 “A wits tongue is like a donkey s stick“ in that both_.（A）consider their victims feelings（B） are gently persuasive（C） goad their victims（D）are u
28、sed with definite purpose14 The author probably intended this selection on wit and humor to_.（A）permanently eliminate the confusion of them（B） express his personal opinion of them（C） reveal their similarities（D）deprecate the quality of wit15 Implied but not stated: _.（A）Humor is always genuine（B） Hu
29、morous persons have pleasant faces（C） Wit is more nimble than humor（D）Humor comes by more naturally than wit15 The world is undergoing a great transition marked by uncertainty and complexity which we do not yet understand.This poses (提出) a challenge to young people all over the world, for in about 1
30、5 years time youth will play a fundamental role as never before in the history of the world. Young people will make up over half the population in developing countriesthe so-called countries of the South. In the North they will have the heavy responsibility of providing for societies in which elderl
31、y people will generally be in the majority. It is probably not by chance that young people in different parts of the world today represent a movement of challenge and pressure which is shaking government and attempting to impose new values in a universe which they perceive as inhospitable (冷淡的) or e
32、ven hostile.We have come a long way from the early 20th century concept of perpetual 3% annual growth, which fitted so well with the Newtonian vision of the worlda vision resting on the idea of a perfect giant clockwork mechanism. The dramatic nature of today s crisis is based on our difficulty in u
33、nderstandingon a lack of intelligibility (可理解性). For in evolutions constant march towards complexity we have just crossed a threshold. Beyond this threshold, everything is different; everything invites us to look anew (重新). But we are prisoners of images which still inhabit our minds because they br
34、ought us so much intellectual comfort in understanding our world as it used to be. Prigonine takes us over the threshold and forces us to enter into the new dialogue which is necessary. It is useful to try to transfer this new vision into the spheres of management, business, national sovereignty, an
35、d international organization. In this way we may perhaps make progress in governing that which, on first analysis we may judge to be ungovernable.16 The characteristic of the present age of the world is_.（A）transition（B） challenge（C） uncertainty（D）uncertainty and complexity17 Which of the following
36、are not the facts that pose a challenge to young people?（A）Youth will play a fundamental role as never before in the history of the world in about 15 years time.（B） The world is considered as inhospitable or even hostile.（C） In the North, youth will have the responsibility of providing for societies
37、 in which elderly people will generally be in the majority.（D）Young people will make up over half of the population in developing countries.18 The young people who represent a movement of challenge and pressure may have an influence on_.（A）governments decisions and ideas or concept about the world（B
38、） population growth（C） people of all the ages（D）international organizations19 Sometimes we feel difficult to deal with todays crisis because_.（A）we are accustomed to dealing with the new things with the ways we used to（B） we are intelligible（C） we are prisoners of images（D）we have just crossed a thr
39、eshold20 It is _that we may make progress in governing that which, on first analysis we may judge to be ungovernable.（A）over the threshold and entering the new “dialogue“（B） by transferring this new vision into the spheres of management, business etc.（C） by making a challenge to the world（D）undergoi
40、ng a great transition20 Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit (学分) which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting
41、 for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spr
42、ead the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and
43、 the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The ef
44、fective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does inv
45、olve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.21 Normally a student would at least attend _classes each week.（A）36（B） 12（C） 20（D）1522 According to the first paragraph an American st
46、udent is allowed_.（A）to live in a different university（B） to take a particular course in a different university（C） to live at home and drive to classes（D）to get two degrees from two different universities23 American university students are usually under pressure of work because_.（A）their academic pe
47、rformance will affect their future careers（B） they are heavily involved in student affairs（C） they have to observe university discipline（D）they want to run for positions of authority24 Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because_.（A）they hate the constant p
48、ressure and strain of their study（B） they will then be able to stay longer in the university（C） such positions help them get better jobs（D）such positions are usually well paid25 The student organizations seem to be effective in_.（A）dealing with the academic affairs of the university（B） ensuring that
49、 the students observe university regulations（C） evaluating students performance by bringing them before a court（D）keeping up the students enthusiasm for social activities专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 118 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on
