1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 44 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 There is no doubt that adults, and even highly educated adults, vary greatly in the speed and efficiency of their reading. Some proceed very slowly throughout; others dash along too quickly and then have to regress. Poor readers in particular may lack the ability to vary their manne
3、r of reading according to the type of reading matter and to their intentions in reading it. A good reader can move at great speed through the text of a novel or similar light reading matter. He may be able to skim a page, picking up a word or two here and there, and gain a general idea of what the t
4、ext is about without really reading it. In reading more difficult material, with the intention of taking in the whole of it, he will proceed more slowly, but even then he will vary his pace, concentrating on the key words and passages, perhaps re-reading them several times and pass more quickly over
5、 the remainder. A less efficient reader tends to maintain the same speed whatever the material he reads. Consequently , even light reading matter gives him little pleasure because he reads so slowly. But this pace may be too fast for really difficult material, which requires special concentration at
6、 difficult points.A type of reading which necessitates careful attention to detail is proof-reading, in which the reader, in order to detect misprints in a sample print, has to notice not so much the meaning of what he reads as the exact shape and order of letters and words in the text. This is extr
7、emely difficult for most people, since they are accustomed to overlooking such details. In fact, considerable practice is required to practise this task efficiently and it can be done only be reading very slowly, and by paying comparatively little attention to the general meaning of the text.1 The a
8、uthor claims that there is a difference in reading speed_.（A）among readers who have different experience（B） among all the readers（C） between the poorly educated and the highly educated（D）among the highly educated people2 A good reader is a reader who_.（A）concentrates on the wonderful part of the art
9、icle（B） always reads slowly and carefully（C） changes his speed according to the kind of text（D）changes his speed according to the interesting of the text3 The author says that when reading a novel, a good reader can quickly read_.（A）every part of the book（B） the most wonderful part in the book（C） th
10、e major part in the book（D）the scientific part of the book4 The last two sentences of the first paragraph mean that_.（A）a reading speed too slow for a difficult book is just right for a non-serious one（B） a reading speed too slow for a non-serious book may be too fast for a difficult one（C） a readin
11、g speed too fast for difficult material is just right for a non-serious book is also too slow for a difficult one（D）a reading speed too slow for a non-serious book is also too slow for a difficult one5 Which of the following can be the title of the passage?（A）Reading and listening.（B） Difference bet
12、ween highly educated and poorly educated.（C） Practice reading skill.（D）Difference in the speed and efficiency of reading.5 Central Park, emerging from a period of abuse and neglect , remains one of the most popular attractions in New York City, with half a million out-of-towners among the more than
13、3 million people who visit the park yearly. About 15 million individual visits are made each year.Summer is the season for Softball , concerts, and Shakespeare; fall is stunning ; winter is wonderful for sledding, skating, and skiing; and spring-time is the loveliest of all. It was all planned that
14、way.About 130 years ago Frederic Law Olmsted and his collaborator Calvert Vaux submitted their landscaping plan for rectangular parcel two miles north of the town s center. The barren swampy tract , home for squatters and a bone-boiling works that made glue, was reported as “ a pestilential spot whe
15、re miasmic odors taint every breath of air“. It took 16 years for workers with pickaxes and shovels to move 5 million cubic feet of earth and rock, and to plant half a million trees and shrubs , making a tribute to naturea romantic nineteenth-century perception of nature.What exists today is essenti
16、ally Olmsted and Vaux s plan, with more trees, buildings, and asphalt. Landscape architects still speak reverently of Olmsted s genius and foresight, and the sensitive visitor can see the effects he sought.6 With what subject is the passage mainly concerned?（A）The lives of Olmsted and Vaux.（B） New Y
17、ork Citys tourist industry.（C） Examples of nineteenth-century art in New York City.（D）The development of Central Park.7 According to the passage, which is the prettiest time of year in Central Park?（A）Winter.（B） Spring.（C） Summer.（D）Fall.8 It can be inferred that the “rectangular parcel“ mentioned i
18、n Para. 3 is_.（A）the site of Central Park（B） the gift presented to New York（C） a skyscraper in New York（D）the proposed design for Central Park9 According to the passage, before Olmsted and Vaux began their work, the area now occupied by Central Park was_.（A）a romantic place（B） an infertile, marshy s
19、pace（C） a green and hilly park（D）a baseball field10 It can be inferred from the passage that today s landscape architects praise Olmsted for his_.（A）enthusiasm for sport（B） skill at designing factories（C） concern for New York s homeless people（D）foresight in anticipating New York s urbanization10 Ma
20、ny mammals live through the winter by hibernating(冬眠). There is a nice problem of definition here. Most experts now agree that a mammal can be said to hibernate only if body temperature drops greatly and its whole metabolismincluding respiration and heart rateis much reduced. This is the case with a
21、nimals like the woodchucks, hamsters , and hedgehogs , which hibernate in their burrows , and bats, which gather in caves. Bears, however, are not classed as hibernators. They pass most of the winter sleeping, but their body temperature drops only a few degrees, and they can become active without go
22、ing through a slow process of warming up. Bears, relying on fat reserves to keep them going, even produce their young during this period.Mammals are warm-blooded, that is, they have a means of keeping the temperature of their bodies quite constant despite the normal temperature changes of the outsid
23、e world. Cold-blooded animals, fish, reptiles, insects, amphibians, also have a certain amount of control over their body temperature. They can warm up, if they are too cold, by sunning themselves, or cool off by getting into the shade. But it is hard for cold-blooded animals to keep warm in the win
24、ter. For any animal to be active, its body temperature must be above freezing. This is because the chemistry of life depends on water in a liquid state. If the body actually freezes, the whole system is disrupted and the animal dies. So cold-blooded animals in the north must either find some place t
25、o spend the winter where temperatures do not reach the freezing points, or develop a special resting stage in which the water content of the protoplasm(原生质)is much reduced. This will make its freezing point much lower than usual. Thus animals about to hibernate often dig down into the soil.11 Most e
26、xperts agree that true hibernation involves_.（A）sleeping through the winter（B） reduced heart rate and temperature（C） decrease in water content of the body（D）spending the winter in burrows or caves12 Bears can pass most of the winter sleeping because they_.（A）are hibernators（B） have a low body temper
27、ature（C） have a sufficient reserve of fat（D）have a slow process of warming up13 Cold-blooded animals are so called because they_.（A）can not keep their body temperature constant（B） can not warm up their body temperature in the winter（C） can cool themselves off by getting into a shade（D）are not active
28、 in the winter14 It is implied that the body temperature of a cold-blooded animal_.（A）is lower than that of a warm-blooded animal（B） is always very cold（C） stays at a fairly constant level（D）changes in response to air temperature15 The reduction of the water content of an animal s body protoplasm wi
29、ll enable the animal_.（A）to reduce its body temperature（B） to survive the freezing temperature in the winter（C） to dig down deep into the soil（D）to stay completely motionless15 Real policemen, both in Britain and in the United States, hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what the
30、y see about themselves on TV.The first difference is that a policeman s real life revolves round the law. Most of his training is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional
31、lawyer.Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal. As soon as he is arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks wherefailure to produce results will affect the reputation of t
32、he policelittle effort is spent on searching. The police have an elaborate machinery which eventually shows up most wanted men. Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of evidence. He will spend most of h
33、is working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of people who act guilty of crimes.A third big difference between the drama detective and the real one is the unpleasant moral twilight in which the real one lives. Detectives are subject to two opposing pressures; first a
34、s members of a police force they always have to behave with absolute legality ; secondly, as expensive public servants they have to get results. They can hardly ever do both. Most of the time some of them have to break the rules in small ways.16 It is essential for a policeman to be trained in crimi
35、nal law so that he can_.（A）arrest criminals in the street（B） justify his arrests in court（C） know as much law as a professional lawyer（D）justify himself on TV17 Only when very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks occur, will the police_.（A）show up their elaborate machinery（B） fail to pro
36、duce results（C） spend a lot of effort in finding the criminals（D）pay attention to their reputation18 “Most wanted men“ in the third paragraph refers to_.（A）the most dangerous criminals（B） most of the witnesses wanted（C） the majority of those the police are searching for（D）the men the police are most
37、 interested in arresting19 The real detective lives in an unpleasant moral twilight because he_.（A）is an expensive public servant（B） often feels rather depressed（C） is obliged to break the law in order to preserve it（D）must always behave with absolute legality20 Which of the following statements is
38、true according to this passage?（A）In real life, finding criminals is one of the policemen s greatest problems.（B） The detective s work is over once the arrest has been done.（C） The policeman spends a great deal of time finding evidence to support his arrests.（D）The policeman devotes most of his work
39、ing life to searching for criminals.专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 44 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blacke
40、ning the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据文章前几句可知本文针对的对象应该是所有的 readers(读者)，无论其有无经验。因此正确答案为 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 从第一段中间部分对优秀读者的描写可知，出色的读者可根据不同的阅读材料并以不同的阅读速度对其进行阅读。故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从第一段中：“a novel or similarlight reading matter He may be ab
41、le to skim apage， picking up a word or two here and there”可推知，优秀读者在阅读小说类消遣读物时，常常是抓住精彩的部分进行阅读。故选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 第一段最后两句意思是：阅读消遣类小说即使阅读速度慢也不会给你带来多大乐趣；而以这种速度去读较有难度且需认真思考的文章，速度就太快了。因此 B 符合句意，为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 纵观全文可知，作者主要讨论了阅读速度及效率的问题。因此正确答案为 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案
42、】 D【试题解析】 本文主要记述了中央公园的设计、建造和发展过程，D 符合题意为正确答案。A 是 Olmsted 和 Vaux 的生平；B 是纽约市的旅游业；C 是纽约市十九世纪艺术的典范。【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从文章第二段：“and spring time isthe loveliest of all”可知，春天是中央公园一年中最美好的时候。故选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解8 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 第三段首句：“submitted theirlandscaping plan for rectangular parcel two milesnorth
43、of the towns center”可知， rectangularparcel 位于市中心以北两英里处，这里是他们设计建造中央公园的地点。因此说 rectangularparcel 就是中央公园的位置所在。因此正确答案为 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据第三段中：“The barren swampytractasa pestilential spot where miasmic odorstaint every breath of air”可知，这是一片荒凉潮湿的地带，一些人在那里擅自搭建房屋，还有一家用动物骨头熬制胶水的工厂。据当时的报道，那片区域是一个瘟
44、疫肆虐、空气腐臭的地带。因此可以判断，那里以前是一个贫瘠、潮湿而又肮脏的地方。故选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解10 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从文章最后一段中：“Landscapearchitects still speak reverently of Olmsted sgenius and foresight”可知，环境美化专家们至今还满怀敬意地谈起Olmsted 的天才和预见能力，现在的纽约已不是 130 年前的纽约了，而中央公园历经百年直到今日还吸引着大批的游客。这说明 Olmsted 对纽约的未来发展有着极为准确而深远的预见性。故选 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解
45、11 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 文章第一段中“Most experts now agreethat a mammal can be said to hibernate only if bodytemperature drops greatly and its wholemetabolism-including respiration and heart rateis much reduced”其中涉及“body temperaturedrops greatly”和“metabolism” 与选项中的 “reduced heart rate and temperature”相对应，因此 B
46、为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解12 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 “Bears ， relying on fat reserves to keepthem going，even produce their young during thisperiod”由此可知 C 项是符合的，故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解13 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章没有具体给出“cold-bloodedanimal”的定义，但给出了“warm-blooded animal”的定义： Mammals are warmblooded，that is，theyhave a means of keeping th
47、e temperature of theirbodies quite constant despite the normal temperaturechanges of the outside world故可判断出 “cold-blooded animal”的定义应与之相反。另外给出的“coldblooded animal”的例子也可知其义，故正确答案为 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解14 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从文章第二段“They can warm up，ifthey are too cold，by sunning themselves，or cooloff by getting in
48、to the shade”可知，冷血动物的体温是随外界而变化的，因此 D 为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解15 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从文章第二段“So cold-blooded animalsin the north must either find some place to spendthe winter where temperatures do not reach thefreezing points，or develop a special resting stage inwhich the water content of the protoplasm(原生质)is m
49、uch reduced”说明冷血动物要么找一个不低于零点的地方过冬，要么减少动物身体原生质的水分。由此可以判断，若减少动物身体原生质的水分，动物可以在零点的地方过冬。因此正确答案为 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解16 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 文章第二段中“Most of his training is incriminal lawHe has to know exactly what actionsare crimes and what evidence can be used to provethem in court”其中选项 B 正是此句的意思，只是换了一种说法。【知识模块】 阅读理解17 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章第三段中已知，“In real life，finding criminals is seldom much of a problemExcept in very serious eases like murders andterrorist attacks where-fai
