2017_2018学年八年级数学上册第十三章轴对称微专题利用等腰三角形的性质证线段或角度关系同步精练(新版)新人教版.docx

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2017_2018学年八年级数学上册第十三章轴对称微专题利用等腰三角形的性质证线段或角度关系同步精练(新版)新人教版.docx_第1页
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2017_2018学年八年级数学上册第十三章轴对称微专题利用等腰三角形的性质证线段或角度关系同步精练(新版)新人教版.docx_第2页
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1、1微专题 利用等腰三角形的性质证线段或角度关系【方法技巧】 当题目中出现等腰三角形、中点、角平分线、垂直等条件时,可联想等腰三角形的性质解题,特别是运用“三线合一”来证明线段 或角相等,可减少证全等的次数,可简化书写步骤一、证线段相等1如图, AB AC, DB DC, AD 的延长线交 BC 于点 E,求证: BE CE.(导学号:58024160)【解题过程】证明:只证 AE 平分 BAC 即可,这可由 ABD ACD(SSS)得到2如图, BD 是 ABC 的角平分线, A40, ACB70, DF BC 于点 F, E 为 BC延长线上一点, CE CD,求证: BF EF.(导学号:

2、58024161)【解题过程】证明:因 DF BE,故只证 BD DE 即可,这可由 DBE E35得到二、证角相等3如图, ABC 中, AB AC, CD AB 于点 D,求证: BCD BAC.(导学号:1258024162)【解题过程】证明:方法一(计算法):设 BAC x,则 B , BCD90180 x2 x;180 x2 12方法二(三线合一):作 AM BC 于 M,证 BCD BAM CAM 即可2三、证垂直4如图, CA CB, OA OB,求证: OC AB.【解题过程】证明:因 CA CB,要证 OC AB,故只证 OC 平分 ACB 即可,所以先证 AOCBOC(SSS),即可得到 OC 平分 ACB.5如图, ABC 中, ABC90,以 AB, BC 分别作等边 ABD 和等边 BCE,求证:BD CE.(导学号:580241 63)【解题过程】证明:连接 DC, DE,先证 CBD EBD(SAS), CD ED, BD 平分 CDE, BD CE.

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