2019年春七年级数学下册第8章整式乘法和因式分解8.1幂的运算第6课时用科学记数法表示绝对值小于1的数课时作业(新版)沪科版.docx

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2019年春七年级数学下册第8章整式乘法和因式分解8.1幂的运算第6课时用科学记数法表示绝对值小于1的数课时作业(新版)沪科版.docx_第1页
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1、1第 6 课时 用科学记数法表示绝对值小于 1 的数知识要点基础练知识点 1 用科学记数法表示小数1.随着电子制造技术的不断进步,电子元件的尺寸大幅度缩小,在芯片上某种电子元件大约只占 0.0000007(毫米 2),这个数用科学记数法表示为(C)A.710-6 B.0.710-6C.710-7 D.7010-82.随着科技的发展,医学上借助激光微束仪把激光束直径聚焦到 0.85 m,合 0.00000085 m,用以切割或焊接细胞来达到治疗的目的 .这里“0 .00000085”用科学记数法表示为 (C)A.0.8510-8 B.8510-10C.8.510-7 D.8.510-93.据悉,

2、世界上最小的开花结果植物是澳大利亚的水浮萍,这种植物的果实像一个微小的无花果,质量只有 0.000000069 克,用科学记数法表示此数是 6.910-8 . 知识点 2 把科学记数法表示的数还原成小数4.已知空气的单位体积质量为 1.2410-3 g/cm3,1.2410-3用小数表示为 (D)A.0.000124 B.0.0124C.-0.00124 D.0.001245.若一个小数用科学记数法表示为 2.0810-6,则原小数是 0.00000208 . 综合能力提升练6.花粉的质量很小,一粒某种植物花粉的质量约为 0.000037 毫克,已知 1 克 =1000 毫克,那么 0.000

3、037 毫克可以用科学记数法表示为(B)A.3.710-5克 B.3.710-8克C.3.710-7克 D.3.710-6克7.细菌非常小,无孔不入,我们要“珍爱生命,讲究卫生” .某种细菌的半径为 0.00000045 米,这个数用科学记数法表示为 (A)A.4.510-7 B.4.510-6C.4510-6 D.4510-58.计算 3.810-7-3.710-7,结果用科学记数法表示为 (D)A.0.110-7 B.0.110-8C.110-7 D.110-89.1 纳米 =10-9米,将 0.00305 纳米用科学记数法表示为 3.0510-12 米 . 10.有一句谚语:“捡了芝麻,

4、丢了西瓜 .”意思是说有些人办事只抓住一些无关紧要的小事,却忽略了具有重大意义的大事 .据测算,5 万粒芝麻才 200 克,你能算出 1 粒芝麻有多少克吗?(把你的结果用科学记数法表示出来)解:1 粒芝麻的质量为 20050000=0.004=410-3(克) .211.雷达可用于飞机导航,也可用来监测飞机的飞行 .假设某时刻雷达向飞机发射电磁波,电磁波遇到飞机后反射,又被雷达接收,两个过程共用了 5.2410-5秒 .已知电磁波的传播速度为 3.0108米 /秒,求该时刻飞机与雷达的距离 .解:5 .2410-523.0108=7.86103(米) .答:该时刻飞机与雷达的距离是 7.86103米 .拓展探究突破练12.科学家研究发现,与我们日常生活密不可分的水的一个水分子的质量大约是 310-26千克,8 克水中大约有多少个水分子?通过进一步研究,科学家又发现,一个水分子由 2 个氢原子和 1 个氧原子构成,已知氧原子的质量约为 2.66510-26千克,求氢原子的质量 .解: (310-26)2 .6671023(个),81000(310-26)-(2.66510-26)2=1.67510-27(千克) .答:8 克水中大约有 2.6671023个水分子,氢原子的质量为 1.67510-27千克 .

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