1、2015 年国际关系学院英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.whole food（分数：2.00）_3.bilateral extradition treaty（分数：2.00）_4.misappropriation of public funds（分数：2.00）_5.outsourcing industry（分数：2.00）_6.photosynthesis（分数：2.00）_7.Kurds（分数：2.00）_8.collective bargaining agreement（分数：2.00）
2、_9.Economics of transition（分数：2.00）_10.premium car manufacture（分数：2.00）_11.Deputy Assistant Secretary of State（分数：2.00）_12.ISS（分数：2.00）_13.IAACA（分数：2.00）_14.“ISIS“（分数：2.00）_15.WMO（分数：2.00）_16.CIO（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.注册会计师（分数：2.00）_19.预选赛（分数：2.00）_20.北京拥堵的道路（分数：2.00）_21.中华全国新闻工作者协会（分数：2.00）_22.污染食品（分数
3、：2.00）_23.挂羊头卖狗肉（分数：2.00）_24.经济师（分数：2.00）_25.祸从口出（分数：2.00）_26.清仓甩卖（分数：2.00）_27.通货紧缩（分数：2.00）_28.人山人海（分数：2.00）_29.寡头政治（分数：2.00）_30.单双号限行制（分数：2.00）_31.月光族（分数：2.00）_32.物流快递（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.We live in a time of great contrasts, when fewer than 100 people control as much of the wo
4、rlds wealth as the poorest 3. 5 billion combined. But we also live in a time when many developing countries have the strongest growth rates in the world, which each year helps millions of people lift themselves out of extreme poverty.Our economists estimate that roughly 1 billion people around the w
5、orld live in extreme poverty today in 2014this is down from an estimated 1. 2 billion people in 2010. This difficult-to-grasp number is falling steadily and surely, but reaching our twin goals of ending extreme poverty by 2030 and boosting shared prosperity wont be easy. Developing countries will ha
6、ve to grow at a pace stronger than any time in the past 20 years. To end extreme poverty by 2030, the vast rolls of the poorestthose earning less than $1. 25 a daywill have to decrease by 50 million people each year.Economic growth has been vital for reducing extreme poverty and improving the lives
7、of many poor people. But if this mass migration of people moving from poverty to prosperity is really to gather strength, we need growth that is inclusive creates jobs, and assists the poor directly.Growth, of course, remains critically importantresponsible for three-quarters of the reduction in pov
8、erty numbers. So when we look at the global economy today, growth in high-income countries is accelerating and developing countries are growing, though less briskly than before.Short term risks to the global economy have eased. Increasingly our worries are focused on the medium-term. Our concern is
9、that the pace of reform could be slowing in this post-crisis period. The focus must return urgently to the structural reform agenda. Even a small setback can result in leaving millions of families in destitution rather than escaping poverty.Today were releasing a report called “ Prosperity for All,“
10、 which clearly makes the point that tackling poverty requires understanding where the greatest number of poor live. But it also shows that we must concentrate where hardship is most pervasive.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.诗歌是语言文化的最高表达形式之一，教科文组织每年都会颂扬诗歌的创作者。诗歌是一曲自由的赞歌，以创作表达其身份。诗歌还歌颂我们最深层的情感，诗歌以词汇和韵律呈现我们对和平、公正和
11、尊严的梦想。它为实现这些目标的行动提供了力量和意愿。 历史上各国人民都曾以某种形式发展和创作诗歌，或是为了口头传递他们的知识、神话和历史，抑或为了表达他们的情感、记叙日常生活、经受考验或消遣娱乐。今天，从涂鸦到读诗会等当代诗歌形式使年轻人得以打开新的创作空间的大门，参与到诗歌中，让它焕发新生。诗歌的形式不断变化，但它的活力始终不变。莎士比亚将诗歌描述为“人人天生拥有的音乐”。数个世纪之后，教科文组织亲善大使重申诗歌、文学和音乐的相似性。（分数：2.00）_2015 年国际关系学院英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)
12、1.英译汉_解析：2.whole food（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：全天然食品；全营养食品)解析：3.bilateral extradition treaty（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：双边引渡条约)解析：4.misappropriation of public funds（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：挪用公款)解析：5.outsourcing industry（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：外包产业)解析：6.photosynthesis（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：光合作用)解析：7.Kurds（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(
13、正确答案：库尔德人)解析：8.collective bargaining agreement（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：劳资协议)解析：9.Economics of transition（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：转轨经济学)解析：10.premium car manufacture（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：高档汽车制造)解析：11.Deputy Assistant Secretary of State（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：副助理国务卿)解析：12.ISS（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际空间站(Internation
14、al Space Station)解析：13.IAACA（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际反贪局联合会(International Association of AntiCorruption Authorities)解析：14.“ISIS“（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国” (“Islamic State in Iraq and Syria”)解析：15.WMO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：世界气象组织(World Meteorological Organization)解析：16.CIO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：首席信
15、息官(Chief Information Office)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.注册会计师（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：certified public accountant)解析：19.预选赛（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：qualifying game/preliminaries)解析：20.北京拥堵的道路（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：highly congested roads of Beijing)解析：21.中华全国新闻工作者协会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：All-China Journalists Association)解析
16、：22.污染食品（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：contaminated food)解析：23.挂羊头卖狗肉（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：sail under false colors/bait-and-switch tactics in business)解析：24.经济师（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：economist)解析：25.祸从口出（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Out of the mouth comes evil. /Careless talk leads to trouble.)解析：26.清仓甩卖（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正
17、确答案：clearance sale)解析：27.通货紧缩（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：deflation)解析：28.人山人海（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：a sea of people)解析：29.寡头政治（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：oligarchy)解析：30.单双号限行制（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：traffic restrictions based on even- and odd-numbered license plates)解析：31.月光族（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：moonlight clan)解析：32.
18、物流快递（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：logistics and express delivery)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.We live in a time of great contrasts, when fewer than 100 people control as much of the worlds wealth as the poorest 3. 5 billion combined. But we also live in a time when many developing countries have the
19、strongest growth rates in the world, which each year helps millions of people lift themselves out of extreme poverty.Our economists estimate that roughly 1 billion people around the world live in extreme poverty today in 2014this is down from an estimated 1. 2 billion people in 2010. This difficult-
20、to-grasp number is falling steadily and surely, but reaching our twin goals of ending extreme poverty by 2030 and boosting shared prosperity wont be easy. Developing countries will have to grow at a pace stronger than any time in the past 20 years. To end extreme poverty by 2030, the vast rolls of t
21、he poorestthose earning less than $1. 25 a daywill have to decrease by 50 million people each year.Economic growth has been vital for reducing extreme poverty and improving the lives of many poor people. But if this mass migration of people moving from poverty to prosperity is really to gather stren
22、gth, we need growth that is inclusive creates jobs, and assists the poor directly.Growth, of course, remains critically importantresponsible for three-quarters of the reduction in poverty numbers. So when we look at the global economy today, growth in high-income countries is accelerating and develo
23、ping countries are growing, though less briskly than before.Short term risks to the global economy have eased. Increasingly our worries are focused on the medium-term. Our concern is that the pace of reform could be slowing in this post-crisis period. The focus must return urgently to the structural
24、 reform agenda. Even a small setback can result in leaving millions of families in destitution rather than escaping poverty.Today were releasing a report called “ Prosperity for All,“ which clearly makes the point that tackling poverty requires understanding where the greatest number of poor live. B
25、ut it also shows that we must concentrate where hardship is most pervasive.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 我们生活在一个贫富悬殊的世界，世界上不到 100 个人控制的财富相当于 35 亿最贫困人口的财富总和。但是，我们生活的这个时代也是一个许多发展中国家保持着世界最高的经济增长率和每年帮助数百万人口脱贫的时代。 据我们的经济学家估计，目前，也就是 2014 年世界上约有 10 亿人生活在极度贫困之中，比 2010 年估计的 12 亿人有所减少。这个难以把握的数字在稳步下降。但是，要想达到 2030 年终结极
26、度贫困和促进共享繁荣这两项目标并非易事。发展中国家的经济必须以高于过去 20年中任何一年的速度增长。为了到 2030 年终结极度贫困，大量贫困人口，即每天收入低于 125 美元的贫困人口的人数，必须每年减少 5 000 万人。 经济增长对于减少极度贫困和改善大量贫困人口的生活至关重要。但是，如果想要加强这个人口大量脱贫致富的势头，我们需要使经济增长具有包容性，能够创造就业和直接救助穷人。 当然，经济增长依然极其重要，对脱贫人口中的四分之三负有责任。所以，我们今天看到在全球经济中，高收入国家的经济增长正在加速，而发展中国家也在增长，尽管速度略低于过去。全球经济面临的短期风险已经缓解。我们的担忧越
27、来越集中在中期上。我们担忧的是在这个后危机时期，改革的步伐有可能放慢。我们迫切需要重新聚焦到结构性改革的议程上。即使是微小的倒退都有可能导致数以百万的家庭继续陷于贫困而不是摆脱贫困。 今天，我们发布了一份题为共同繁荣的报告，清楚地说明了解决贫困问题要求我们必须了解绝大多数贫困人口在哪里。但报告也说明我们必须把精力集中在贫困最普遍的地方。)解析：35.汉译英_解析：36.诗歌是语言文化的最高表达形式之一，教科文组织每年都会颂扬诗歌的创作者。诗歌是一曲自由的赞歌，以创作表达其身份。诗歌还歌颂我们最深层的情感，诗歌以词汇和韵律呈现我们对和平、公正和尊严的梦想。它为实现这些目标的行动提供了力量和意愿。
28、 历史上各国人民都曾以某种形式发展和创作诗歌，或是为了口头传递他们的知识、神话和历史，抑或为了表达他们的情感、记叙日常生活、经受考验或消遣娱乐。今天，从涂鸦到读诗会等当代诗歌形式使年轻人得以打开新的创作空间的大门，参与到诗歌中，让它焕发新生。诗歌的形式不断变化，但它的活力始终不变。莎士比亚将诗歌描述为“人人天生拥有的音乐”。数个世纪之后，教科文组织亲善大使重申诗歌、文学和音乐的相似性。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Every year, UNESCO celebrates those who give life to poetry as one of the highest forms of linguistic and cultural expression. Poetry is a song of freedom, enabling us to affirm our identity through creation. Poetry is also the song of our deepest feeli
