1、全国自考（英语阅读一）模拟试卷 6 及答案与解析一、CAREFUL READING0 A guest at the Holiday Inn on Union Square in San Francisco is attempting to turn on the radio in his room. Not matter which button he pushes, the radio will not play. Finally, the guest reports a defective (有毛病的) radio. A hotel employee soon arrives at the
2、 guests room with a new radio, a box of chocolates, and flowers. As for the radio already in the room, the employee turns it on without difficulty and quickly reassures the guest that the radio is tricky to operate. The employee shows the guest how to work the radio and pleasantly exits the room, le
3、aving the radios, the chocolates and the flowers.An elderly woman is in her favorite food store, Ukrops Super Market of Richmond, Virginia. She picks up a large pineapple from the display case, holds it for several moments, and then returns it with obvious reluctance. Ukrops president, James Ukrop,
4、witnesses this scene and asks the customer if she would like to buy half of the pineapple, indicating that the store would be glad to cut it in half. The customer accepts and states how she looks forward to visiting Ukrops because the staff is so friendly and makes her feel so welcome.Night after ni
5、ght, in Aurora, Colorado, police officers answer calls for break ins of cars parked outside a local dance hall. One officer notes that the burglaries usually involve purses of female customers who say they lock their handbags in their cars, fearing the bags would be stolen from unattended tables dur
6、ing dances. The officer then persuades the dance hall owner to install lockers and the burglary calls drop from dozens each month to two in four months.These three stories emphasize our central argument, that is, the essence of services marketing is service. Service quality is the foundation of serv
7、ices marketing, for the core product being marketed is a performance. The performance is the product; the performance is what customers buy. A strong service concept gives companies the opportunity to compete for customers; a strong performance of the service concept builds competitiveness by earnin
8、g customers confidence and reinforcing branding, advertising, selling, and pricing.1 The radio in the guests room at the Holiday Inn does not work because_. ( )（A）there are too many buttons on it（B） there is something wrong with it（C） it takes a technician to operate it（D）the guest has not operated
9、it properly2 It can be inferred from the second paragraph that_. ( )（A）the lady doesnt like the pineapple at first（B） the lady loves the way the pineapple is arranged（C） it is natural for the shop to cut the pineapple in half（D）the shop usually does not sell part of an item to a customer3 The third
10、story in the passage shows_ . ( )（A）the significance of service（B） the high crime rates in Aurora（C） the importance of police work（D）the carelessness of women dancers4 In a service business, the product being marketed is_ ( )（A）a brand（B） a person（C） a promise（D）a performance5 The author sets forth
11、the argument of the passage by_ ( )（A）finding causes（B） giving examples（C） defining a term（D）providing comparisons5 Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?
12、Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame. Heroes s
13、erve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm,
14、 and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their
15、 fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther Kin
16、g, Jr. , we might still have segregated (实行种族隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.6 Heroes may come from diffe
17、rent cultures, but they_ ( )（A）generally share some inspiring characteristics（B） probably share some weaknesses of ordinary people（C） are often influenced by their previous generations（D）are often pursued by a large number of fans7 According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transf
18、ormers in that_ . ( )（A）they have a vision from the mountaintop（B） they have warm feelings and emotions（C） they can serve as concrete examples of noble strengths（D）they can make people feel stronger and more enthusiastic8 Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because_ . ( )（A）they do
19、 not improve their fans morally（B） they are popular only with certain groups of people（C） their primary concern is their own financial interests（D）they are not clear about what principles they should follow9 Gandhi and Martin Luther King are examples of outstanding leaders who_ . ( )（A）are good at d
20、emonstrating their charming characters（B） are capable of meeting all challenges and hardships（C） can bring about social changes in their nations（D）can change the whole world with their skills and charms10 The author concludes that historical changes would ( )（A）be delayed without leaders with inspir
21、ing personal qualities（B） not occur without heroes making the necessary sacrifices（C） take place if there were heroes to lead the people（D）produce leaders with attractive personalities10 Interest in pursuing international careers has soared in recent years, enhanced by chronic (长久的) personnel shorta
22、ges that are causing companies to search beyond their home borders for talent.Professionals seek career experience outside their home countries for a variety of reasons. They may feel the need to recharge their batteries with a new challenge. They may want a position with more responsibility that en
23、courages creativity and initiative. Or they may wish to expose their children to another culture, and the opportunity to learn a second language.When applying for a job, one usually has to submit a resume or curriculum vitae (CV). The two terms generally mean the same thing: a one or two page docume
24、nt describing ones educational qualifications and professional experience. However, guidelines for preparing a resume are constantly changing. The best advice is to find out what is appropriate regarding the corporate culture, the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring deci
25、sion. The challenge will be to embrace(包含)two or more cultures in one document. The following list is a good place to start;Educational requirements differ from country to country. In almost every case of “cross-border“ job hunting, just stating the title of your degree will not be an adequate descr
26、iption. Provide the reader with details about your studies and any related experience.Pay attention to the resume format you use: chronological or reverse chronological order. Chronological order means listing your “oldest“ work experience first. Reverse chronological order means listing your curren
27、t or most recent experience first. Most countries have preferences about which format is most acceptable. If you find no specific guidelines, the general preference is for the reverse chronological format.If you are submitting your resume in English, find out if the recipient (收件人) uses British Engl
28、ish or American English because there are variations between the two versions. For example, university education is often referred to as “tertiary education“ in the United Kingdom, but this term is rarely used in the United States. A reader who is unfamiliar with these variations may assume that you
29、r contains errors.11 Companies are searching for talent outside their home countries because_. ( )（A）they need to expand their business globally（B） they have difficulty hiring employees at home（C） they can benefit from international professionals（D）foreign employees are more capable than those at ho
30、me12 According to the passage, professionals looking for international careers . ( )（A）are usually creative and have the initiative（B） are no longer satisfied with their own life at home（C） aim to improve their foreign language skills（D）aim at opportunities for themselves and their children13 When i
31、t comes to resume writing, it is advisable to ( )（A）take cultural factors into consideration（B） learn about the companys hiring process（C） follow appropriate guidelines for job hunting（D）find out the employers personal likes and dislikes14 When writing about qualifications in the resume, job applica
32、nts are advised to ( )（A）emphasize their academic potential to impress the decision maker（B） start with the title of the degree they have obtained at home（C） provide a detailed description of their studies and work experiences（D）show intense interest in pursuing international careers15 According to
33、the authors last piece of advice, job applicants should be aware of ( )（A）the different educational systems in the US and the UK（B） the differences between American English and British English（C） the recipients preference with regard to resume format（D）the distinctive features of American and Britis
34、h cultures15 Blaming the media for violence is misguided. To better understand the issue of violence and society, it is helpful to examine its historical roots. Certainly not all tribal societies were violent. For example, many native tribes in the American southwest were entirely peaceful. However,
35、 for most tribal people throughout most of the world, war and violence have always been part of life. One of our oldest books, the Old Testament, tells of constant tribal wars among the peoples of the Middle East. Likewise, ancient texts such as the Greek Iliad, the Indian Bhagavad Gita and the Nord
36、ic Beowulf all tell tales of war and violence. Certainly the peoples of ancient Babylonia, Greece, India, and Scandinavia were not influenced by the media, yet most of the earliest human records indicate that violence has been an ever present part of human life. Since violence was with us long befor
37、e modern media, it seems unlikely that controlling the media now would have much impact on stopping human violence.A comparison of violence in nations around the world indicates that there is no relationship between media violence and real violence. In the United States, in 1996, there were 9,390 gu
38、n-related deaths. In the same year, Japan had 15 gun-related deaths. Yet the level of violence on television in Japan is higher than that in the U. S. . Japanese TV often depicts graphic violence that would not be allowed on U. S. television, and Japanese movie goers see the same major Hollywood fil
39、ms that Americans see, but street crime is so rare in Tokyo that most people do not worry about it. In contrast, in American cities, people in general, and women in particular, are afraid to walk alone at night. Security is an ever present concern in the U. S. , where citizens limit their lives in n
40、umerous ways to reduce the chances of joining the 11,000 people who are killed by guns in America each year. However, the number of murders in the U. S. is small compared to Columbia, where, for example, 23,000 people were murdered in 1999. Columbians have much less exposure to media violence than e
41、ither Americans or Japanese; they have fewer TV stations and watch fewer films. Indeed, those committing murders in Columbia are often people from the countryside who have the least exposure to the media. Thus people who are not exposed to the media are often more likely to commit violent crimes tha
42、n those exposed to it. Since Canada borders the U. S. , Canadians receive the same TV and radio programs that Americans receive, yet gun violence in Canada is nearly one hundred times lower than that in the U. S Clearly there is no significant relationship between media violence and real life violen
43、ce. We need to look elsewhere for solutions to real life violence.16 The author cites the examples of ancient texts in the first paragraph to show that_ . ( )（A）ancient texts are just as violent as modern media（B） ancient societies could be both peaceful and violent（C） violence came into being long
44、before modern media did（D）there is more violence in ancient works than in the media17 The author uses Japanese, Columbian and Canadian examples to show that real life violence and media violence_ . ( )（A）are not related（B） are not serious（C） affect each other（D）are directly related18 It can be infer
45、red from the second paragraph that the safest country is_ ( )（A）Japan（B） Canada（C） Columbia（D）the U. S.19 The phrase “reduces the chances of joining. . . “ (para. 2) may be replaced by_ ( )（A）refuses to take part in（B） adds to the number of（C） avoids becoming one of（D）decreases the number of20 Accor
46、ding to the passage, those who are the least exposed to media violence are citizens of_ ( )（A）Japan（B） the U. S.（C） Canada（D）Columbia二、SPEED READING20 As a boy Sanders was much influenced by books about the sea but in fact by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor.
47、 His father was a dentist and as a result Sanders had the opportunity of meeting doctors socially. When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the dispensary of the local doctor where he was supposed to be helping to wrap up medicine bottles,but was actually trying to listen to the conversati
48、ons with patients taking place in the next room.During the war Sanders served in the Navy as a surgeon. “That was the happiest time of my life doing major surgery. I was dealing with very real suffering and on the whole making a success of it. “ In Rhodes he taught the country people simple facts ab
49、out medicine. He saw himself as a lifesaver. He had proved his skill to himself and his ability to take decisions. With this proof came the firm belief that those who lived simply and those who were dependent upon him possessed qualities and a secret of living which he lacked.After the war he married and chose practice deep in the English countryside,working under an old doctor who was much liked in the district but who hated the sight of blood and believed that the secret of medicine was faith. Th
