1、中华人民共和国专业标准长白落叶松、兴安落叶松速生丰产林Z日日64002-86Fast growing and high yield plantationof Olga Bay Larch (Larix olgensis)and Dahnrlan Larch (Larix gmelini)本标准适用于长白落叶松(Larix olgensis)、兴安落叶松(Larix gmelini)产区以内的国营和接受国家资助的合同制集体和个体营造的长白落叶松、兴安落叶松丰产林。1丰产林指标1.1营造丰产林,造林当年成活率不低于95,达不到者须在次年春季选用同龄苗或大苗精心补植成活,幼林抚育结束时,保存率不得低
2、于90%01.2丰产林的生长量(包括间伐材)指标以工艺成熟年每公顷蓄积年平均生长量计算:I类产区9. Om以上。11类产区7.5m以上.81类产区6. 5 m,以上。工艺成熟时:大径材胸径24.Ocm以上,中径材胸径18.Ocm以上,小径材胸径14.Ocm以上。各年龄的最低生长显指标见表1,各类产区范围详见附录A。表1各年龄最低生长量指标年龄I类产区n类产区m类产区平ttJm高平均胸径 Cm平均年生长81m/ha平m高平均胸径cm平均年生长最m/ha平m高平均脚径Cm平均年生长段m/ha31.10.80.542.11.4LO53.22.21.664.23.83.11.02.30.575.24.
3、64.01.83.01.286.15.44.92.73.72.097O6.25.73.64.42.8107.87.06.79956.44.42.50055.13.60.9000129.48.47.91707.86.03.4995655.12. 16601410.89.88.14959.07.54.99957.76.53.35701612.011.18.437510.28.85.62508.97.84.75051813.212.28.595011.410.06.111010.09.04.9995中华人民共和国林业部1986一09-0.发布1987一0,一01实施下门ZB B 64002-86续表
4、1年龄I类产区n类产区口类产区平m高平均胸径 cm平均年生长量m/ha+I57m高平均胸径cm平均年生长且me/ha平m高平均胸径cm平均年生长最m /ha2014.413.28.850012.511.26.700511.010.25.30252517.015.99.000014.514.17.840513.312.65.94453019.218.09.666016.116.38. 233515.214.96.58504017.818.07.912516.517.26.56254517.118.06.50121.3长白、兴安落叶松丰产林以培育中径材为主,采取大、中、小材种综合经营的方针,轮伐期
5、一般为30一40年。1.4丰产林规模:国营丰产林基地.相对集中面积不应小于l00ha,集体和个体丰产林,相对集中面积不小于joha。其中每块面积均应大于1 ha,1.5丰产林主伐时,达到培育目的径级的林木株数不低于全林分总株数的40 %,达到培育目的径级的林木蓄积量不低于全林分蓄积的60%,1.丰产林林分必须有95%以上的林木干形通直、无病腐、无裂口、无折损。2丰产林主要技术措施2.1立地2.1.1有林地其林分优势平均高达到:I类产区地位指数16M以上,II类产区地位指数14M以上,m类产区地位指数13M以上的林地,为适宜丰产林生长的立地(各产区各年龄阶段的优势高应达到高度值见附录B)。 2.
6、1.2根据各地自然条件,按立地类型表(表2)的要求,选择当地适宜长白、兴安落叶松丰产林的立地条件。表2长白、兴安落叶松丰产林立地类型表产区最佳立地类型适宜立地类型I类产区1三海拔:600M以下)地貌:低山丘陵及山地坡向:阴坡、半阴坡、半阳坡坡度:缓、平及20*以下坡位:下坡、山脚、谷地)土层厚(+B):大于60cm)黑土层厚(A):大于20cm上类:暗棕坡、棕墉(1:(2:(3:(4(5(6(7(8海拔:800 m以下)地貌:低山丘陵及山地)坡向:阴坡、半阴坡、半阳坡)坡度:25。以下)坡位:中坡及中下坡)土层厚(A+B):大于40cm)黑土层厚(A):大于15cm)土类:暗棕坡、棕绷七L(3
7、:(4;(5:(6(7(8十之D类产区(1(2(3(4。(5(6(7(8)海拔:500 m以下)地貌:低山丘陵)坡向:阴坡、半阴坡、半阳坡)坡度:缓、平及巧。以下)坡位:下坡、山脚、谷地)土层厚(A+B):大于50cm)黑土层(A):大于15cm)土类:草甸土、暗棕坡(1:(2(3(4;(5:(6;(7:(8:)梅拔:500 - 700 m)地貌:低山丘陵及中山山地)坡向:阴坡、半阴坡、半阳坡,坡度:级、平及26。以下)坡位:中坡及中下坡)土层厚(A+B):大于30cm黑土层厚(A):大于10cm)土类:草甸土、暗棕城d3A?注B层指淀积层。Z日B 64002-862.1.3无林地营造丰产林,
8、选地须按立地因子得分表计算,总分达65分以上者可营造丰产林,总分达到80分以上者为最佳立地条件。立地因子得分表见表3、表4。表3 I类产区长白落叶松立地因子得分表总分;100分坡向北坡、东北坡:13分东坡、西北坡、西坡、东南坡,8分南坡、西南坡:2分坡度15:14分160-25:10分26,d分坡位下:20分中:16分 七:4分黑土层厚度21cm:30分16 -20cm:2分G15cm:8分全土层厚度60cm:14分41 -60cm:8分Gd0cm。6分土壤1v度温 : 6分润:4分干,2分表4 II类产区、班类产区长白、兴安落叶松立地因子得分表总分:100分坡A东坡、西北坡:19分北坡、东北
9、坡:17分西坡、东南坡:13分南坡、西南坡:1分坡度260e 1分坡位下:17分中:10分上:1分黑土层厚度18em.21分11-15cm:11分51cm:15分31-50cm:8分10年积温10日数日+0K度I 6002801-3300151-1700.6-0.980分以上辽宁:抚顺、本溪市区各县、西丰县、铁岭县东部、开原县东部、丹东、宽甸县北部、凤城县北部吉林:集安县、通化县、柳河县、浑江市南部、东丰县西部、辉南县大部Q 5002301-2800131-1500.6-0.970-80分吉林:延边自治州、吉林市区各县、通化地区除1区外各县、大黑山脉以东的长春地区、四平地区黑龙江:宁安县、东宁
10、县、移梭县、林口县、海林县、尚志县、延寿县、通河县、依兰县、方正县、鸡西县、鸡东县、密山县、汤源县、铁力县及伊春市东南部、鹤岗市西部、焦木斯市、宝清县南部地区、五常县、巴彦县、绥化市、级搜、海伦东部地区、双鸭山市m 4001801-2300101-1300.5-0.960-70分黑龙江:克山、克东、拜泉、北安、孙吴、逊克、黑何、嫩江、翻都、伊春市西北部地区、海伦以西、ilk河、依安、明水、望奎北部内蔽:扎兰屯、喜挂图旗东南部、乌兰浩特以北、颊尔古纳左旗南部、哪伦春自治旗南部注:干澡度K二0.161式中:,-10年积温.- 10 C时年降水2o生产力得分即以县为单位,计算其同一立地条件下,宽甸县
11、为100分。同一经营方式,在20年时优势高百分比,以辽宁省Z皿n84002-88附录B地位指教表(补充件)表B 1长白落叶松人工林地位指数表( I类产区)mR910111213141516171853.5-3.83.9-4.14.2-4.54.6-4.84.9-5.25.3-5.65.7-6.06.1-6.46.5-6.86.9-7.2105.5-5.86.9-6.36.4-6.8.二7.5-8.08.1-8.68.7-9.39.4-9.910.0-10.5,。;:几157.3-7.8,:二8.5-9.09.1-9.8气9.9-10.610.7-11.411.5-12.212.3-13.013
12、.1-13.914.0-14.8208.9-9.59.6-10.510.6-11.511.6-12.512.6-13.513.6-14.514.6-15.515.6-16.516.6-17.517.6-18.52510.4-11.011.1-11.912.0-12.812.9-13.914.0-15.115.2-16.316.4-17.517.6-18.618.7-19.819.9-21.03011.8-12.4,;:二13.5-14.514.6-15.615.7-16.716.8-18.2,;:二19.8-21.021.1-22.422.5-23.835,;:二13.8-14.814.9-1
13、5.9“;二17.5-18.919.0-20.320.4-21.821.9-23.223止二24.8-26.24014.1-14.915.0-16.116.2-17.317.4-18.818.9-20.420.5-22.022.1-23.623.7-25.125.2-26.726.8-28.34515.0-15.8“;:几17.2-18.418.5-20.0,。;:二21.8-23.423.5-.25.1,1:二26.8-28.4,.1:几7三ZB B 04002一二表B2长白落叶松、兴安落叶松人工林地位指数表(II类产区)ilb St04 it89101112131415161750.04-
14、0.560.57-1.081.09-1.60“1一122.13-2.642.65-3.163.17-3.683.69-4.20峨.:一724.75于24102.65-3.413.42-4.174.18-4.934.94-5.695.70-6.456.47万217.22-7.977.98-8.738.74-9.499.50-10.25155.24-6.146.7一;47.05-7.947.95-8.848.85-9.749.75-10.8410.65- 11.5411.55- 12.4412.45- 13.3413.35- 14.24207.50-8.508.51-9.509.51-10.501
15、0.51-11.5011.51-12.5012.51-13.5013.51-14.5014.51-15.5015.51-16.5016.51-17.50k.9.36-10.4310.44- 11.5011.51- 12.5712.58- 13.6413.65- 14.7114.72- 15.7815.79- 16.8516.86- 17.9217.93- 18.9919.00- 20.063010.84-11.9511.96- 13.0613.07- 14.1714.18- 15.2815.29- 16.3916.40- 17.5017.51- 18.6118.62- 19.7219.73-
16、20.8320.84- 21.943511.86-12.9913.00- 14.1214.13- 15.2815.29- 16.3816.39- 17.5117.52- 18.6418.65- 19.7719-78- 20.9020.91- 22.0322.04- 23.164012.50-13.6213.63- 14.7414.75- 15.8615.87- 16.9816.99- 18.1018.11- 19.2219.23- 加。3420.35- 21.4621.47- 22.5822.59- 23.70表B3兴安落叶松人工林地位指数表(m类产区)狱14131211109852.41-2
17、.762.05-2.401.69-2.041.32-1.680.96-1.310.60-0.95-0.60108.00-8.847.15-7.996.30-7.145.44-6.294.59.5.433.73-4.582.88-3.721511.36-12.3410.37-11.359.38-10.368.38-9.377.39-8.376.40-7.385.41-6.392013.50-14.5012.50-13.4911.50一12.4910.50-11.499.50-10.498.50-9.497.50-8.492515.42一16.5014.33-15.4113.24-14.3212.
18、14-13.2311.04-12.139.95-11.038.86-9.943016.82-17.9215.71-16.8114.58-15.7013.48- 14.5712.37-13.4711.26-13.3610.15-11.253518.00- 19.1216.87-17.9915.74-16.8614.60- 15.7313.47-14.5912.34-13.4611.21一12.334019.04-20.1817.89-19.0316.74-17.8815.58-16.7314.43-15.5713.28-14.4212.13 -13.2776ZB B 64002-86附录C各类产
19、区长白、兴安落叶松丰产林间伐表(参考件)表C1工类产区最佳立地类型长白落叶松丰产林间伐表间伐次第间伐年龄间隔期年上层高m平均高m平均胸径cm株数株/ha蓄积tm丫ha间伐t间伐强度%材积年平均生长Bm/ha伐前ttF伐前伐后伐前12Fa伐前伐后株致株/ha 蓄积MI/恤按株数 计算按蓄积 计算ftf1k.F地位指数:18m2500(培育大径材)1压厂14.612.613.210.110.922501500126.8805106.999同19.881033.3同9.06307.8570220I18.016.016.614.315.015001000163.0005132.000049531.00
20、0533.019.09.14406.60003271厅21.720.020.619.520.41000750223.3020193.297525530.004525.413.4InI耳鱿n7_1595工艺成熟382523.824.1750,自It-)通Q咤9:46953300(培育中径材)11311.69.610.59.29.829701990112.0005100.00057512.000032.810.78.61457.6920216315.012.713.611.212.219901570139.9995115.000542027.117.99.49957.1880乙0.VU”舀3匡陌1
21、8.516.216.914.615.415701200188.0025160.000537528.000517.514.910.71457.6185工艺成熟2721.220.318.01200235.000511.112077ZB B 64002一二表C2 I类产区适宜立地类型长白落叶松丰产林间伐表间伐次第间伐年龄间隔期年上层高nI平均高m平均脚径cn】株数株/ha蓄积tm/ha间伐t间伐强度%材积年平均生长tm/ha伐盯售伐前伐后伐前伐后伐前fitF株数株/ha 翻积MI/恤按株数计算黔f47I2Fa地位指数:16m2500(培育大径材)1国日14.312.713.210.0同2250150
22、0124.5555104.83057501o 799n33.315.88.30406.9885222717.815.816.414.014.615001000157.0005121.600549535.400033.022.58.03255.5275330821.719.820.619.220.01000750217.0005180.499525536.501025.416.89.07056.0165工艺成熟4023.824.1750283.24959.37203300(培育中径材)11411.29.310.19.09.629701995105.199590.049597515.150032.
23、814.47.51506.432021吕414.112.012.910.811.719951575134.5005105.019542029.481027.121.98.31455.8350324618.516.216.914.615.415751200188.0025160.000537528.000517.514.99.69306.6660工艺成熟3021.220.318.01200235.000510.25404050(培育小径材)11111.57.58.27.07.63645253588.249574.8290111011e-9健ne15.28.02206.8025217614.511
24、.812.310.611.625351725149.8005122.410581032.018.39.60127.2000.,了习切二引工艺成熟2419.015.614.11725209.749510.440078ZB皿61002-66表C3 II类产区长白、兴安落叶松丰产林间伐表间伐次第间伐年龄间隔期年上层高.m平均高m平均脚径cm株教株/ha毯积tm/ha间悦t间伐强度%材积年平均生长tm/ha伐前伐后伐前f1tFttfR伐前詹株数株/ha招砚m,/血按株致计耳按称积计算伐前ftr6地位指数:15m3300(培育中径材)1区11.09.210.08.89.329701995100.0005
25、88.000597512.000032一公12.0右.25055.5005221!,日15.212.713.611.212.219951575139.9995115.000542025.000527l17.97.23755.4765327下18.516.216.914.615.415751200188.002.5160.000537526.000517.514.98.65355.9265工艺成熟3321.220.318.01200235.00059.09164440(培育小径材)I.411.77.68.47.58.13645253595.059585.0005111010.059030.410
26、.66.79056.0720219514.912.112,11.012.0253517251549,肠133.000591021,”。”。14.2吕鸽加7.0005工艺成熟2519.015.814.11725209.74959.盯20地位指数:14M33佣(培育中径材)L回日10.78.89.s8.49.02970连99590.199580.059597510.140032日11.25.30554.71的223615.012.513.411.012.019951575135.0000109.999542027.118.56.31054.7820ca.vUUJ330I718.015.816514
27、.215.015751200181.9995149.950537532.049017.517.6了_2875孟_99翻口-一!-一江几艺成熟4021.220.318.01200235.00057.56554050(培育小径材)11610.47.27.9707.63645253585.000575.0000111010.0005加411.85.31304.6875221口14.311.812.610.811.725351725145.1505124月湘581020.151032.0!3.97.38755.9520工艺成熟2817.614.714.11725209.82458.571079ZB B
28、 64002-86表C4 m类产区兴安落叶松丰产林间伐表间伐次第旬伐年龄间隔期,年上层高m平均高m平均胸径cm株数株/ha蓄积量m/ha闭伐量间伐强度%材积年平均生长量m/ha1tI1F伐前fitF1t1411FN9mTo株数株/ha黑曙臀fk1411N地位指数:13m33001I1811.29.410.37.98.52970199585.000575.49959759.501032.811.24.72204.1940225715.012.813.610.511.519951575121.000594.999542026.001027.121.55.22003.7995(培育中径材)33381
29、8.015.816.514.215.015751200181.9995149.950537532.049017.517.66.59104.5435工艺成熟4321.220.318.01200235.00057.03654045(培育小径材)117巨9.57.48.36.87.43645253575.000067.000511107.999530.410.74.41153.94052F 213.711.212.010.411.325351725134.5005118.000581016.500032.012.36.47705.3640工艺成熟3017.614.714.11725209.82457.8105附加说明:本标准由林业部造林经营司提出。本标准由黑龙江省林业研究所负责起草。木标准主要起草人陈效群、仲崇琪、戚维江、程光平、周辍世、付荣华、于雅文。80