1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 74 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understandhe wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him.
3、What visual artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally inte
4、resting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist.Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in motion and repose; their
5、 choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to
6、 the character of their subjects.If one painter chooses to paint a gangrenous leg and another a lake in moonlight. Each of them is directing our attention to a certain aspect of the world, each painter is telling us something, showing us something, emphasizing somethingall of which means that, consc
7、iously or unconsciously, he is trying to teach us.1 It is hard to explain what a painter is saying, because_.（A）most painters do not express themselves well（B） a painter uses unusual words and phrases（C） a painter uses shapes and colors instead of words（D）many painters do not say anything2 Without t
8、he artists work the public might not_.（A）notice particular shapes or colors（B） see the shapes and colors that express his experiences（C） feel his delight in shapes and colors（D）all of the above3 An artists choice of shapes and colors indicates that he believes them to be_.（A）meaningful in themselves
9、（B） merely beautiful（C） a reflection of his experiences（D）worth looking at4 Compared with a painter of unpleasant subjects, a painter who draws a lake in moonlight is _.（A）conveying more meaning（B） pointing out different things（C） more skilled（D）communicating less5 Implied but not stated; _.（A）A pai
10、nting is more easily understood than a symphony（B） Art is merely the arranging of shape and color（C） Every artist tries to say something to the public（D）One must look beyond shape and color to find what the artist is saying5 Although the United States cherishes the tradition that it is a nation of s
11、mall towns and wide open spaces, only one in every eight Americans now lives on a farm. The recent population trend has been a double one, toward both urbanization and suburbanization. Metropolitan areas had grown explosively in the past decade, and nearly half this increase has been in the suburbs.
12、 With the rapid growth of cities has come equally rapid decentralization. The flight of Americans from the central city to the suburbs constituted one of the greatest migrations of modern times; quiet residential sections outside cities have become conglomerations of streets, split-level houses, and
13、 shopping centers.This spurt of suburban expansion, however, does not alter the basic fact that the United States has become one of the most urban nations on the face of the earth. Census (人口调查) Bureau figures show that the rural population has been shrinking steadily since 1830. When the United Sta
14、tes became a nation it had no large cities at all; today some fifty cities have populations of more than 258,000. Mammoth complexes of cities are developing in the area of the East Coast and the east north-central states, on the Pacific and Gulf coasts, and near the shores of the Great Lakes. Some s
15、ociologists now regard the entire 600-mile stretch between Boston and Washington, D. C. an area holding a fifth of the countrys populationas one vast city or, as they call it, megalopolis.6 A traditional American belief is that_.（A）few people live on farms（B） the nation consists mainly of small town
16、s and wide open spaces（C） the population is the greatest in the world（D）the United States is a nation of big cities7 The selection says that trends are toward the_.（A）growth of cities and shrinking of suburban areas（B） growth of both rural and suburban areas（C） shrinking of urban and suburban areas（
17、D）growth of urban and suburban areas8 Nearly half the increase in metropolitan population is accounted for by the_.（A）growth of small towns（B） migration to farm areas（C） growth of the suburbs（D）expansion of existing urban areas9 The author implies that the modem suburb is_.（A）quiet and residential（B
18、） very rural in character（C） confused and overgrown（D）much like a small town10 Megalopolis is the sociologists name for a_.（A）suburban area around a city（B） large city and its suburbs（C） group of towns organized as a city（D）group of cities blending to form one huge city10 Amtrak(美国铁路客运公司 ) was exper
19、iencing a downswing in ridership (客运量) along the lines comprising its rail system. Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham, were the long-distance western routes where ridership had been declining significantly. At one time, trains were the only practical way to cross the v
20、ast areas of the west. Trains were fast, very luxurious, and quite convenient compared to other forms of transportation existing at the time. However, times change and the automobile became Americas standard of convenience. Also, air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of trav
21、eling great distances. Therefore, the task for DDB Needham was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order to change their attitudes and increase the likelihood that trains would be considered for travel in the west.Two portions of the total market were targeted: 1) anx
22、ious fliersthose concerned with safety, relaxation, and cleanliness and 2) travel-loversthose viewing themselves as relaxed, casual, and interested in the travel experience as part of their vacation. The agency then developed a campaign that focused on travel experiences such as freedom, escape, rel
23、axation, and enjoyment of the great western outdoors. It stressed experiences gained by using the trains and portrayed western train trips as wonderful adventures.Advertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western routes and emphasized
24、 the romantic names of some of these trains (Empire Builder, etc.). These ads were strategically placed among family-oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order to most effectively reach target audiences. Results were impressive. The Empire Builder, which was focused on in o
25、ne ad, enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits on its Chicago to Seattle route.11 Whats the authors purpose in writing this passage?（A）To show the inability of trains to compete with planes with respect to speed and convenience.（B） To stress the influence of the automobile on Americas standard of c
26、onvenience.（C） To emphasize the function of travel agencies in market promotion.（D）To illustrate the important role of persuasive communication in changing consumer attitudes.12 It can be inferred from the passage that the drop in Amtrak ridership was due to the fact that_.（A）trains were not suitabl
27、e for short distance passenger transportation（B） trains were not the fastest and most convenient form of transportation（C） trains were not as fast and convenient as they used to be（D）trains could not compete with planes in terms of luxury and convenience13 To encourage consumers to travel by train,
28、DDB Needham emphasized_.（A）the freedom and convenience provided on trains（B） the practical aspects of train travel（C） the adventurous aspects of train trips（D）the safety and cleanliness of train trips14 The train ads were placed among family-oriented TV programs involving nature and America because_
29、.（A）they could focus on meaningful travel experiences（B） they could increase the effectiveness of the TV programs（C） their profits could be increased by some 15 percent（D）most travel-lovers and nervous fliers were believed to be among the audiences 15 According to the passage, the Empire Builder enj
30、oyed an increase in ridership and profits because_.（A）the attractiveness of its name and route was effectively advertised（B） it provided an exciting travel experience（C） its passengers could enjoy the great western outdoors（D）it was widely advertised in newspapers and magazines in Chicago and Seattl
31、e15 A new World Bank report warns that children who do not get enough good food in the first two years of life suffer lasting damage. They may be underdeveloped or underweight. They may suffer from poor health or limited intelligence. In addition, poorly nourished children are more likely to drop ou
32、t of school and earn less money as adults.The report notes that too little food is not the only cause of poor nutrition. Many children who live in homes with plenty of food suffer for other reasons. For example, the study says that mothers often fail to give their newly born babies their first breas
33、t milk. This milk-like substance is called colostrum. It is full of nutrients that improve a babys ability to fight infections and disease.The study also links malnutrition to economic growth in poor countries. A lack of nutrition in early childhood can cost developing nations up to three percent of
34、 their yearly earnings. Many of these same countries have economies that are growing at a rate of two to three percent yearly. The study suggests that poor countries could possibly double their economic growth if they improved nutrition.Africa and South Asia are affected the most by poor nutrition.
35、The study says about half of all children in India do not get enough good food. The World Bank study also notes that rates of malnutrition in South Asia are almost double those in central and southern Africa. Other parts of the world are also severely affected, including Indonesia, Uzbekistan, Yemen
36、, Guatemala and Peru.The study recommends that developing countries change their policies to deal with malnutrition. Instead of directly providing food, the study suggests educational programs in health and nutrition for mothers with young babies. It also recommends cleaner living conditions and imp
37、rovements in health care.World Bank nutrition specialist Meera Shekar said the period of life between Pregnancy and two years is extremely important. Governments with limited resources should take direct action to improve nutrition for children during this period.16 Whats the main topic of the passa
38、ge?（A）Poor nutrition in developing countries.（B） World Bank research.（C） Economic growth rate.（D）Ways to fight malnutrition in developed countries.17 It can be inferred from para. 2 that children who get sufficient food might suffer malnutrition because_.（A）they eat too much rubbish food everyday（B）
39、 they take little physical exercise（C） they are lacking in some kinds of necessary nutrients（D）their mothers do not have time to take care of them in the day18 If a poor country managed to provide enough food for children, the yearly economic growth rate would_.（A）drop（B） not change（C） rise（D）exceed
40、 2 percent19 According to the passage we know that nearly 50 percent of children suffer malnutrition in_.（A）Uzbekistan（B） South Asia（C） South Africa（D）India20 Meera Shekar believed that poor countries should help malnourished children by_.（A）providing food directly（B） educational programs in health
41、and nutrition（C） improving living conditions（D）improving health care20 Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. And good writers, like good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown. Quite the contrary , just as the cook has to un
42、dergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing, whatever its purposeschool work, matters of business, or purely social communication. You may be sure that the more painstaking the effort, the m
43、ore effective the writing, and the more rewarding.There are still some remote places in the world where you might find a public scribe to do your business or social writing for you, for a fee. There are a few managers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can ta
44、ke care of all sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from.“ But for most of us, if there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves.We have to write school papers, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called on to put words to paper. It would be diffi
45、cult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports put into the mails or delivered by hand, but the daily figure must be enormous. What is more, everyone who writes expects, or at least hopes, that his writing will be read. We want to arouse and hold the interest of the readers.
46、We want whatever we write to be read, from first word to last, not just thrown into some “letters-to-be-read“ file or into a wastepaper basket. This is the reason we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skills of interesting, effective writing.21 In this passage, good writing is compa
47、red to fine food because_.（A）both writers and cooks have to work long hours every day（B） both are essential to life（C） both are enjoyable（D）both writers and cooks can earn a good living22 A public “scribe“ (Para. 2) is_.（A）a secretary who does your business or social writing（B） a machine that does w
48、riting for you（C） a public school where writing is taught（D）a person who earns a living by writing for others23 According to the passage, some managers dont have to do any letter writing because_.（A）they rely on quick notes（B） they have a computer to do it（C） they have excellent secretaries（D）they p
49、refer making phone calls24 According to the author, if your letter is thrown into some “letters-to-be-read“ file, _.（A）it will receive immediate attention（B） it is likely to be neglected（C） it will be dealt with by the secretary（D）it is meant to be delivered soon25 The purpose of the author in writing this passage is_.（A）to argue and demonstrate（B） to comment and criticize（C） to interest and entertain（D）to explain
