1、2013 年天津外国语大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、选择题(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.The skies were void of smog, but a light sea mist blanketed the bay in a trippy, wobbly haze.（分数：2.00）A.freeB.fullC.emptyD.depleted2.By the time I get to the office 10 minutes later, I“ve already risked being hit by a car
2、several times. Italy and China are very similar in this respect. Traffic lights have more of an ornamental function than a practical one.（分数：2.00）A.boycottB.extraordinaryC.decorativeD.legal3.As it is in the vicinity of the embassy area, the district where the complex is located is a major residentia
3、l location for foreigners and foreign companies.（分数：2.00）A.similar areaB.unknown placeC.main streetD.neighborhood4.Not long ago, Zheng Yuanjie, a famous author of children“s literature, openly expressed his opposition to China“s class council system in his micro-blog, arguing that this system will e
4、xert a negative impact on children“s personality development, triggering discussions on whether the current class council system should be cancelled.（分数：2.00）A.ignitingB.resultingC.enclosingD.inviting5.In 2012, Chinese enterprises will be confronted with unprecedented challenges, said the Report of
5、Chinese Enterprise Development, issued by the Development Research Center of the State Council on January 8.（分数：2.00）A.seriousB.worseningC.exceedingD.unparalleled6.The policy incurred queries from the public. Many said that establishing a link between employment rate and college courses is reasonabl
6、e because colleges have the responsibility to provide useful human resources to promote social development, but deciding a major“s fate based solely on that rate, however, is not.（分数：2.00）A.causedB.demandedC.eliminatedD.associated7.Anyone who has any understanding of China will agree that we will be
7、 able to achieve a soft landing, supported by buoyant domestic demand.（分数：2.00）A.dwindlingB.emergingC.floatingD.thriving8.Twenty-nine Chinese nationals abducted by local rebels in Sudan were successfully rescued by the Sudanese army and arrived at the Chinese Embassy to Kenya that day.（分数：2.00）A.sei
8、zedB.freedC.exploitedD.moderated9.In China, antibiotics are commonly referred to by another namemedicine to diminish inflammation, which has contributed a lot to the spread of antibiotics.（分数：2.00）A.curtailB.levelC.dwindleD.shrink10.Because Apple products are released much later in China than in oth
9、er countries, many Apple fans turn to smugglers to satisfy demand.（分数：2.00）A.black-marketB.howlersC.contrabandistD.dealers11.We see some tactical differences in the region. But on the whole, the United States and China have either commonality or complementarily of interests.（分数：2.00）A.consensusB.mis
10、matchC.parts that make a good combinationD.needs of both two parties12.Rather a cursory skim of its text reveals that it is in fact a surrogacy intermediary website.（分数：2.00）A.go-betweenB.express serviceC.information emissionD.transformation13.Despite a widespread tendency to romanticize Van Gogh“s
11、ill health, modern critics see an artist deeply frustrated by the inactivity and incoherence brought about by his bouts of illness.（分数：2.00）A.attacksB.hoardingC.recoveryD.vulnerability14.Many people claiming to have been forcibly treated for nonexistent mental illnesses are institutionalized by fami
12、ly members.（分数：2.00）A.internalizedB.sent to an institutionC.hospitalizedD.ignored15.From harping on the trade deficit to a discussion of whether it is proper for the candidates to have investments in China, the word “China“ came up 22 timesalways negativelyin the second debate, and 35 times in the f
13、inale between Obama and Romney.（分数：2.00）A.talking tediouslyB.arguing fiercelyC.relating forciblyD.debating vigorously16.His work is said to bear a strong resemblance to the 1982 Nobel Prize winner Gabriel Garcia Marquez. The Nobel Committee in Sweden praised Mo“s “ hallucinatory realism, “ which ble
14、nds aspects of “ fold tales, history and the contemporary, “ and said that his works reminded people of Marquez“s and William Faulkner“s works.（分数：2.00）A.cruelB.sheerC.phantasmalD.homicide17.Walking toward the house, a small woman saw me and ran out to usher me the rest of the distanceabout 10 feet
15、to the chair. She ran inside, brought out a cup, threw in some tea leaves, repeating the words “Longjing cha“ several times and then added hot water.（分数：2.00）A.pushB.escortC.pressD.take18.While Chinese observers recommend sticking to the principle of a peaceful resolution, they warn that if Japan ta
16、kes further provocative acts, the bilateral relationship could spin out of control.（分数：2.00）A.swirlB.jumpC.disperseD.scatter19.One solution to improve the poor drainage system in Beijing is to gradually upgrade the underground conduits and design standards, but it is not a job that will be completed
17、 soon.（分数：2.00）A.acceleratingB.outpouringC.storingD.drawing off20.The piranha is not the only alien species that has appeared in China. Although it remains unnecessary for swimmers in Liuzhou to worry about piranha attacks, other alien species have long plagued economies and ecosystems.（分数：2.00）A.vi
18、ciousB.invadingC.foreignD.ancient21.The A most easiest process for mining gold is panning, which B involves using a C circular dish with a small pocket D at the bottom .（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.In the United States, A both the federal and state governments have laws B designed to guard consumers C agains
19、t deceptive D advertise .（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.Anthropologists A agree that our B primitive ancestors who inhabited the tropics C probably have natural protection D against the sun.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.A principle of A manager is to ensure that every B action or C decision achieves a carefully D planne
20、d goal.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.A Researchers at the university B are investigating a series of indicators that C could help D themselves to predict earthquakes.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.A A common use B with gold in the nineteenth century was C as a standard for the D value of money.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.How ma
21、ny people A realize that agriculture is a B source of raw C materials for clothing and D to shelter ?（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.A Principal known for B his C dictionary , Noah Webster was also the first D epidemiologist in the country.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.Window treatment, furniture arrangement and color A
22、combine B all contribute to the C overall impression of D a room .（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.A patent A gives inventors B exclusive rights to their inventions for a C fix period D of time .（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、选词填空(总题数：2，分数：40.00)Note-taking is a skill that can help you do well on all your schoolworkeverythi
23、ng from taking tests to researching a paper. Butu 1, most schools don“t have classes that teach you how to taken 2. So here are some tips. Write downk 3facts. If you have a teacher who writes notes on the board, that“s a bonus; You canc 4them down. If not, write down the most importantp 5 from class
24、. Does your historyt 6mention the date of a key Civil War battle? Does your English teacher give examples of Shakespeare“s use of dramatic irony? Does your math teacher go over a particular formula? Write it down! It can take some experimenting tof 7 out what information is helpful, so keep trying a
25、nd don“t give up.D 8teachers do things differently. For example, some teachers may mention lots of dates and facts in class but only write the key ones on theb 9. Other teachers may not write anything down, but they may repeat a certain date or piece of information. That“s ac 10that it“s probably im
26、portant. After a while, you“ll get to know a teacher“s style.（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_A growing number of companies are finding that small-group discussions allow them to develop healthier ways to think about work. People at all【K11】l 1of corpor
27、ate structure are starting groups that meet weekly or【K12】m 2to talk oyer ways to make workplaces【K13】m ethical and just. Several factors must be present for small-group【K14】d 3 to be successful. First, it is important to put together the right【K15】g 4. Groups work best when they consist of people w
28、ho have【K16】s 5 duties, responsibilities, and missions. This does not mean, however, that everyone in the group must think in lockstep. All【K17】p 6should agree on the group“s purpose. Finding the right subject matter is essential. There are several【K18】w 7to fuel the discussion; by using the company
29、“s mission statement, by finding readings on work and ethics by experts in the topic, or by analyzing specific workplace incidents that have affected the company or others like it. Finally, the dynamics of the group should be balanced, and the discussion leader must not be allowed to overwhelm the c
30、onversation or the agenda. Groups work【K19】b 8 when the same person is not always in charge. It is better to【K20】r 9 the leadership for each meeting and let that leader choose the material for discussion.（分数：20.00）(1).【K11】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).【K12】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).【K13】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).【K14】（分
31、数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).【K15】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).【K16】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).【K17】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).【K18】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).【K19】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).【K20】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、阅读理解(总题数：4，分数：40.00)About myopiaif you have it, be happy. As shown by numerous scientific studies, nearsighted men and women boast a
32、higher average intelligence than their nonmyopic cohorts. The precise mechanism of this association remains unknown, but it is tempting to postulate an effect of myopia on early childhood development. Most nearsighted kids wander around undiagnosed for years, and during this formative periodunable t
33、o see the baseballs, Frisbees, and rocks thrown at them by their playmatesthey spend a lot of time indoors. The nonathletic myopias who take up reading to while away the hours get high scores on the SATs, while those who take up eating tweak our claustrophobia by overflowing the adjacent seat on air
34、planes. Myopia also exerts a compelling influence on career choice: the great majority of my fellow ophthalmologists wear either contact lenses or thick myopic spectacles. Pathology breeds preoccupations. However beautiful the human eye, it serves a more important purpose than romantic allure. Forty
35、 percent of the brain is devoted to vision, which provides us with more information than our other four senses combined. Our optic nerves transmit millions of impulses to the brain every second, impulses that specify the location, color and intensity of light for all the points in our visual space.
36、Better yet, thanks to a mysterious algorithm that fuses the slightly disparate images from each of our eyes, our visual cortex, via a neurological miracle known as depth perception, shows us the world in three dimensions. An impressive feat since a video camera, arguably the benchmark of modern tech
37、nology, can muster only two dimensions. Certain ocular tissue stands on the pinnacle of evolution. How does nature, so crude in claw and fang, create a surface that brings light into a pinpoint focus? This surface must be perfectly curved, perfectly transparent, perfectly smooth. It must bewater! Wh
38、ich is to say, the cornea owes its optical perfection to a tear film whose dissolved salts, lipids, and proteins maintain a flawless wetted surface. A man who has no tears stands on the brink of blindness. Worse yet, that man will writhe in agony: a dry cornea, thanks to the most exquisite pain thre
39、shold in the human body, responds to each blink with a tormenting jolt. Dry eye victims compare the sensation to that caused by rubbing the eyeball with shards of glass.（分数：10.00）(1).Myopia is blessing in disguise because（分数：2.00）A.shortsighted people earn more.B.shortsighted people read more.C.shor
40、tsighted people live longer.D.shortsighted people eat more.(2).“Pathology breeds preoccupations“ most probably means, by analogy,（分数：2.00）A.eye doctors choose their career because they like their career.B.surgeons choose their career because they suffer from injury.C.gynaecologists choose their care
41、er because she is a woman.D.ear, nose and throat doctors choose their career because they wish to have a beautiful voice.(3).To ensure the eyes function normally, the most important thing is to（分数：2.00）A.read less to let the eyes have a rest.B.see the doctor when there is something wrong with the ey
42、e.C.not to focus on an object over a long time.D.need water to moisten the cornea.(4).The sentence “However beautiful the human eye, it serves a more important purpose than romantic allure“ can be best interpreted as（分数：2.00）A.But the human eye is beautiful, it.B.Although human eye is beautiful, it.
43、C.No matter how beautiful the human eye is, it.D.Despite the fact that the human eye is beautiful, it.(5).Which organ receives the most information, according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.Ears.B.Tongue.C.Hands.D.Eyes.That evening at the academician“s dormitory, I went out onto my balcony and lit a cigar
44、ette. A few minutes later, the door of the adjacent balcony opened. The balconies were extremely close, the railings separated by a mere ten inches of black space. An elderly woman stepped outside and stood very still, gazing sternly into the distance, apparently pursuing her own thoughts about Tols
45、toy. Abruptly she turned to me. “Would you be so kind as to give me a light?“ she asked. I fished a matchbook from my pocket, lit a match, cupped my hand around it, and held it over her balcony. She leaned over, ignited a Kent Light, and began puffing away. I decided to take advantage of this moment
46、 of human contact to ask for shampoo.(There wasn“t any in our bathrooms, and mine was lost somewhere with my suitcase.)But when I mentioned shampoo, some strong emotion flickered across the old woman“s face. Fear? Annoyance? Hatred? I consoled myself that I was providing her an opportunity to practi
47、ce resignation of the soul. “ Just a minute, “ said my neighbor resignedly, as if she had read my thoughts. She set down her cigarette in a glass ashtray. The thread of smoke climbed up into the windless night. I ducked into my room to find a shampoo receptacle, choosing a ceramic mug with a picture
48、 of the historic white gates of Yasnaya Polyana. Under the picture was a quotation from L. N. Tolstoy, about how he was unable to imagine a Russia with no Yasnaya Polyana. I held the mug over the narrow chasm, and my neighbor poured in some sudsy water from a small bottle. 1 realized then that she was sharing with me literally her last drops of shampoo, which she had mixed with water in order to make them last longer. I thanked her as warmly as I knew how. She responded with a dignified nod. We stood a moment in silence. “Do you have any cats an
